CVE-2026-16230 (GCVE-0-2026-16230)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-11 19:37 – Updated: 2026-08-11 21:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Formidable Digital Signatures <= 3.0.6 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Deletion via Signature Field
Summary
The Formidable Digital Signatures plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to file deletion due to insufficient file path validation in the delete_file function in all versions up to, and including, 3.0.6. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete files on the server by supplying an attacker-controlled filename in the item_meta[field_id][content] parameter alongside the delete_saved_image flag during the standard entry-creation POST flow on any form that accepts anonymous submissions.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-11 21:03 UTC
CWE
- CWE-23 - Relative Path Traversal
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strategy11 | Formidable Digital Signatures |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.0.6
(semver)
|
guessed |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-16230",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-08-11T21:03:29.644869Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-11T21:03:36.534Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Formidable Digital Signatures",
"vendor": "Strategy11",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "3.0.6",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Rafie Muhammad"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "The Formidable Digital Signatures plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to file deletion due to insufficient file path validation in the delete_file function in all versions up to, and including, 3.0.6. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete files on the server by supplying an attacker-controlled filename in the item_meta[field_id][content] parameter alongside the delete_saved_image flag during the standard entry-creation POST flow on any form that accepts anonymous submissions."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 9.8,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-23",
"description": "CWE-23 Relative Path Traversal",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-11T19:37:27.821Z",
"orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"shortName": "Wordfence"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/c9a5f8ca-7efc-401b-8a93-07fbe7204dce?source=cve"
},
{
"url": "https://formidableforms.com/"
},
{
"url": "https://formidableforms.com/changelog/digital-signature-forms-3-1/"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-07-29T11:36:12.000Z",
"value": "Vendor Notified"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-08-11T06:34:15.000Z",
"value": "Disclosed"
}
],
"title": "Formidable Digital Signatures \u003c= 3.0.6 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Deletion via Signature Field"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-16230",
"datePublished": "2026-08-11T19:37:27.821Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-07-18T14:23:51.315Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-11T21:03:36.534Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2026-16230",
"date": "2026-09-16",
"epss": "0.00496",
"percentile": "0.41354"
},
"nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-16230\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security@wordfence.com\",\"published\":\"2026-08-11T20:17:27.133\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-08-12T21:00:52.257\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Deferred\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"The Formidable Digital Signatures plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to file deletion due to insufficient file path validation in the delete_file function in all versions up to, and including, 3.0.6. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete files on the server by supplying an attacker-controlled filename in the item_meta[field_id][content] parameter alongside the delete_saved_image flag during the standard entry-creation POST flow on any form that accepts anonymous submissions.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Strategy11\",\"product\":\"Formidable Digital Signatures\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"3.0.6\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":9.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":5.9}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2026-08-11T21:03:29.644869Z\",\"id\":\"CVE-2026-16230\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"none\"},{\"automatable\":\"yes\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"total\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-23\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://formidableforms.com/\",\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://formidableforms.com/changelog/digital-signature-forms-3-1/\",\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/c9a5f8ca-7efc-401b-8a93-07fbe7204dce?source=cve\",\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\"}]}}",
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-16230\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"yes\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-08-11T21:03:29.644869Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-11T21:03:33.806Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"Formidable Digital Signatures \u003c= 3.0.6 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Deletion via Signature Field\", \"credits\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"finder\", \"value\": \"Rafie Muhammad\"}], \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 9.8, \"baseSeverity\": \"CRITICAL\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"Strategy11\", \"product\": \"Formidable Digital Signatures\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"3.0.6\"}], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}], \"timeline\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"time\": \"2026-07-29T11:36:12.000Z\", \"value\": \"Vendor Notified\"}, {\"lang\": \"en\", \"time\": \"2026-08-11T06:34:15.000Z\", \"value\": \"Disclosed\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/c9a5f8ca-7efc-401b-8a93-07fbe7204dce?source=cve\"}, {\"url\": \"https://formidableforms.com/\"}, {\"url\": \"https://formidableforms.com/changelog/digital-signature-forms-3-1/\"}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"The Formidable Digital Signatures plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to file deletion due to insufficient file path validation in the delete_file function in all versions up to, and including, 3.0.6. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete files on the server by supplying an attacker-controlled filename in the item_meta[field_id][content] parameter alongside the delete_saved_image flag during the standard entry-creation POST flow on any form that accepts anonymous submissions.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-23\", \"description\": \"CWE-23 Relative Path Traversal\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599\", \"shortName\": \"Wordfence\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-11T19:37:27.821Z\"}}}",
"cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-16230\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-11T21:03:36.534Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-07-18T14:23:51.315Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-08-11T19:37:27.821Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Wordfence\"}",
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
Loading…