CVE-2021-28663 (GCVE-0-2021-28663)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-05-10 00:00 – Updated: 2025-10-21 23:25
VLAI CISA KEV KEVintel KEV
Summary
The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or information disclosure because GPU memory operations are mishandled, leading to a use-after-free. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, Valhall r19p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, and Midgard r4p0 through r30p0.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: active Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
arm bifrost_gpu_kernel_driver Affected: 0 , ≤ r28p0 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:arm:bifrost_gpu_kernel_driver:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
arm valhall_gpu_kernel_driver Affected: 0 , ≤ r28p0 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:arm:valhall_gpu_kernel_driver:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
arm midgard_gpu_kernel_driver Affected: 0 , ≤ r30p0 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:arm:midgard_gpu_kernel_driver:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
CISA KEV
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: dc390748-0edb-4e94-9082-36aca30caab0

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2021-28663

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2021-11-03 00:00 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Timestamps
First Seen: 2021-11-03
Asserted: 2021-11-03
Scope
Notes: KEV entry: Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Use-After-Free Vulnerability | Affected: Arm / Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) | Description: Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) kernel driver contains a use-after-free vulnerability that may allow a non-privileged user to make improper operations on GPU memory to gain root privilege, and/or disclose information. | Required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions. | Due date: 2021-11-17 | Known ransomware campaign use (KEV): Unknown | Notes (KEV): https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28663
Evidence

Type: Vendor Report

Signal: Successful Exploitation

Confidence: 80%

Source: cisa-kev

Details
Cwes CWE-416
Feed CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog
Product Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
Due Date 2021-11-17
Date Added 2021-11-03
Vendorproject Arm
Vulnerabilityname Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Use-After-Free Vulnerability
Knownransomwarecampaignuse Unknown
References
Created: 2026-02-02 12:28 UTC | Updated: 2026-02-06 07:17 UTC
KEVintel KEV
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 8eb4b66c-1560-49e4-873d-cc581b609330

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2021-28663

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2021-11-03 00:00 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Timestamps
First Seen: 2021-11-03
Asserted: 2021-11-03
Scope
Notes: KEVIntel entry: The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or information disclosure because GPU memory operations are mishandled, leading to a... | Affected: Arm / Mali GPU kernel driver | CVSS: 8.8 (HIGH) | Used in malware: unknown | Not yet in CISA KEV: False
Evidence

Type: Public Report

Signal: Successful Exploitation

Confidence: 70%

Source: kevintel

Details
Feed KEVIntel (kevintel.com)
Title The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or information disclosure because GPU memory operations are mishandled, leading to a...
Vendor Arm
Product Mali GPU kernel driver
Added Date 2021-11-03T00:00:00.000Z
Cvss Score 8.8
Epss Score None
Cvss Severity HIGH
Epss Percentile None
Used In Malware unknown
Ahead Of Cisa Kev None
Not Yet In Cisa Kev False
References
Created: 2026-06-19 12:47 UTC | Updated: 2026-06-19 12:47 UTC
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "affected": [
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:arm:bifrost_gpu_kernel_driver:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "bifrost_gpu_kernel_driver",
            "vendor": "arm",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "r28p0",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "0",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:arm:valhall_gpu_kernel_driver:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "valhall_gpu_kernel_driver",
            "vendor": "arm",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "r28p0",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "0",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:arm:midgard_gpu_kernel_driver:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "midgard_gpu_kernel_driver",
            "vendor": "arm",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "r30p0",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "0",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 8.8,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2021-28663",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "active"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2024-07-24T20:58:41.342252Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "dateAdded": "2021-11-03",
                "reference": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-28663"
              },
              "type": "kev"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-416",
                "description": "CWE-416 Use After Free",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-10-21T23:25:46.291Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "government-resource"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-28663"
          }
        ],
        "timeline": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "time": "2021-11-03T00:00:00.000Z",
            "value": "CVE-2021-28663 added to CISA KEV"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-03T21:47:33.122Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates/mali-gpu-kernel-driver"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/lntrx/CVE-2021-28663"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "n/a",
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "n/a"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or information disclosure because GPU memory operations are mishandled, leading to a use-after-free. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, Valhall r19p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, and Midgard r4p0 through r30p0."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "description": "n/a",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "text"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2023-02-23T00:00:00.000Z",
        "orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
        "shortName": "mitre"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates/mali-gpu-kernel-driver"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/lntrx/CVE-2021-28663"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
    "assignerShortName": "mitre",
    "cveId": "CVE-2021-28663",
    "datePublished": "2021-05-10T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2021-03-18T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-10-21T23:25:46.291Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "cisa_known_exploited": {
      "cveID": "CVE-2021-28663",
      "cwes": "[\"CWE-416\"]",
      "dateAdded": "2021-11-03",
      "dueDate": "2021-11-17",
      "knownRansomwareCampaignUse": "Unknown",
      "notes": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28663",
      "product": "Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)",
      "requiredAction": "Apply updates per vendor instructions.",
      "shortDescription": "Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) kernel driver contains a use-after-free vulnerability that may allow a non-privileged user to make improper operations on GPU memory to gain root privilege, and/or disclose information.",
      "vendorProject": "Arm",
      "vulnerabilityName": "Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Use-After-Free Vulnerability"
    },
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2021-28663",
      "date": "2026-06-19",
      "epss": "0.12084",
      "percentile": "0.95614"
    },
    "fkie_nvd": {
      "cisaActionDue": "2021-11-17",
      "cisaExploitAdd": "2021-11-03",
      "cisaRequiredAction": "Apply updates per vendor instructions.",
      "cisaVulnerabilityName": "Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Use-After-Free Vulnerability",
      "configurations": "[{\"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:arm:bifrost_gpu_kernel_driver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"r0p0\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"r29p0\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"D4A585CF-8557-4660-BD0B-EAE94D1BF8A2\"}, {\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:arm:midgard_gpu_kernel_driver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"r4p0\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"r31p0\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"6E1FE39A-BD55-4C5F-BBAA-1138340F8329\"}, {\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:arm:valhall_gpu_kernel_driver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"r19p0\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"r29p0\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"AA218DCD-3CAF-4A64-BE97-F7E4916D9C6F\"}]}]}]",
      "descriptions": "[{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or information disclosure because GPU memory operations are mishandled, leading to a use-after-free. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, Valhall r19p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, and Midgard r4p0 through r30p0.\"}, {\"lang\": \"es\", \"value\": \"El controlador del kernel de Arm Mali GPU, permite una escalada de privilegios o una divulgaci\\u00f3n de informaci\\u00f3n porque las operaciones de la memoria de la GPU son manejadas inapropiadamente, conllevando a un uso de la memoria previamente liberada.\u0026#xa0;Esto afecta a Bifrost versiones r0p0 hasta r28p0, anteriores a r29p0, Valhall versiones r19p0 hasta r28p0 anteriores a r29p0 y Midgard versiones r4p0 hasta r30p0\"}]",
      "id": "CVE-2021-28663",
      "lastModified": "2024-11-21T06:00:03.530",
      "metrics": "{\"cvssMetricV31\": [{\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"baseScore\": 8.8, \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}, \"exploitabilityScore\": 2.8, \"impactScore\": 5.9}, {\"source\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"type\": \"Secondary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"baseScore\": 8.8, \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}, \"exploitabilityScore\": 2.8, \"impactScore\": 5.9}], \"cvssMetricV2\": [{\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"2.0\", \"vectorString\": \"AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C\", \"baseScore\": 9.0, \"accessVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"accessComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"authentication\": \"SINGLE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"COMPLETE\", \"integrityImpact\": \"COMPLETE\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"COMPLETE\"}, \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"exploitabilityScore\": 8.0, \"impactScore\": 10.0, \"acInsufInfo\": false, \"obtainAllPrivilege\": false, \"obtainUserPrivilege\": false, \"obtainOtherPrivilege\": false, \"userInteractionRequired\": false}]}",
      "published": "2021-05-10T15:15:07.557",
      "references": "[{\"url\": \"https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates\", \"source\": \"cve@mitre.org\", \"tags\": [\"Vendor Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates/mali-gpu-kernel-driver\", \"source\": \"cve@mitre.org\", \"tags\": [\"Vendor Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/lntrx/CVE-2021-28663\", \"source\": \"cve@mitre.org\", \"tags\": [\"Exploit\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Vendor Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates/mali-gpu-kernel-driver\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Vendor Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/lntrx/CVE-2021-28663\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Exploit\"]}]",
      "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org",
      "vulnStatus": "Modified",
      "weaknesses": "[{\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"description\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"CWE-416\"}]}, {\"source\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"type\": \"Secondary\", \"description\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"CWE-416\"}]}]"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2021-28663\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"published\":\"2021-05-10T15:15:07.557\",\"lastModified\":\"2025-11-03T15:16:38.717\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or information disclosure because GPU memory operations are mishandled, leading to a use-after-free. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, Valhall r19p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, and Midgard r4p0 through r30p0.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"El controlador del kernel de Arm Mali GPU, permite una escalada de privilegios o una divulgaci\u00f3n de informaci\u00f3n porque las operaciones de la memoria de la GPU son manejadas inapropiadamente, conllevando a un uso de la memoria previamente liberada.\u0026#xa0;Esto afecta a Bifrost versiones r0p0 hasta r28p0, anteriores a r29p0, Valhall versiones r19p0 hasta r28p0 anteriores a r29p0 y Midgard versiones r4p0 hasta r30p0\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":8.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.8,\"impactScore\":5.9},{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":8.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}],\"cvssMetricV2\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"2.0\",\"vectorString\":\"AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C\",\"baseScore\":9.0,\"accessVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"accessComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"authentication\":\"SINGLE\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"COMPLETE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"COMPLETE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"COMPLETE\"},\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"exploitabilityScore\":8.0,\"impactScore\":10.0,\"acInsufInfo\":false,\"obtainAllPrivilege\":false,\"obtainUserPrivilege\":false,\"obtainOtherPrivilege\":false,\"userInteractionRequired\":false}]},\"cisaExploitAdd\":\"2021-11-03\",\"cisaActionDue\":\"2021-11-17\",\"cisaRequiredAction\":\"Apply updates per vendor instructions.\",\"cisaVulnerabilityName\":\"Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Use-After-Free Vulnerability\",\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-416\"}]},{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-416\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:arm:bifrost_gpu_kernel_driver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"r0p0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"r29p0\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D4A585CF-8557-4660-BD0B-EAE94D1BF8A2\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:arm:midgard_gpu_kernel_driver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"r4p0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"r31p0\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"6E1FE39A-BD55-4C5F-BBAA-1138340F8329\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:arm:valhall_gpu_kernel_driver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"r19p0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"r29p0\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"AA218DCD-3CAF-4A64-BE97-F7E4916D9C6F\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates/mali-gpu-kernel-driver\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/lntrx/CVE-2021-28663\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\"]},{\"url\":\"https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates/mali-gpu-kernel-driver\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/lntrx/CVE-2021-28663\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-28663\",\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"tags\":[\"US Government Resource\"]}]}}",
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CVE Program Container\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates\", \"tags\": [\"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates/mali-gpu-kernel-driver\", \"tags\": [\"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/lntrx/CVE-2021-28663\", \"tags\": [\"x_transferred\"]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"shortName\": \"CVE\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2024-08-03T21:47:33.122Z\"}}, {\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 8.8, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2021-28663\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"active\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2024-07-24T20:58:41.342252Z\"}}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"kev\", \"content\": {\"dateAdded\": \"2021-11-03\", \"reference\": \"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-28663\"}}}], \"affected\": [{\"cpes\": [\"cpe:2.3:a:arm:bifrost_gpu_kernel_driver:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\"], \"vendor\": \"arm\", \"product\": \"bifrost_gpu_kernel_driver\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"versionType\": \"custom\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"r28p0\"}], \"defaultStatus\": \"unknown\"}, {\"cpes\": [\"cpe:2.3:a:arm:valhall_gpu_kernel_driver:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\"], \"vendor\": \"arm\", \"product\": \"valhall_gpu_kernel_driver\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"versionType\": \"custom\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"r28p0\"}], \"defaultStatus\": \"unknown\"}, {\"cpes\": [\"cpe:2.3:a:arm:midgard_gpu_kernel_driver:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\"], \"vendor\": \"arm\", \"product\": \"midgard_gpu_kernel_driver\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"versionType\": \"custom\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"r30p0\"}], \"defaultStatus\": \"unknown\"}], \"timeline\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"time\": \"2021-11-03T00:00:00.000Z\", \"value\": \"CVE-2021-28663 added to CISA KEV\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-28663\", \"tags\": [\"government-resource\"]}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-416\", \"description\": \"CWE-416 Use After Free\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2024-07-24T21:01:38.592Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"n/a\", \"product\": \"n/a\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"n/a\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates\"}, {\"url\": \"https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates/mali-gpu-kernel-driver\"}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/lntrx/CVE-2021-28663\"}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or information disclosure because GPU memory operations are mishandled, leading to a use-after-free. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, Valhall r19p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, and Midgard r4p0 through r30p0.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"text\", \"description\": \"n/a\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca\", \"shortName\": \"mitre\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2023-02-23T00:00:00.000Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2021-28663\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-10-21T23:25:46.291Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2021-03-18T00:00:00.000Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca\", \"datePublished\": \"2021-05-10T00:00:00.000Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"mitre\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.