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CVE-2021-46988 (GCVE-0-2021-46988)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-28 08:13 – Updated: 2026-05-11 13:45
VLAI
Title
userfaultfd: release page in error path to avoid BUG_ON
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: userfaultfd: release page in error path to avoid BUG_ON Consider the following sequence of events: 1. Userspace issues a UFFD ioctl, which ends up calling into shmem_mfill_atomic_pte(). We successfully account the blocks, we shmem_alloc_page(), but then the copy_from_user() fails. We return -ENOENT. We don't release the page we allocated. 2. Our caller detects this error code, tries the copy_from_user() after dropping the mmap_lock, and retries, calling back into shmem_mfill_atomic_pte(). 3. Meanwhile, let's say another process filled up the tmpfs being used. 4. So shmem_mfill_atomic_pte() fails to account blocks this time, and immediately returns - without releasing the page. This triggers a BUG_ON in our caller, which asserts that the page should always be consumed, unless -ENOENT is returned. To fix this, detect if we have such a "dangling" page when accounting fails, and if so, release it before returning.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-06-21 16:28 UTC
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: cb658a453b9327ce96ce5222c24d162b5b65b564 , < 319116227e52d49eee671f0aa278bac89b3c1b69 (git)
Affected: cb658a453b9327ce96ce5222c24d162b5b65b564 , < 07c9b834c97d0fa3402fb7f3f3b32df370a6ff1f (git)
Affected: cb658a453b9327ce96ce5222c24d162b5b65b564 , < b3f1731c6d7fbc1ebe3ed8eff6d6bec56d76ff43 (git)
Affected: cb658a453b9327ce96ce5222c24d162b5b65b564 , < 140cfd9980124aecb6c03ef2e69c72d0548744de (git)
Affected: cb658a453b9327ce96ce5222c24d162b5b65b564 , < ad53127973034c63b5348715a1043d0e80ceb330 (git)
Affected: cb658a453b9327ce96ce5222c24d162b5b65b564 , < 2d59a0ed8b26b8f3638d8afc31f839e27759f1f6 (git)
Affected: cb658a453b9327ce96ce5222c24d162b5b65b564 , < 7ed9d238c7dbb1fdb63ad96a6184985151b0171c (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.11
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.11 (semver)
Unaffected: 4.14.233 , ≤ 4.14.* (semver)
Unaffected: 4.19.191 , ≤ 4.19.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.4.120 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.38 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.11.22 , ≤ 5.11.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.12.5 , ≤ 5.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.13 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.12.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.12.5",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.13",
                  "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "cpeApplicability": [
            {
              "nodes": [
                {
                  "cpeMatch": [
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "4.14.233",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.11",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "4.19.191",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.11",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.120",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.11",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.38",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.11",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.11.22",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.11",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.12.5",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.11",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.13",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.11",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    }
                  ],
                  "negate": false,
                  "operator": "OR"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nuserfaultfd: release page in error path to avoid BUG_ON\n\nConsider the following sequence of events:\n\n1. Userspace issues a UFFD ioctl, which ends up calling into\n   shmem_mfill_atomic_pte(). We successfully account the blocks, we\n   shmem_alloc_page(), but then the copy_from_user() fails. We return\n   -ENOENT. We don\u0027t release the page we allocated.\n2. Our caller detects this error code, tries the copy_from_user() after\n   dropping the mmap_lock, and retries, calling back into\n   shmem_mfill_atomic_pte().\n3. Meanwhile, let\u0027s say another process filled up the tmpfs being used.\n4. So shmem_mfill_atomic_pte() fails to account blocks this time, and\n   immediately returns - without releasing the page.\n\nThis triggers a BUG_ON in our caller, which asserts that the page\nshould always be consumed, unless -ENOENT is returned.\n\nTo fix this, detect if we have such a \"dangling\" page when accounting\nfails, and if so, release it before returning."
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T13:45:47.021Z",
            "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "shortName": "Linux"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/319116227e52d49eee671f0aa278bac89b3c1b69"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/07c9b834c97d0fa3402fb7f3f3b32df370a6ff1f"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b3f1731c6d7fbc1ebe3ed8eff6d6bec56d76ff43"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/140cfd9980124aecb6c03ef2e69c72d0548744de"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ad53127973034c63b5348715a1043d0e80ceb330"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2d59a0ed8b26b8f3638d8afc31f839e27759f1f6"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ed9d238c7dbb1fdb63ad96a6184985151b0171c"
            }
          ],
          "title": "userfaultfd: release page in error path to avoid BUG_ON",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "cveId": "CVE-2021-46988",
        "datePublished": "2024-02-28T08:13:15.310Z",
        "dateReserved": "2024-02-27T18:42:55.948Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T13:45:47.021Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.