Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2025-66508 (GCVE-0-2025-66508)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-09 01:37 – Updated: 2025-12-09 16:03

Title

1Panel IP Access Control Bypass via Untrusted X-Forwarded-For Headers

Summary

1Panel is an open-source, web-based control panel for Linux server management. Versions 2.0.14 and below use Gin's default configuration which trusts all IP addresses as proxies (TrustedProxies = 0.0.0.0/0), allowing any client to spoof the X-Forwarded-For header. Since all IP-based access controls (AllowIPs, API whitelists, localhost-only checks) rely on ClientIP(), attackers can bypass these protections by simply sending X-Forwarded-For: 127.0.0.1 or any whitelisted IP. This renders all IP-based security controls ineffective. This issue is fixed in version 2.0.14.

Severity

6.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-12-09 14:17 UTC

CWE

CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/security/adv…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/commit/94f7d…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
1Panel-dev	1Panel	Affected: < 2.0.14	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
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              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-66508",
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      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "1Panel IP Access Control Bypass via Untrusted X-Forwarded-For Headers",
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      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-66508.json",
      "version": "2"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
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}

FKIE_CVE-2025-66508

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-12-09 16:18 - Updated: 2026-06-17 09:56

Severity

6.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/commit/94f7d78cc9768ee244da33e09408017d1f68b5ed	Patch
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/security/advisories/GHSA-7cqv-qcq2-r765	Vendor Advisory

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	fit2cloud	1panel	*

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "1Panel",
          "vendor": "1Panel-dev",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 2.0.14"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    }
  ],
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:fit2cloud:1panel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "72A77893-8F9B-4CFF-8952-A7478F7D3DC9",
              "versionEndExcluding": "2.0.14",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "1Panel is an open-source, web-based control panel for Linux server management. Versions 2.0.14 and below use Gin\u0027s default configuration which trusts all IP addresses as proxies (TrustedProxies = 0.0.0.0/0), allowing any client to spoof the X-Forwarded-For header. Since all IP-based access controls (AllowIPs, API whitelists, localhost-only checks) rely on ClientIP(), attackers can bypass these protections by simply sending X-Forwarded-For:  127.0.0.1 or any whitelisted IP. This renders all IP-based security controls ineffective. This issue is fixed in version 2.0.14."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-66508",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T09:56:57.350",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 6.5,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "integrityImpact": "LOW",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 2.5,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
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          "options": [
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              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2025-12-09T14:17:08.188962Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-12-09T16:18:19.437",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/commit/94f7d78cc9768ee244da33e09408017d1f68b5ed"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/security/advisories/GHSA-7cqv-qcq2-r765"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
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    {
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        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7CQV-QCQ2-R765

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-08 17:56 – Updated: 2025-12-17 00:47

Summary

1Panel IP Access Control Bypass via Untrusted X-Forwarded-For Headers

Details

Summary

The server trusts all reverse-proxy headers by default, so any remote client can spoof X-Forwarded-For to bypass IP-based protections (AllowIPs, API IP whitelist, “localhost-only” checks). All IP-based access control becomes ineffective.

Details

Gin is created with defaults (gin.Default()), which sets TrustedProxies = 0.0.0.0/0 and uses X-Forwarded-For/X-Real-IP to compute ClientIP().
IP-based controls rely on ClientIP():
- AllowIPs / BindDomain (core/middleware/ip_limit.go, core/utils/security/security.go).
- API IP whitelist (core/middleware/api_auth.go).
- "localhost-only" checks that depend on ClientIP().
Because no trusted-proxy range is enforced, any client can send X-Forwarded-For: 127.0.0.1 (or a whitelisted IP) and be treated as coming from that address.

Impact

All IP-based access control is rendered ineffective: remote clients can masquerade as localhost or any whitelisted IP, defeating AllowIPs, API IP whitelists, and “localhost-only” protections.

Severity

6.5 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.0.14"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/agent"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.0.0-20251201063338-94f7d78cc976"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-66508"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-290"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-12-08T17:56:57Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-09T16:18:19Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nThe server trusts all reverse-proxy headers by default, so any remote client can spoof `X-Forwarded-For` to bypass IP-based protections (AllowIPs, API IP whitelist, \u201clocalhost-only\u201d checks). All IP-based access control becomes ineffective.\n\n### Details\n- Gin is created with defaults (`gin.Default()`), which sets `TrustedProxies = 0.0.0.0/0` and uses `X-Forwarded-For`/`X-Real-IP` to compute `ClientIP()`.\n\n- IP-based controls rely on `ClientIP()`:\n    - AllowIPs / BindDomain (core/middleware/ip_limit.go, core/utils/security/security.go).\n    - API IP whitelist (core/middleware/api_auth.go).\n    - \"localhost-only\" checks that depend on `ClientIP()`.\n\n- Because no trusted-proxy range is enforced, any client can send `X-Forwarded-For: 127.0.0.1` (or a whitelisted IP) and be treated as coming from that address.\n\n### Impact\nAll IP-based access control is rendered ineffective: remote clients can masquerade as localhost or any whitelisted IP, defeating AllowIPs, API IP whitelists, and \u201clocalhost-only\u201d protections.",
  "id": "GHSA-7cqv-qcq2-r765",
  "modified": "2025-12-17T00:47:24Z",
  "published": "2025-12-08T17:56:57Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/security/advisories/GHSA-7cqv-qcq2-r765"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66508"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/commit/94f7d78cc9768ee244da33e09408017d1f68b5ed"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "1Panel IP Access Control Bypass via Untrusted X-Forwarded-For Headers"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

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Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

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CVE-2025-66508 (GCVE-0-2025-66508)

FKIE_CVE-2025-66508

GHSA-7CQV-QCQ2-R765

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