CVE-2023-45666 (GCVE-0-2023-45666)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-20 23:26 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Possible double-free or memory leak in stbi__load_gif_main in stb_image
Summary
stb_image is a single file MIT licensed library for processing images. It may look like `stbi__load_gif_main` doesn’t give guarantees about the content of output value `*delays` upon failure. Although it sets `*delays` to zero at the beginning, it doesn’t do it in case the image is not recognized as GIF and a call to `stbi__load_gif_main_outofmem` only frees possibly allocated memory in `*delays` without resetting it to zero. Thus it would be fair to say the caller of `stbi__load_gif_main` is responsible to free the allocated memory in `*delays` only if `stbi__load_gif_main` returns a non null value. However at the same time the function may return null value, but fail to free the memory in `*delays` if internally `stbi__convert_format` is called and fails. Thus the issue may lead to a memory leak if the caller chooses to free `delays` only when `stbi__load_gif_main` didn’t fail or to a double-free if the `delays` is always freed
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-12 14:07 UTC
CWE
- CWE-415 - Double Free
Assigner
References
6 references
Impacted products
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However at the same time the function may return null value, but fail to free the memory in `*delays` if internally `stbi__convert_format` is called and fails. Thus the issue may lead to a memory leak if the caller chooses to free `delays` only when `stbi__load_gif_main` didn\u2019t fail or to a double-free if the `delays` is always freed\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"stb_image es una librer\u00eda con licencia MIT de un solo archivo para procesar im\u00e1genes. Puede parecer que `stbi__load_gif_main` no ofrece garant\u00edas sobre el contenido del valor de salida `*delays` en caso de falla. Aunque establece `*delays` en cero al principio, no lo hace en caso de que la imagen no se reconozca como GIF y una llamada a `stbi__load_gif_main_outofmem` solo libera la memoria posiblemente asignada en `*delays` sin restablecerla a cero. Por lo tanto, ser\u00eda justo decir que la persona que llama a `stbi__load_gif_main` es responsable de liberar la memoria asignada en `*delays` solo si `stbi__load_gif_main` devuelve un valor no nulo. Sin embargo, al mismo tiempo, la funci\u00f3n puede devolver un valor nulo, pero no puede liberar la memoria en `*delays` si internamente se llama a `stbi__convert_format` y falla. Por lo tanto, el problema puede provocar una p\u00e9rdida de memoria si la persona que llama elige liberar los \\\"delays\\\" solo cuando \\\"stbi__load_gif_main\\\" no fall\u00f3 o una doble liberaci\u00f3n si los \\\"delays\\\" siempre se liberan.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"nothings\",\"product\":\"stb\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"\u003c= 2.28\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]},{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"nothings\",\"product\":\"stb_image\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unknown\",\"cpes\":[\"cpe:2.3:a:nothings:stb_image:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\"],\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"2.28\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L\",\"baseScore\":7.3,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"LOW\",\"integrityImpact\":\"LOW\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"LOW\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":3.4},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":9.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":5.9}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2024-09-12T14:07:55.124467Z\",\"id\":\"CVE-2023-45666\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"poc\"},{\"automatable\":\"yes\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"partial\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-415\"}]},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-415\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:nothings:stb_image.h:2.28:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"76840B8F-81FC-4BC6-A92C-EBB978741DAB\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0ffb08dd38af21067c314d6a3aae9/stb_image.h#L6957\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0ffb08dd38af21067c314d6a3aae9/stb_image.h#L6962-L7045\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NMXKOKPP4BKTNUTF5KSRDQAWOUILQZNO/\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QVABVF4GEM6BYD5L4L64RCRSXUHY6LGN/\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UVQ7ONFH5GWLMXYEAJG32A3EUKUCEVCR/\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2023-145_GHSL-2023-151_stb_image_h/\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0ffb08dd38af21067c314d6a3aae9/stb_image.h#L6957\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0ffb08dd38af21067c314d6a3aae9/stb_image.h#L6962-L7045\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NMXKOKPP4BKTNUTF5KSRDQAWOUILQZNO/\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"},{\"url\":\"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QVABVF4GEM6BYD5L4L64RCRSXUHY6LGN/\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"},{\"url\":\"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UVQ7ONFH5GWLMXYEAJG32A3EUKUCEVCR/\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"},{\"url\":\"https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2023-145_GHSL-2023-151_stb_image_h/\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]}]}}",
"redhat_vex": {
"current_release_date": "2026-01-13T22:53:33+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2023-45666",
"id": "CVE-2023-45666",
"initial_release_date": "2023-10-21T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "stb: memory access violation",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2023/cve-2023-45666.json",
"version": "3"
},
"suse_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "important",
"current_release_date": "2025-12-19T01:19:26Z",
"cve": "CVE-2023-45666",
"id": "CVE-2023-45666",
"initial_release_date": "2024-06-04T12:28:34Z",
"source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
"status": "interim",
"title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2023-45666",
"url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2023-45666.json",
"version": "7"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CVE Program Container\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2023-145_GHSL-2023-151_stb_image_h/\", \"name\": \"https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2023-145_GHSL-2023-151_stb_image_h/\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\", \"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0ffb08dd38af21067c314d6a3aae9/stb_image.h#L6957\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0ffb08dd38af21067c314d6a3aae9/stb_image.h#L6957\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\", \"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0ffb08dd38af21067c314d6a3aae9/stb_image.h#L6962-L7045\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0ffb08dd38af21067c314d6a3aae9/stb_image.h#L6962-L7045\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\", \"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UVQ7ONFH5GWLMXYEAJG32A3EUKUCEVCR/\", \"tags\": [\"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QVABVF4GEM6BYD5L4L64RCRSXUHY6LGN/\", \"tags\": [\"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NMXKOKPP4BKTNUTF5KSRDQAWOUILQZNO/\", \"tags\": [\"x_transferred\"]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"shortName\": \"CVE\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2024-08-02T20:21:16.909Z\"}}, {\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2023-45666\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"poc\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"yes\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2024-09-12T14:07:55.124467Z\"}}}], \"affected\": [{\"cpes\": [\"cpe:2.3:a:nothings:stb_image:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\"], \"vendor\": \"nothings\", \"product\": \"stb_image\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"versionType\": \"custom\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"2.28\"}], \"defaultStatus\": \"unknown\"}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2024-09-12T15:15:20.649Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"Possible double-free or memory leak in stbi__load_gif_main in stb_image\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-7wj3-p7j4-9qvq\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 7.3, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L\", \"integrityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"LOW\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"nothings\", \"product\": \"stb\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003c= 2.28\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2023-145_GHSL-2023-151_stb_image_h/\", \"name\": \"https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2023-145_GHSL-2023-151_stb_image_h/\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0ffb08dd38af21067c314d6a3aae9/stb_image.h#L6957\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0ffb08dd38af21067c314d6a3aae9/stb_image.h#L6957\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0ffb08dd38af21067c314d6a3aae9/stb_image.h#L6962-L7045\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0ffb08dd38af21067c314d6a3aae9/stb_image.h#L6962-L7045\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UVQ7ONFH5GWLMXYEAJG32A3EUKUCEVCR/\"}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QVABVF4GEM6BYD5L4L64RCRSXUHY6LGN/\"}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NMXKOKPP4BKTNUTF5KSRDQAWOUILQZNO/\"}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"stb_image is a single file MIT licensed library for processing images. It may look like `stbi__load_gif_main` doesn\\u2019t give guarantees about the content of output value `*delays` upon failure. Although it sets `*delays` to zero at the beginning, it doesn\\u2019t do it in case the image is not recognized as GIF and a call to `stbi__load_gif_main_outofmem` only frees possibly allocated memory in `*delays` without resetting it to zero. Thus it would be fair to say the caller of `stbi__load_gif_main` is responsible to free the allocated memory in `*delays` only if `stbi__load_gif_main` returns a non null value. However at the same time the function may return null value, but fail to free the memory in `*delays` if internally `stbi__convert_format` is called and fails. 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"cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2023-45666\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-02-13T17:14:06.442Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2023-10-10T14:36:40.860Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2023-10-20T23:26:42.620Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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