CVE-2025-38457 (GCVE-0-2025-38457)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-25 15:27 – Updated: 2026-07-14 12:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
net/sched: Abort __tc_modify_qdisc if parent class does not exist
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net/sched: Abort __tc_modify_qdisc if parent class does not exist
Lion's patch [1] revealed an ancient bug in the qdisc API.
Whenever a user creates/modifies a qdisc specifying as a parent another
qdisc, the qdisc API will, during grafting, detect that the user is
not trying to attach to a class and reject. However grafting is
performed after qdisc_create (and thus the qdiscs' init callback) is
executed. In qdiscs that eventually call qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog
during init or change (such as fq, hhf, choke, etc), an issue
arises. For example, executing the following commands:
sudo tc qdisc add dev lo root handle a: htb default 2
sudo tc qdisc add dev lo parent a: handle beef fq
Qdiscs such as fq, hhf, choke, etc unconditionally invoke
qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() in their control path init() or change() which
then causes a failure to find the child class; however, that does not stop
the unconditional invocation of the assumed child qdisc's qlen_notify with
a null class. All these qdiscs make the assumption that class is non-null.
The solution is ensure that qdisc_leaf() which looks up the parent
class, and is invoked prior to qdisc_create(), should return failure on
not finding the class.
In this patch, we leverage qdisc_leaf to return ERR_PTRs whenever the
parentid doesn't correspond to a class, so that we can detect it
earlier on and abort before qdisc_create is called.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/d912cbd7-193b-4269-9857-525bee8bbb6a@gmail.com/
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
Assigner
References
11 references
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6 , < 923a276c74e25073ae391e930792ac86a9f77f1e
(git)
Affected: 5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6 , < 90436e72c9622c2f70389070088325a3232d339f (git) Affected: 5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6 , < 25452638f133ac19d75af3f928327d8016952c8e (git) Affected: 5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6 , < 23c165dde88eac405eebb59051ea1fe139a45803 (git) Affected: 5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6 , < 4c691d1b6b6dbd73f30ed9ee7da05f037b0c49af (git) Affected: 5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6 , < 8ecd651ef24ab50123692a4e3e25db93cb11602a (git) Affected: 5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6 , < e28a383d6485c3bb51dc5953552f76c4dea33eea (git) Affected: 5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6 , < ffdde7bf5a439aaa1955ebd581f5c64ab1533963 (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
2.6.20
Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.20 (semver) Unaffected: 5.4.296 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.240 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.189 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.146 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.99 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.39 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.15.7 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.16 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.5 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.5 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.5 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed |
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For example, executing the following commands:\\n\\nsudo tc qdisc add dev lo root handle a: htb default 2\\nsudo tc qdisc add dev lo parent a: handle beef fq\\n\\nQdiscs such as fq, hhf, choke, etc unconditionally invoke\\nqdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() in their control path init() or change() which\\nthen causes a failure to find the child class; however, that does not stop\\nthe unconditional invocation of the assumed child qdisc\u0027s qlen_notify with\\na null class. 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Sin embargo, el injerto se realiza despu\u00e9s de ejecutar qdisc_create (y, por lo tanto, la devoluci\u00f3n de llamada de inicio de la qdisc). En las qdisc que eventualmente llaman a qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog durante la inicializaci\u00f3n o el cambio (como fq, hhf, choke, etc.), surge un problema. Por ejemplo, al ejecutar los siguientes comandos: sudo tc qdisc add dev lo root handle a: htb default 2 sudo tc qdisc add dev lo parent a: handle beef fq Las Qdisc como fq, hhf, choke, etc., invocan incondicionalmente qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() en su ruta de control init() o change(), lo que provoca un error al no encontrar la clase hija; sin embargo, esto no detiene la invocaci\u00f3n incondicional de qlen_notify de la qdisc hija asumida con una clase nula. Todas estas qdisc asumen que la clase no es nula. La soluci\u00f3n es garantizar que qdisc_leaf(), que busca la clase padre y se invoca antes que qdisc_create(), devuelva un error al no encontrar la clase. 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[1] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/d912cbd7-193b-4269-9857-525bee8bbb6a@gmail.com/\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/sched/sch_api.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6\",\"lessThan\":\"923a276c74e25073ae391e930792ac86a9f77f1e\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6\",\"lessThan\":\"90436e72c9622c2f70389070088325a3232d339f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6\",\"lessThan\":\"25452638f133ac19d75af3f928327d8016952c8e\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6\",\"lessThan\":\"23c165dde88eac405eebb59051ea1fe139a45803\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6\",\"lessThan\":\"4c691d1b6b6dbd73f30ed9ee7da05f037b0c49af\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6\",\"lessThan\":\"8ecd651ef24ab50123692a4e3e25db93cb11602a\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6\",\"lessThan\":\"e28a383d6485c3bb51dc5953552f76c4dea33eea\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5e50da01d0ce7ef0ba3ed6cfabd62f327da0aca6\",\"lessThan\":\"ffdde7bf5a439aaa1955ebd581f5c64ab1533963\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/sched/sch_api.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"2.6.20\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"2.6.20\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.4.296\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.4.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.240\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.189\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.146\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.99\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.39\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.15.7\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.16\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]},{\"source\":\"0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Siemens\",\"product\":\"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unknown\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"V3.1.5\",\"lessThan\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Siemens\",\"product\":\"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unknown\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"V3.1.5\",\"lessThan\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Siemens\",\"product\":\"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unknown\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"V3.1.5\",\"lessThan\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Siemens\",\"product\":\"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unknown\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"V3.1.5\",\"lessThan\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Siemens\",\"product\":\"SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unknown\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"V3.1.5\",\"lessThan\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":5.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":3.6}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"NVD-CWE-noinfo\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"2.6.20\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.4.296\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"092812DB-392E-4683-B1DB-4F3057267FC0\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.5\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.10.240\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"0E73A49A-F9B2-470F-91B2-6FAB6239BDB6\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.11\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.15.189\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"3CE0FB9A-DBE8-48B6-BF6E-3C724A4991E3\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.16\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.1.146\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D8DA1166-5C95-475E-BF65-1DF621968E96\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.2\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.6.99\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"B369699C-E0E6-42A4-BDEE-8E676ECEF6AA\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.7\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12.39\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"18D57670-11F8-4B5A-AD56-EA32DD0F44E1\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.15.7\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"F9C46937-5FA9-4335-AD7B-E7FC29453CE1\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"6D4894DB-CCFE-4602-B1BF-3960B2E19A01\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"09709862-E348-4378-8632-5A7813EDDC86\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"415BF58A-8197-43F5-B3D7-D1D63057A26E\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"A0517869-312D-4429-80C2-561086E1421C\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"85421F4E-C863-4ABF-B4B4-E887CC2F7F92\"}]}]},{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"FA6FEEC2-9F11-4643-8827-749718254FED\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/23c165dde88eac405eebb59051ea1fe139a45803\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/25452638f133ac19d75af3f928327d8016952c8e\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4c691d1b6b6dbd73f30ed9ee7da05f037b0c49af\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8ecd651ef24ab50123692a4e3e25db93cb11602a\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/90436e72c9622c2f70389070088325a3232d339f\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/923a276c74e25073ae391e930792ac86a9f77f1e\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e28a383d6485c3bb51dc5953552f76c4dea33eea\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ffdde7bf5a439aaa1955ebd581f5c64ab1533963\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html\",\"source\":\"0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e\"}]}}",
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-06-30T01:08:37+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-38457",
"id": "CVE-2025-38457",
"initial_release_date": "2025-07-25T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_affected": "274",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: Linux kernel: Denial of Service due to invalid queueing discipline (qdisc) parent class handling",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-38457.json",
"version": "3"
},
"suse_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-09-11T02:00:54Z",
"cve": "CVE-2025-38457",
"id": "CVE-2025-38457",
"initial_release_date": "2025-07-25T23:22:51Z",
"product_status:first_fixed": "2",
"product_status:known_affected": "791",
"product_status:recommended": "509",
"source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
"status": "interim",
"title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-38457",
"url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-38457.json",
"version": "54"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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