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CVE-2025-38500 (GCVE-0-2025-38500)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-12 16:02 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:02
VLAI
Title
xfrm: interface: fix use-after-free after changing collect_md xfrm interface
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: interface: fix use-after-free after changing collect_md xfrm interface collect_md property on xfrm interfaces can only be set on device creation, thus xfrmi_changelink() should fail when called on such interfaces. The check to enforce this was done only in the case where the xi was returned from xfrmi_locate() which doesn't look for the collect_md interface, and thus the validation was never reached. Calling changelink would thus errornously place the special interface xi in the xfrmi_net->xfrmi hash, but since it also exists in the xfrmi_net->collect_md_xfrmi pointer it would lead to a double free when the net namespace was taken down [1]. Change the check to use the xi from netdev_priv which is available earlier in the function to prevent changes in xfrm collect_md interfaces. [1] resulting oops: [ 8.516540] kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c:12029! [ 8.516552] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI [ 8.516559] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 12 Comm: kworker/u80:0 Not tainted 6.15.0-virtme #5 PREEMPT(voluntary) [ 8.516565] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014 [ 8.516569] Workqueue: netns cleanup_net [ 8.516579] RIP: 0010:unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x101/0xab0 [ 8.516590] Code: 90 0f 0b 90 48 8b b0 78 01 00 00 48 8b 90 80 01 00 00 48 89 56 08 48 89 32 4c 89 80 78 01 00 00 48 89 b8 80 01 00 00 eb ac 90 <0f> 0b 48 8b 45 00 4c 8d a0 88 fe ff ff 48 39 c5 74 5c 41 80 bc 24 [ 8.516593] RSP: 0018:ffffa93b8006bd30 EFLAGS: 00010206 [ 8.516598] RAX: ffff98fe4226e000 RBX: ffffa93b8006bd58 RCX: ffffa93b8006bc60 [ 8.516601] RDX: 0000000000000004 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: dead000000000122 [ 8.516603] RBP: ffffa93b8006bdd8 R08: dead000000000100 R09: ffff98fe4133c100 [ 8.516605] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 00000000000003d2 R12: ffffa93b8006be00 [ 8.516608] R13: ffffffff96c1a510 R14: ffffffff96c1a510 R15: ffffa93b8006be00 [ 8.516615] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff98fee73b7000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 8.516619] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 8.516622] CR2: 00007fcd2abd0700 CR3: 000000003aa40000 CR4: 0000000000752ef0 [ 8.516625] PKRU: 55555554 [ 8.516627] Call Trace: [ 8.516632] <TASK> [ 8.516635] ? rtnl_is_locked+0x15/0x20 [ 8.516641] ? unregister_netdevice_queue+0x29/0xf0 [ 8.516650] ops_undo_list+0x1f2/0x220 [ 8.516659] cleanup_net+0x1ad/0x2e0 [ 8.516664] process_one_work+0x160/0x380 [ 8.516673] worker_thread+0x2aa/0x3c0 [ 8.516679] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10 [ 8.516686] kthread+0xfb/0x200 [ 8.516690] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 8.516693] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 8.516697] ret_from_fork+0x82/0xf0 [ 8.516705] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 8.516709] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 [ 8.516718] </TASK>
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-01 18:10 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0 , < a8d4748b954584ab7bd800f1a4e46d5b0eeb5ce4 (git)
Affected: abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0 , < bfebdb85496e1da21d3cf05de099210915c3e706 (git)
Affected: abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0 , < 5918c3f4800a3aef2173865e5903370f21e24f47 (git)
Affected: abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0 , < 69a31f7a6a81f5ffd3812c442e09ff0be22960f1 (git)
Affected: abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0 , < a90b2a1aaacbcf0f91d7e4868ad6c51c5dee814b (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 6.1
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.1 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.148 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.101 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.41 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.15.9 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.16 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
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        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: interface: fix use-after-free after changing collect_md xfrm interface\n\ncollect_md property on xfrm interfaces can only be set on device creation,\nthus xfrmi_changelink() should fail when called on such interfaces.\n\nThe check to enforce this was done only in the case where the xi was\nreturned from xfrmi_locate() which doesn\u0027t look for the collect_md\ninterface, and thus the validation was never reached.\n\nCalling changelink would thus errornously place the special interface xi\nin the xfrmi_net-\u003exfrmi hash, but since it also exists in the\nxfrmi_net-\u003ecollect_md_xfrmi pointer it would lead to a double free when\nthe net namespace was taken down [1].\n\nChange the check to use the xi from netdev_priv which is available earlier\nin the function to prevent changes in xfrm collect_md interfaces.\n\n[1] resulting oops:\n[    8.516540] kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c:12029!\n[    8.516552] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI\n[    8.516559] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 12 Comm: kworker/u80:0 Not tainted 6.15.0-virtme #5 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n[    8.516565] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014\n[    8.516569] Workqueue: netns cleanup_net\n[    8.516579] RIP: 0010:unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x101/0xab0\n[    8.516590] Code: 90 0f 0b 90 48 8b b0 78 01 00 00 48 8b 90 80 01 00 00 48 89 56 08 48 89 32 4c 89 80 78 01 00 00 48 89 b8 80 01 00 00 eb ac 90 \u003c0f\u003e 0b 48 8b 45 00 4c 8d a0 88 fe ff ff 48 39 c5 74 5c 41 80 bc 24\n[    8.516593] RSP: 0018:ffffa93b8006bd30 EFLAGS: 00010206\n[    8.516598] RAX: ffff98fe4226e000 RBX: ffffa93b8006bd58 RCX: ffffa93b8006bc60\n[    8.516601] RDX: 0000000000000004 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: dead000000000122\n[    8.516603] RBP: ffffa93b8006bdd8 R08: dead000000000100 R09: ffff98fe4133c100\n[    8.516605] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 00000000000003d2 R12: ffffa93b8006be00\n[    8.516608] R13: ffffffff96c1a510 R14: ffffffff96c1a510 R15: ffffa93b8006be00\n[    8.516615] FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff98fee73b7000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\n[    8.516619] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\n[    8.516622] CR2: 00007fcd2abd0700 CR3: 000000003aa40000 CR4: 0000000000752ef0\n[    8.516625] PKRU: 55555554\n[    8.516627] Call Trace:\n[    8.516632]  \u003cTASK\u003e\n[    8.516635]  ? rtnl_is_locked+0x15/0x20\n[    8.516641]  ? unregister_netdevice_queue+0x29/0xf0\n[    8.516650]  ops_undo_list+0x1f2/0x220\n[    8.516659]  cleanup_net+0x1ad/0x2e0\n[    8.516664]  process_one_work+0x160/0x380\n[    8.516673]  worker_thread+0x2aa/0x3c0\n[    8.516679]  ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10\n[    8.516686]  kthread+0xfb/0x200\n[    8.516690]  ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[    8.516693]  ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[    8.516697]  ret_from_fork+0x82/0xf0\n[    8.516705]  ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[    8.516709]  ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n[    8.516718]  \u003c/TASK\u003e"
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: xfrm: interfaz: se corrige el Use After Free despu\u00e9s de cambiar la propiedad collect_md de la interfaz xfrm. Las interfaces xfrm solo se pueden configurar al crear el dispositivo, por lo que xfrmi_changelink() deber\u00eda fallar al llamarse en dichas interfaces. La comprobaci\u00f3n para aplicar esto solo se realiz\u00f3 en el caso en que xi se devolviera desde xfrmi_locate(), que no busca la interfaz collect_md y, por lo tanto, nunca se alcanz\u00f3 la validaci\u00f3n. Llamar a changelink colocar\u00eda por error la interfaz especial xi en el hash xfrmi_net-\u0026gt;xfrmi, pero como tambi\u00e9n existe en el puntero xfrmi_net-\u0026gt;collect_md_xfrmi, provocar\u00eda una doble liberaci\u00f3n cuando se eliminara el espacio de nombres net [1]. Cambie la comprobaci\u00f3n para usar xi de netdev_priv, que est\u00e1 disponible anteriormente en la funci\u00f3n, para evitar cambios en las interfaces xfrm collect_md. [1] resulting oops: [ 8.516540] kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c:12029! [ 8.516552] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI [ 8.516559] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 12 Comm: kworker/u80:0 Not tainted 6.15.0-virtme #5 PREEMPT(voluntary) [ 8.516565] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014 [ 8.516569] Workqueue: netns cleanup_net [ 8.516579] RIP: 0010:unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x101/0xab0 [ 8.516590] Code: 90 0f 0b 90 48 8b b0 78 01 00 00 48 8b 90 80 01 00 00 48 89 56 08 48 89 32 4c 89 80 78 01 00 00 48 89 b8 80 01 00 00 eb ac 90 \u0026lt;0f\u0026gt; 0b 48 8b 45 00 4c 8d a0 88 fe ff ff 48 39 c5 74 5c 41 80 bc 24 [ 8.516593] RSP: 0018:ffffa93b8006bd30 EFLAGS: 00010206 [ 8.516598] RAX: ffff98fe4226e000 RBX: ffffa93b8006bd58 RCX: ffffa93b8006bc60 [ 8.516601] RDX: 0000000000000004 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: dead000000000122 [ 8.516603] RBP: ffffa93b8006bdd8 R08: dead000000000100 R09: ffff98fe4133c100 [ 8.516605] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 00000000000003d2 R12: ffffa93b8006be00 [ 8.516608] R13: ffffffff96c1a510 R14: ffffffff96c1a510 R15: ffffa93b8006be00 [ 8.516615] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff98fee73b7000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 8.516619] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 8.516622] CR2: 00007fcd2abd0700 CR3: 000000003aa40000 CR4: 0000000000752ef0 [ 8.516625] PKRU: 55555554 [ 8.516627] Call Trace: [ 8.516632]  [ 8.516635] ? rtnl_is_locked+0x15/0x20 [ 8.516641] ? unregister_netdevice_queue+0x29/0xf0 [ 8.516650] ops_undo_list+0x1f2/0x220 [ 8.516659] cleanup_net+0x1ad/0x2e0 [ 8.516664] process_one_work+0x160/0x380 [ 8.516673] worker_thread+0x2aa/0x3c0 [ 8.516679] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10 [ 8.516686] kthread+0xfb/0x200 [ 8.516690] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 8.516693] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 8.516697] ret_from_fork+0x82/0xf0 [ 8.516705] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 8.516709] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 [ 8.516718] "
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-38500",
        "lastModified": "2026-06-17T09:16:59.590",
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            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: interface: fix use-after-free after changing collect_md xfrm interface\n\ncollect_md property on xfrm interfaces can only be set on device creation,\nthus xfrmi_changelink() should fail when called on such interfaces.\n\nThe check to enforce this was done only in the case where the xi was\nreturned from xfrmi_locate() which doesn\u0027t look for the collect_md\ninterface, and thus the validation was never reached.\n\nCalling changelink would thus errornously place the special interface xi\nin the xfrmi_net-\u003exfrmi hash, but since it also exists in the\nxfrmi_net-\u003ecollect_md_xfrmi pointer it would lead to a double free when\nthe net namespace was taken down [1].\n\nChange the check to use the xi from netdev_priv which is available earlier\nin the function to prevent changes in xfrm collect_md interfaces.\n\n[1] resulting oops:\n[    8.516540] kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c:12029!\n[    8.516552] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI\n[    8.516559] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 12 Comm: kworker/u80:0 Not tainted 6.15.0-virtme #5 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n[    8.516565] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014\n[    8.516569] Workqueue: netns cleanup_net\n[    8.516579] RIP: 0010:unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x101/0xab0\n[    8.516590] Code: 90 0f 0b 90 48 8b b0 78 01 00 00 48 8b 90 80 01 00 00 48 89 56 08 48 89 32 4c 89 80 78 01 00 00 48 89 b8 80 01 00 00 eb ac 90 \u003c0f\u003e 0b 48 8b 45 00 4c 8d a0 88 fe ff ff 48 39 c5 74 5c 41 80 bc 24\n[    8.516593] RSP: 0018:ffffa93b8006bd30 EFLAGS: 00010206\n[    8.516598] RAX: ffff98fe4226e000 RBX: ffffa93b8006bd58 RCX: ffffa93b8006bc60\n[    8.516601] RDX: 0000000000000004 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: dead000000000122\n[    8.516603] RBP: ffffa93b8006bdd8 R08: dead000000000100 R09: ffff98fe4133c100\n[    8.516605] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 00000000000003d2 R12: ffffa93b8006be00\n[    8.516608] R13: ffffffff96c1a510 R14: ffffffff96c1a510 R15: ffffa93b8006be00\n[    8.516615] FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff98fee73b7000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\n[    8.516619] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\n[    8.516622] CR2: 00007fcd2abd0700 CR3: 000000003aa40000 CR4: 0000000000752ef0\n[    8.516625] PKRU: 55555554\n[    8.516627] Call Trace:\n[    8.516632]  \u003cTASK\u003e\n[    8.516635]  ? rtnl_is_locked+0x15/0x20\n[    8.516641]  ? unregister_netdevice_queue+0x29/0xf0\n[    8.516650]  ops_undo_list+0x1f2/0x220\n[    8.516659]  cleanup_net+0x1ad/0x2e0\n[    8.516664]  process_one_work+0x160/0x380\n[    8.516673]  worker_thread+0x2aa/0x3c0\n[    8.516679]  ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10\n[    8.516686]  kthread+0xfb/0x200\n[    8.516690]  ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[    8.516693]  ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[    8.516697]  ret_from_fork+0x82/0xf0\n[    8.516705]  ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[    8.516709]  ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n[    8.516718]  \u003c/TASK\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV3_1": {
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              }
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-07-30T05:54:45.677Z",
            "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "shortName": "Linux"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a8d4748b954584ab7bd800f1a4e46d5b0eeb5ce4"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bfebdb85496e1da21d3cf05de099210915c3e706"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5918c3f4800a3aef2173865e5903370f21e24f47"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/69a31f7a6a81f5ffd3812c442e09ff0be22960f1"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a90b2a1aaacbcf0f91d7e4868ad6c51c5dee814b"
            }
          ],
          "title": "xfrm: interface: fix use-after-free after changing collect_md xfrm interface",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-38500",
        "datePublished": "2025-08-12T16:02:42.363Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.022Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-04T14:29:22.522Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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