CVE-2025-27137 (GCVE-0-2025-27137)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-24 20:59 – Updated: 2025-02-25 14:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Dependency-Track vulnerable to local file inclusion via custom notification templates
Summary
Dependency-Track is a component analysis platform that allows organizations to identify and reduce risk in the software supply chain. Dependency-Track allows users with the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission to customize notification templates. Templates are evaluated using the Pebble template engine. Pebble supports an `include` tag, which allows template authors to include the content of arbitrary files upon evaluation. Prior to version 4.12.6, users of Dependency-Track with the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission can abuse the `include` tag by crafting notification templates that `include` sensitive local files, such as `/etc/passwd` or `/proc/1/environ`. By configuring such a template for a notification rule (aka "Alert"), and having it send notifications to a destination controlled by the actor, sensitive information may be leaked. The issue has been fixed in Dependency-Track 4.12.6. In fixed versions, the `include` tag can no longer be used. Usage of the tag will cause template evaluation to fail. As a workaround, avoid assigning the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission to untrusted users. The `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission per default is only granted to members of the `Administrators` team. Assigning this permission to non-administrative users or teams is a security risk in itself, and highly discouraged.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-25 14:34 UTC
CWE
- CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-tra… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/security-research/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/PebbleTemplates/pebble/issues/680 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-tra… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-tra… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://pebbletemplates.io/wiki/tag/include | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DependencyTrack | dependency-track |
Affected:
< 4.12.6
|
guessed |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-27137",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-02-25T14:34:43.617875Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-02-25T14:34:56.467Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "dependency-track",
"vendor": "DependencyTrack",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 4.12.6"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Dependency-Track is a component analysis platform that allows organizations to identify and reduce risk in the software supply chain. Dependency-Track allows users with the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission to customize notification templates. Templates are evaluated using the Pebble template engine. Pebble supports an `include` tag, which allows template authors to include the content of arbitrary files upon evaluation. Prior to version 4.12.6, users of Dependency-Track with the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission can abuse the `include` tag by crafting notification templates that `include` sensitive local files, such as `/etc/passwd` or `/proc/1/environ`. By configuring such a template for a notification rule (aka \"Alert\"), and having it send notifications to a destination controlled by the actor, sensitive information may be leaked. The issue has been fixed in Dependency-Track 4.12.6. In fixed versions, the `include` tag can no longer be used. Usage of the tag will cause template evaluation to fail. As a workaround, avoid assigning the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission to untrusted users. The `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission per default is only granted to members of the `Administrators` team. Assigning this permission to non-administrative users or teams is a security risk in itself, and highly discouraged."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 4.4,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-73",
"description": "CWE-73: External Control of File Name or Path",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-02-24T20:59:50.974Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/security/advisories/GHSA-9582-88hr-54w3",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/security/advisories/GHSA-9582-88hr-54w3"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/security-research/security/advisories/GHSA-p75g-cxfj-7wrx",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/security-research/security/advisories/GHSA-p75g-cxfj-7wrx"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/PebbleTemplates/pebble/issues/680",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/PebbleTemplates/pebble/issues/680"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/pull/4684",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/pull/4684"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/pull/4685",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/pull/4685"
},
{
"name": "https://pebbletemplates.io/wiki/tag/include",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://pebbletemplates.io/wiki/tag/include"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-9582-88hr-54w3",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Dependency-Track vulnerable to local file inclusion via custom notification templates"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-27137",
"datePublished": "2025-02-24T20:59:50.974Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-02-19T16:30:47.775Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-02-25T14:34:56.467Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2025-27137",
"date": "2026-09-16",
"epss": "0.00182",
"percentile": "0.08055"
},
"nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-27137\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"published\":\"2025-02-24T21:15:11.213\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-06-17T09:03:04.877\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Deferred\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Dependency-Track is a component analysis platform that allows organizations to identify and reduce risk in the software supply chain. Dependency-Track allows users with the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission to customize notification templates. Templates are evaluated using the Pebble template engine. Pebble supports an `include` tag, which allows template authors to include the content of arbitrary files upon evaluation. Prior to version 4.12.6, users of Dependency-Track with the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission can abuse the `include` tag by crafting notification templates that `include` sensitive local files, such as `/etc/passwd` or `/proc/1/environ`. By configuring such a template for a notification rule (aka \\\"Alert\\\"), and having it send notifications to a destination controlled by the actor, sensitive information may be leaked. The issue has been fixed in Dependency-Track 4.12.6. In fixed versions, the `include` tag can no longer be used. Usage of the tag will cause template evaluation to fail. As a workaround, avoid assigning the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission to untrusted users. The `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission per default is only granted to members of the `Administrators` team. Assigning this permission to non-administrative users or teams is a security risk in itself, and highly discouraged.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"Dependency-Track es una plataforma de an\u00e1lisis de componentes que permite a las organizaciones identificar y reducir el riesgo en la cadena de suministro de software. Dependency-Track permite a los usuarios con el permiso `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` personalizar las plantillas de notificaci\u00f3n. Las plantillas se eval\u00faan utilizando el motor de plantillas Pebble. Pebble admite una etiqueta `include`, que permite a los autores de plantillas incluir el contenido de archivos arbitrarios en la evaluaci\u00f3n. Antes de la versi\u00f3n 4.12.6, los usuarios de Dependency-Track con el permiso `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` pod\u00edan abusar de la etiqueta `include` creando plantillas de notificaci\u00f3n que `incluyen` archivos locales confidenciales, como `/etc/passwd` o `/proc/1/environ`. Al configurar una plantilla de este tipo para una regla de notificaci\u00f3n (tambi\u00e9n conocida como \\\"Alerta\\\") y hacer que env\u00ede notificaciones a un destino controlado por el actor, se puede filtrar informaci\u00f3n confidencial. El problema se ha solucionado en Dependency-Track 4.12.6. En las versiones corregidas, la etiqueta `include` ya no se puede utilizar. El uso de la etiqueta provocar\u00e1 un error en la evaluaci\u00f3n de la plantilla. Como workaround, evite asignar el permiso `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` a usuarios que no sean de confianza. El permiso `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` de forma predeterminada solo se otorga a los miembros del equipo `Administradores`. Asignar este permiso a usuarios o equipos que no sean administradores es un riesgo de seguridad en s\u00ed mismo y se desaconseja enf\u00e1ticamente.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"DependencyTrack\",\"product\":\"dependency-track\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"\u003c 4.12.6\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N\",\"baseScore\":4.4,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"HIGH\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"NONE\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":0.8,\"impactScore\":3.6}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2025-02-25T14:34:43.617875Z\",\"id\":\"CVE-2025-27137\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"poc\"},{\"automatable\":\"no\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"partial\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-73\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/pull/4684\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/pull/4685\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/security/advisories/GHSA-9582-88hr-54w3\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/security-research/security/advisories/GHSA-p75g-cxfj-7wrx\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/PebbleTemplates/pebble/issues/680\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://pebbletemplates.io/wiki/tag/include\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"}]}}",
"redhat_vex": {
"current_release_date": "2025-05-28T17:25:36+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-27137",
"id": "CVE-2025-27137",
"initial_release_date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "Dependency-Track vulnerable to local file inclusion via custom notification templates",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-27137.json",
"version": "3"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-27137\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"poc\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-02-25T14:34:43.617875Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-02-25T14:34:53.480Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"Dependency-Track vulnerable to local file inclusion via custom notification templates\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-9582-88hr-54w3\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 4.4, \"attackVector\": \"LOCAL\", \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N\", \"integrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"HIGH\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"DependencyTrack\", \"product\": \"dependency-track\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003c 4.12.6\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/security/advisories/GHSA-9582-88hr-54w3\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/security/advisories/GHSA-9582-88hr-54w3\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/security-research/security/advisories/GHSA-p75g-cxfj-7wrx\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/security-research/security/advisories/GHSA-p75g-cxfj-7wrx\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/PebbleTemplates/pebble/issues/680\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/PebbleTemplates/pebble/issues/680\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/pull/4684\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/pull/4684\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/pull/4685\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-track/pull/4685\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://pebbletemplates.io/wiki/tag/include\", \"name\": \"https://pebbletemplates.io/wiki/tag/include\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Dependency-Track is a component analysis platform that allows organizations to identify and reduce risk in the software supply chain. Dependency-Track allows users with the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission to customize notification templates. Templates are evaluated using the Pebble template engine. Pebble supports an `include` tag, which allows template authors to include the content of arbitrary files upon evaluation. Prior to version 4.12.6, users of Dependency-Track with the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission can abuse the `include` tag by crafting notification templates that `include` sensitive local files, such as `/etc/passwd` or `/proc/1/environ`. By configuring such a template for a notification rule (aka \\\"Alert\\\"), and having it send notifications to a destination controlled by the actor, sensitive information may be leaked. The issue has been fixed in Dependency-Track 4.12.6. In fixed versions, the `include` tag can no longer be used. Usage of the tag will cause template evaluation to fail. As a workaround, avoid assigning the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission to untrusted users. The `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission per default is only granted to members of the `Administrators` team. Assigning this permission to non-administrative users or teams is a security risk in itself, and highly discouraged.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-73\", \"description\": \"CWE-73: External Control of File Name or Path\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"shortName\": \"GitHub_M\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-02-24T20:59:50.974Z\"}}}",
"cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-27137\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-02-25T14:34:56.467Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-02-19T16:30:47.775Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-02-24T20:59:50.974Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
Loading…