CVE-2025-9312 (GCVE-0-2025-9312)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-11-18 12:05
Modified
2025-11-18 17:38
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Summary
A missing authentication enforcement vulnerability exists in the mutual TLS (mTLS) implementation used by System REST APIs and SOAP services in multiple WSO2 products. Due to improper validation of client certificate–based authentication in certain default configurations, the affected components may permit unauthenticated requests even when mTLS is enabled. This condition occurs when relying on the default mTLS settings for System REST APIs or when the mTLS authenticator is enabled for SOAP services, causing these interfaces to accept requests without enforcing additional authentication.
Successful exploitation allows a malicious actor with network access to the affected endpoints to gain administrative privileges and perform unauthorized operations. The vulnerability is exploitable only when the impacted mTLS flows are enabled and accessible in a given deployment. Other certificate-based authentication mechanisms such as Mutual TLS OAuth client authentication and X.509 login flows are not affected, and APIs served through the API Gateway of WSO2 API Manager remain unaffected.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WSO2 | WSO2 API Manager |
Version: 2.2.0 < 2.2.0.58 Version: 2.5.0 < 2.5.0.84 Version: 2.6.0 < 2.6.0.145 Version: 3.0.0 < 3.0.0.175 Version: 3.1.0 < 3.1.0.339 Version: 3.2.0 < 3.2.0.439 Version: 3.2.1 < 3.2.1.59 Version: 4.0.0 < 4.0.0.359 Version: 4.1.0 < 4.1.0.222 Version: 4.2.0 < 4.2.0.161 Version: 4.3.0 < 4.3.0.73 Version: 4.4.0 < 4.4.0.37 Version: 4.5.0 < 4.5.0.21 |
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href=\\\"https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2025/WSO2-2025-4494/#solution\\\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\\\"background-color: transparent;\\\"\u003ehttps://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2025/WSO2-2025-4494/#solution\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2025/WSO2-2025-4494/\", \"tags\": [\"vendor-advisory\"]}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"Vulnogram 0.2.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"A missing authentication enforcement vulnerability exists in the mutual TLS (mTLS) implementation used by System REST APIs and SOAP services in multiple WSO2 products. Due to improper validation of client certificate\\u2013based authentication in certain default configurations, the affected components may permit unauthenticated requests even when mTLS is enabled. This condition occurs when relying on the default mTLS settings for System REST APIs or when the mTLS authenticator is enabled for SOAP services, causing these interfaces to accept requests without enforcing additional authentication.\\n\\nSuccessful exploitation allows a malicious actor with network access to the affected endpoints to gain administrative privileges and perform unauthorized operations. The vulnerability is exploitable only when the impacted mTLS flows are enabled and accessible in a given deployment. 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\"cpe:2.3:a:wso2:org.wso2.carbon.identity.auth.service:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"1.8.41.2\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"1.8.41\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:wso2:org.wso2.carbon.identity.auth.service:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"1.9.4.4\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"1.9.4\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:wso2:org.wso2.carbon.identity.auth.service:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"1.9.18.2\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"1.9.18\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:wso2:org.wso2.carbon.identity.auth.service:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": false, \"versionEndIncluding\": \"5.5.2.*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.5.2\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8\", \"shortName\": \"WSO2\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-11-18T12:49:08.200Z\"}}}",
"cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-9312\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-11-18T17:38:15.686Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-08-21T07:28:14.505Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-11-18T12:05:22.207Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"WSO2\"}",
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or seen somewhere by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability is confirmed from an analyst perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: This vulnerability was exploited and seen by the user reporting the sighting.
- Patched: This vulnerability was successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.
- Not exploited: This vulnerability was not exploited or seen by the user reporting the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expresses doubt about the veracity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: This vulnerability was not successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.
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