Vulnerability-Lookup

ALSA-2026:21556

Vulnerability from osv_almalinux – Published: 2026-05-28 00:00 – Updated: 2026-06-07 22:24 – Source website

Summary

Important: kernel security update

Details

The kernel packages contain the Linux kernel, the core of any Linux operating system.

Security Fix(es):

kernel: proc: use the same treatment to check proc_lseek as ones for proc_read_iter et.al (CVE-2025-38653)
kernel: ima: don't clear IMA_DIGSIG flag when setting or removing non-IMA xattr (CVE-2025-68183)
kernel: nbd: defer config unlock in nbd_genl_connect (CVE-2025-68366)
kernel: crypto: asymmetric_keys - prevent overflow in asymmetric_key_generate_id (CVE-2025-68724)
kernel: iommu: disable SVA when CONFIG_X86 is set (CVE-2025-71089)
kernel: netfilter: nf_tables: release flowtable after rcu grace period on error (CVE-2026-23392)
kernel: netfilter: nf_conntrack_h323: check for zero length in DecodeQ931() (CVE-2026-23455)
kernel: Bluetooth: SCO: Fix use-after-free in sco_recv_frame() due to missing sock_hold (CVE-2026-31408)
kernel: net: sched: act_csum: validate nested VLAN headers (CVE-2026-31684)
kernel: netfilter: ip6t_eui64: reject invalid MAC header for all packets (CVE-2026-31685)
kernel: netfilter: nf_conntrack_helper: pass helper to expect cleanup (CVE-2026-43027)
kernel: Bluetooth: MGMT: validate LTK enc_size on load (CVE-2026-43020)
kernel: HID: wacom: fix out-of-bounds read in wacom_intuos_bt_irq (CVE-2026-43051)
kernel: smb: client: validate the whole DACL before rewriting it in cifsacl (CVE-2026-31709)
kernel: Bluetooth: SCO: fix race conditions in sco_sock_connect() (CVE-2026-43023)
kernel: wifi: brcmfmac: validate bsscfg indices in IF events (CVE-2026-43110)
kernel: netfilter: xt_tcpmss: check remaining length before reading optlen (CVE-2026-43190)
kernel: xfs: fix freemap adjustments when adding xattrs to leaf blocks (CVE-2026-43158)
kernel: mm/page_alloc: clear page->private in free_pages_prepare() (CVE-2026-43303)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

References

URL

Type

	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21556	ADVISORY
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-38653	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-68183	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-68366	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-68724	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-71089	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-23392	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-23455	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-31408	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-31684	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-31685	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-31709	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43020	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43023	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43027	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43051	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43110	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43158	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43190	REPORT
	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43303	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2390372	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2422699	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2424881	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2424886	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2429104	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2451218	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2454810	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2455334	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2461757	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2461759	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2464369	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2464455	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2464462	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2464476	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2464496	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2467014	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2467064	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2467210	REPORT
	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2468091	REPORT
	https://errata.almalinux.org/9/ALSA-2026-21556.html	ADVISORY

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-64k"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-64k-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-64k-debug"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-64k-debug-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-64k-debug-devel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-64k-debug-modules"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-64k-debug-modules-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-64k-debug-modules-extra"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-64k-devel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-64k-devel-matched"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-64k-modules"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-64k-modules-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-64k-modules-extra"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-abi-stablelists"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-cross-headers"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-debug"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-debug-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-debug-devel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-debug-devel-matched"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-debug-modules"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-debug-modules-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-debug-modules-extra"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-debug-uki-virt"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-devel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-devel-matched"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-doc"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-headers"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-modules"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-modules-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-modules-extra"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-64k"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-64k-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-64k-debug"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-64k-debug-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-64k-debug-devel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-64k-debug-modules"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-64k-debug-modules-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-64k-debug-modules-extra"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-64k-devel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-64k-modules"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-64k-modules-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-64k-modules-extra"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-debug"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-debug-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-debug-devel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-debug-modules"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-debug-modules-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-debug-modules-extra"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-devel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-modules"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-modules-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-rt-modules-extra"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-tools"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-tools-libs"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-tools-libs-devel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-uki-virt"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-uki-virt-addons"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-zfcpdump"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-zfcpdump-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-zfcpdump-devel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-zfcpdump-devel-matched"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-zfcpdump-modules"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-zfcpdump-modules-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "kernel-zfcpdump-modules-extra"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "libperf"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "perf"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "python3-perf"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "rtla"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:9",
        "name": "rv"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.14.0-687.12.1.el9_8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "details": "The kernel packages contain the Linux kernel, the core of any Linux operating system.  \n\nSecurity Fix(es):  \n\n  * kernel: proc: use the same treatment to check proc_lseek as ones for proc_read_iter et.al (CVE-2025-38653)\n  * kernel: ima: don\u0027t clear IMA_DIGSIG flag when setting or removing non-IMA xattr (CVE-2025-68183)\n  * kernel: nbd: defer config unlock in nbd_genl_connect (CVE-2025-68366)\n  * kernel: crypto: asymmetric_keys - prevent overflow in asymmetric_key_generate_id (CVE-2025-68724)\n  * kernel: iommu: disable SVA when CONFIG_X86 is set (CVE-2025-71089)\n  * kernel: netfilter: nf_tables: release flowtable after rcu grace period on error (CVE-2026-23392)\n  * kernel: netfilter: nf_conntrack_h323: check for zero length in DecodeQ931() (CVE-2026-23455)\n  * kernel: Bluetooth: SCO: Fix use-after-free in sco_recv_frame() due to missing sock_hold (CVE-2026-31408)\n  * kernel: net: sched: act_csum: validate nested VLAN headers (CVE-2026-31684)\n  * kernel: netfilter: ip6t_eui64: reject invalid MAC header for all packets (CVE-2026-31685)\n  * kernel: netfilter: nf_conntrack_helper: pass helper to expect cleanup (CVE-2026-43027)\n  * kernel: Bluetooth: MGMT: validate LTK enc_size on load (CVE-2026-43020)\n  * kernel: HID: wacom: fix out-of-bounds read in wacom_intuos_bt_irq (CVE-2026-43051)\n  * kernel: smb: client: validate the whole DACL before rewriting it in cifsacl (CVE-2026-31709)\n  * kernel: Bluetooth: SCO: fix race conditions in sco_sock_connect() (CVE-2026-43023)\n  * kernel: wifi: brcmfmac: validate bsscfg indices in IF events (CVE-2026-43110)\n  * kernel: netfilter: xt_tcpmss: check remaining length before reading optlen (CVE-2026-43190)\n  * kernel: xfs: fix freemap adjustments when adding xattrs to leaf blocks (CVE-2026-43158)\n  * kernel: mm/page_alloc: clear page-\u003eprivate in free_pages_prepare() (CVE-2026-43303)\n\n\nFor more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.\n",
  "id": "ALSA-2026:21556",
  "modified": "2026-06-07T22:24:44Z",
  "published": "2026-05-28T00:00:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21556"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-38653"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-68183"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-68366"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-68724"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-71089"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-23392"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-23455"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-31408"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-31684"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-31685"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-31709"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43020"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43023"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43027"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43051"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43110"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43158"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43190"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43303"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2390372"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2422699"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2424881"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2424886"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2429104"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2451218"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2454810"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2455334"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2461757"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2461759"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2464369"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2464455"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2464462"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2464476"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2464496"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2467014"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2467064"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2467210"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2468091"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://errata.almalinux.org/9/ALSA-2026-21556.html"
    }
  ],
  "related": [
    "CVE-2025-38653",
    "CVE-2025-68183",
    "CVE-2025-68366",
    "CVE-2025-68724",
    "CVE-2025-71089",
    "CVE-2026-23392",
    "CVE-2026-23455",
    "CVE-2026-31408",
    "CVE-2026-31684",
    "CVE-2026-31685",
    "CVE-2026-43027",
    "CVE-2026-43020",
    "CVE-2026-43051",
    "CVE-2026-31709",
    "CVE-2026-43023",
    "CVE-2026-43110",
    "CVE-2026-43190",
    "CVE-2026-43158",
    "CVE-2026-43303"
  ],
  "summary": "Important: kernel security update"
}

CVE-2025-38653 (GCVE-0-2025-38653)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-22 16:00 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:03

Title

proc: use the same treatment to check proc_lseek as ones for proc_read_iter et.al

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: proc: use the same treatment to check proc_lseek as ones for proc_read_iter et.al Check pde->proc_ops->proc_lseek directly may cause UAF in rmmod scenario. It's a gap in proc_reg_open() after commit 654b33ada4ab("proc: fix UAF in proc_get_inode()"). Followed by AI Viro's suggestion, fix it in same manner.

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

7 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c35b0feb80b48720d…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/33c778ea0bd0fa62f…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fc1072d934f687e12…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d136502e04d8853a9…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1fccbfbae1dd36198…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ff7ec8dc1b646296f…
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 3f61631d47f115b83c935d0039f95cb68b0c8ab7 , < c35b0feb80b48720dfbbf4e33759c7be3faaebb6 (git) Affected: 3f61631d47f115b83c935d0039f95cb68b0c8ab7 , < 33c778ea0bd0fa62ff590497e72562ff90f82b13 (git) Affected: 3f61631d47f115b83c935d0039f95cb68b0c8ab7 , < fc1072d934f687e1221d685cf1a49a5068318f34 (git) Affected: 3f61631d47f115b83c935d0039f95cb68b0c8ab7 , < d136502e04d8853a9aecb335d07bbefd7a1519a8 (git) Affected: 3f61631d47f115b83c935d0039f95cb68b0c8ab7 , < 1fccbfbae1dd36198dc47feac696563244ad81d3 (git) Affected: 3f61631d47f115b83c935d0039f95cb68b0c8ab7 , < ff7ec8dc1b646296f8d94c39339e8d3833d16c05 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 6.0 Unaffected: 0 , < 6.0 (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.148 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.102 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.42 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.15.10 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.16.1 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T17:40:46.576Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "fs/proc/generic.c",
            "fs/proc/inode.c",
            "fs/proc/internal.h",
            "include/linux/proc_fs.h"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "c35b0feb80b48720dfbbf4e33759c7be3faaebb6",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3f61631d47f115b83c935d0039f95cb68b0c8ab7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "33c778ea0bd0fa62ff590497e72562ff90f82b13",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3f61631d47f115b83c935d0039f95cb68b0c8ab7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "fc1072d934f687e1221d685cf1a49a5068318f34",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3f61631d47f115b83c935d0039f95cb68b0c8ab7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "d136502e04d8853a9aecb335d07bbefd7a1519a8",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3f61631d47f115b83c935d0039f95cb68b0c8ab7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "1fccbfbae1dd36198dc47feac696563244ad81d3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3f61631d47f115b83c935d0039f95cb68b0c8ab7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "ff7ec8dc1b646296f8d94c39339e8d3833d16c05",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3f61631d47f115b83c935d0039f95cb68b0c8ab7",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "fs/proc/generic.c",
            "fs/proc/inode.c",
            "fs/proc/internal.h",
            "include/linux/proc_fs.h"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.0"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.0",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.148",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.102",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.42",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15.10",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.16.1",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.148",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.102",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.42",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.15.10",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.1",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.17",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nproc: use the same treatment to check proc_lseek as ones for proc_read_iter et.al\n\nCheck pde-\u003eproc_ops-\u003eproc_lseek directly may cause UAF in rmmod scenario. \nIt\u0027s a gap in proc_reg_open() after commit 654b33ada4ab(\"proc: fix UAF in\nproc_get_inode()\").  Followed by AI Viro\u0027s suggestion, fix it in same\nmanner."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached through the open(2) syscall on a procfs entry, requiring local access to the system. There is no network-facing path to proc_reg_open().\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls their side of the race and can spin unbounded threads on open(), while widening the lookup-to-open window with memory pressure since proc_get_inode() allocates GFP_KERNEL; on Android/embedded targets the module-teardown side is also reachable by toggling user-facing device state (WiFi/BT/camera), so the race can be provoked at will.\nPR:L - Any unprivileged local user can open a world-readable module-created /proc entry (e.g. /proc/net/*, /proc/scsi/*, /proc/driver/*); the unguarded dereference happens before any capability or use_pde() gate.\nUI:N - The attacker\u0027s own open() performs the faulty dereference; no victim needs to open a file, mount a filesystem, or otherwise interact.\nS:U - The use-after-free occurs in kernel memory and its impact stays within the kernel\u0027s own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - This is a use-after-free read of freed module memory through a dangling pde-\u003eproc_ops pointer, and freed-region contents that an attacker can groom (by triggering module loads that recycle the region) are consumed by the kernel and leak back through the resulting FMODE_LSEEK state.\nI:H - Use-after-free of a function-pointer table entry means kernel control-flow-relevant data is read from memory whose contents an attacker may influence via heap/module-region grooming, and such UAF conditions are treated as exploitable for corruption of kernel state.\nA:H - The dereference targets vmalloc-backed module memory that is unmapped on free, producing the same kernel page-fault oops documented in the companion fix 654b33ada4ab; the crash can be retriggered on every module unload."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:03:41.738Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c35b0feb80b48720dfbbf4e33759c7be3faaebb6"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/33c778ea0bd0fa62ff590497e72562ff90f82b13"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fc1072d934f687e1221d685cf1a49a5068318f34"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d136502e04d8853a9aecb335d07bbefd7a1519a8"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1fccbfbae1dd36198dc47feac696563244ad81d3"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ff7ec8dc1b646296f8d94c39339e8d3833d16c05"
        }
      ],
      "title": "proc: use the same treatment to check proc_lseek as ones for proc_read_iter et.al",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-38653",
    "datePublished": "2025-08-22T16:00:57.413Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.030Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:03:41.738Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2025-68183 (GCVE-0-2025-68183)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-16 13:43 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:10

Title

ima: don't clear IMA_DIGSIG flag when setting or removing non-IMA xattr

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ima: don't clear IMA_DIGSIG flag when setting or removing non-IMA xattr Currently when both IMA and EVM are in fix mode, the IMA signature will be reset to IMA hash if a program first stores IMA signature in security.ima and then writes/removes some other security xattr for the file. For example, on Fedora, after booting the kernel with "ima_appraise=fix evm=fix ima_policy=appraise_tcb" and installing rpm-plugin-ima, installing/reinstalling a package will not make good reference IMA signature generated. Instead IMA hash is generated, # getfattr -m - -d -e hex /usr/bin/bash # file: usr/bin/bash security.ima=0x0404... This happens because when setting security.selinux, the IMA_DIGSIG flag that had been set early was cleared. As a result, IMA hash is generated when the file is closed. Similarly, IMA signature can be cleared on file close after removing security xattr like security.evm or setting/removing ACL. Prevent replacing the IMA file signature with a file hash, by preventing the IMA_DIGSIG flag from being reset. Here's a minimal C reproducer which sets security.selinux as the last step which can also replaced by removing security.evm or setting ACL, #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/xattr.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main() { const char* file_path = "/usr/sbin/test_binary"; const char* hex_string = "030204d33204490066306402304"; int length = strlen(hex_string); char* ima_attr_value; int fd; fd = open(file_path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0644); if (fd == -1) { perror("Error opening file"); return 1; } ima_attr_value = (char*)malloc(length / 2 ); for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < length; i += 2, j++) { sscanf(hex_string + i, "%2hhx", &ima_attr_value[j]); } if (fsetxattr(fd, "security.ima", ima_attr_value, length/2, 0) == -1) { perror("Error setting extended attribute"); close(fd); return 1; } const char* selinux_value= "system_u:object_r:bin_t:s0"; if (fsetxattr(fd, "security.selinux", selinux_value, strlen(selinux_value), 0) == -1) { perror("Error setting extended attribute"); close(fd); return 1; } close(fd); return 0; }

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d2993a7e98eb70c73…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/edd824eb45e4f7e05…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/02aa671c08a4834be…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/88b4cbcf6b041ae0f…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: e3ccfe1ad7d895487977ef64eda3441d16c9851a , < d2993a7e98eb70c737c6f5365a190e79c72b8407 (git) Affected: e3ccfe1ad7d895487977ef64eda3441d16c9851a , < edd824eb45e4f7e05ad3ab090dab6dbdb79cd292 (git) Affected: e3ccfe1ad7d895487977ef64eda3441d16c9851a , < 02aa671c08a4834bef5166743a7b88686fbfa023 (git) Affected: e3ccfe1ad7d895487977ef64eda3441d16c9851a , < 88b4cbcf6b041ae0f2fc8a34554a5b6a83a2b7cd (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 5.14 Unaffected: 0 , < 5.14 (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.117 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.58 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17.8 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "security/integrity/ima/ima_appraise.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "d2993a7e98eb70c737c6f5365a190e79c72b8407",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3ccfe1ad7d895487977ef64eda3441d16c9851a",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "edd824eb45e4f7e05ad3ab090dab6dbdb79cd292",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3ccfe1ad7d895487977ef64eda3441d16c9851a",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "02aa671c08a4834bef5166743a7b88686fbfa023",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3ccfe1ad7d895487977ef64eda3441d16c9851a",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "88b4cbcf6b041ae0f2fc8a34554a5b6a83a2b7cd",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3ccfe1ad7d895487977ef64eda3441d16c9851a",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "security/integrity/ima/ima_appraise.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.14"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.14",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.117",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.58",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17.8",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.117",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.14",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.58",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.14",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.17.8",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.14",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.14",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nima: don\u0027t clear IMA_DIGSIG flag when setting or removing non-IMA xattr\n\nCurrently when both IMA and EVM are in fix mode, the IMA signature will\nbe reset to IMA hash if a program first stores IMA signature in\nsecurity.ima and then writes/removes some other security xattr for the\nfile.\n\nFor example, on Fedora, after booting the kernel with \"ima_appraise=fix\nevm=fix ima_policy=appraise_tcb\" and installing rpm-plugin-ima,\ninstalling/reinstalling a package will not make good reference IMA\nsignature generated. Instead IMA hash is generated,\n\n    # getfattr -m - -d -e hex /usr/bin/bash\n    # file: usr/bin/bash\n    security.ima=0x0404...\n\nThis happens because when setting security.selinux, the IMA_DIGSIG flag\nthat had been set early was cleared. As a result, IMA hash is generated\nwhen the file is closed.\n\nSimilarly, IMA signature can be cleared on file close after removing\nsecurity xattr like security.evm or setting/removing ACL.\n\nPrevent replacing the IMA file signature with a file hash, by preventing\nthe IMA_DIGSIG flag from being reset.\n\nHere\u0027s a minimal C reproducer which sets security.selinux as the last\nstep which can also replaced by removing security.evm or setting ACL,\n\n    #include \u003cstdio.h\u003e\n    #include \u003csys/xattr.h\u003e\n    #include \u003cfcntl.h\u003e\n    #include \u003cunistd.h\u003e\n    #include \u003cstring.h\u003e\n    #include \u003cstdlib.h\u003e\n\n    int main() {\n        const char* file_path = \"/usr/sbin/test_binary\";\n        const char* hex_string = \"030204d33204490066306402304\";\n        int length = strlen(hex_string);\n        char* ima_attr_value;\n        int fd;\n\n        fd = open(file_path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0644);\n        if (fd == -1) {\n            perror(\"Error opening file\");\n            return 1;\n        }\n\n        ima_attr_value = (char*)malloc(length / 2 );\n        for (int i = 0, j = 0; i \u003c length; i += 2, j++) {\n            sscanf(hex_string + i, \"%2hhx\", \u0026ima_attr_value[j]);\n        }\n\n        if (fsetxattr(fd, \"security.ima\", ima_attr_value, length/2, 0) == -1) {\n            perror(\"Error setting extended attribute\");\n            close(fd);\n            return 1;\n        }\n\n        const char* selinux_value= \"system_u:object_r:bin_t:s0\";\n        if (fsetxattr(fd, \"security.selinux\", selinux_value, strlen(selinux_value), 0) == -1) {\n            perror(\"Error setting extended attribute\");\n            close(fd);\n            return 1;\n        }\n\n        close(fd);\n\n        return 0;\n    }"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - Triggering requires local syscalls against a file on the system \u2014 `setxattr`/`fsetxattr` on an EVM-protected xattr, `setfacl`, or `fremovexattr` \u2014 followed by an open/close of the target file. No network, adjacent-network, or physical path reaches the IMA appraisal hooks.\nAC:L - The commit ships a deterministic reproducer: setting any EVM-protected xattr or a POSIX ACL unconditionally clears IMA_DIGSIG every time, with no memory-layout or timing luck involved. The enforce-mode variant needs a race against `process_measurement()`\u0027s `MAY_WRITE` check, but `ima_reset_appraise_flags()` takes no `iint-\u003emutex`, and the attacker drives both sides (one thread spinning on `setxattr(\"system.posix_acl_access\")`, another on `open(O_WRONLY)`); the required IMA-appraise + EVM configuration is a shipped, supported Fedora/RHEL setup, not a rare build option.\nPR:L - `vfs_set_acl()` invokes `security_inode_set_acl()` \u2192 `ima_inode_set_acl()` \u2192 `ima_reset_appraise_flags(inode, 0)` before `set_posix_acl()` ever reaches its `inode_owner_or_capable()` check, so an unprivileged user with no capabilities and no ownership of the file clears the cached IMA_DIGSIG bit on any signed appraised binary \u2014 the syscall fails with -EPERM only after the flag is already gone. No CAP_SYS_ADMIN is needed for this path, unlike the `security.ima` path guarded by `ima_protect_xattr()`.\nUI:N - The attacker performs the xattr/ACL operation and the file open/close entirely from their own process; no victim must mount a filesystem, open a file, or take any other action for the IMA_DIGSIG flag to be cleared and the signature to be replaced.\nS:U - The defeated control (IMA appraisal) and the affected resources (files and their security xattrs) live in the same kernel security authority; no VM, hypervisor, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - Clearing IMA_DIGSIG both drops the \"signed files cannot be opened for write\" enforcement at `ima_main.c:472` and lets `ima_update_xattr()` re-bless the modified content with a fresh hash plus EVM HMAC, so attacker-substituted content in an appraised executable passes appraisal and subsequently runs \u2014 typically in a privileged/service context \u2014 yielding full disclosure of data reachable by that code. This is the standard treatment of a code-integrity/signature-verification bypass; the bug itself contains no direct memory-read primitive.\nI:H - The file\u0027s IMA digital signature \u2014 the one integrity artifact a local attacker cannot forge, since it is verified against the trusted IMA keyring \u2014 is silently destroyed and replaced by a locally computed hash written through `__vfs_setxattr_noperm()`, which bypasses the `CAP_SYS_ADMIN` gate in `ima_protect_xattr()`. Combined with the lost write-block, this converts \"signed and immutable\" into \"mutable and re-blessed on close\", a complete integrity bypass of IMA appraisal for the affected file.\nA:H - Once a signature is replaced by a plain hash, any policy carrying IMA_DIGSIG_REQUIRED (`appraise_type=imasig`) rejects that file in enforce mode, so appraised binaries become permanently unexecutable \u2014 applied to system-critical files such as init, sshd, or libc consumers this denies service and can leave the system unbootable, and the corrupted xattr persists on disk until the file is re-signed out of band."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:10:06.378Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d2993a7e98eb70c737c6f5365a190e79c72b8407"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/edd824eb45e4f7e05ad3ab090dab6dbdb79cd292"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/02aa671c08a4834bef5166743a7b88686fbfa023"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/88b4cbcf6b041ae0f2fc8a34554a5b6a83a2b7cd"
        }
      ],
      "title": "ima: don\u0027t clear IMA_DIGSIG flag when setting or removing non-IMA xattr",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-68183",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-16T13:43:01.178Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-16T13:41:40.252Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:10:06.378Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2025-68366 (GCVE-0-2025-68366)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-24 10:32 – Updated: 2026-06-16 19:12

Title

nbd: defer config unlock in nbd_genl_connect

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nbd: defer config unlock in nbd_genl_connect There is one use-after-free warning when running NBD_CMD_CONNECT and NBD_CLEAR_SOCK: nbd_genl_connect nbd_alloc_and_init_config // config_refs=1 nbd_start_device // config_refs=2 set NBD_RT_HAS_CONFIG_REF open nbd // config_refs=3 recv_work done // config_refs=2 NBD_CLEAR_SOCK // config_refs=1 close nbd // config_refs=0 refcount_inc -> uaf ------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 24 PID: 1014 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0x12e/0x290 nbd_genl_connect+0x16d0/0x1ab0 genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0x1f3/0x310 genl_rcv_msg+0x44a/0x790 The issue can be easily reproduced by adding a small delay before refcount_inc(&nbd->config_refs) in nbd_genl_connect(): mutex_unlock(&nbd->config_lock); if (!ret) { set_bit(NBD_RT_HAS_CONFIG_REF, &config->runtime_flags); + printk("before sleep\n"); + mdelay(5 * 1000); + printk("after sleep\n"); refcount_inc(&nbd->config_refs); nbd_connect_reply(info, nbd->index); }

Severity

No CVSS data available.

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-16 19:12 UTC

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

8 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/330d688a5ca538578…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cd93db1b1b4460e6e…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ae3e7bc1f4b393ae2…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2e5e0665a594f076e…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c9b99c948b4fb0148…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9a38306643874566d…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c9e805f6a35d1dd18…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1649714b930f9ea62…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < 330d688a5ca53857828081a3cf31b92ad1b0b3ed (git) Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < cd93db1b1b4460e6ee77564024ea461e5940f69c (git) Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < ae3e7bc1f4b393ae20e5c85583eb2c6977374716 (git) Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < 2e5e0665a594f076ef2b9439447bae8be293d09d (git) Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < c9b99c948b4fb014812afe7b5ccf2db121d22e46 (git) Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < 9a38306643874566d20f7aba7dff9e6f657b51a9 (git) Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < c9e805f6a35d1dd189a9345595a5c20e87611942 (git) Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < 1649714b930f9ea6233ce0810ba885999da3b5d4 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 4.12 Unaffected: 0 , < 4.12 (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.248 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.198 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.160 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.120 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.63 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17.13 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.2 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.19 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-68366",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-16T19:12:23.169488Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-16T19:12:35.384Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/block/nbd.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "330d688a5ca53857828081a3cf31b92ad1b0b3ed",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "cd93db1b1b4460e6ee77564024ea461e5940f69c",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "ae3e7bc1f4b393ae20e5c85583eb2c6977374716",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "2e5e0665a594f076ef2b9439447bae8be293d09d",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c9b99c948b4fb014812afe7b5ccf2db121d22e46",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "9a38306643874566d20f7aba7dff9e6f657b51a9",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c9e805f6a35d1dd189a9345595a5c20e87611942",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "1649714b930f9ea6233ce0810ba885999da3b5d4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/block/nbd.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.12"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.12",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.248",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.198",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.160",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.120",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.63",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17.13",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.2",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.248",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.198",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.160",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.120",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.63",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.17.13",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.2",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnbd: defer config unlock in nbd_genl_connect\n\nThere is one use-after-free warning when running NBD_CMD_CONNECT and\nNBD_CLEAR_SOCK:\n\nnbd_genl_connect\n  nbd_alloc_and_init_config // config_refs=1\n  nbd_start_device // config_refs=2\n  set NBD_RT_HAS_CONFIG_REF\t\t\topen nbd // config_refs=3\n  recv_work done // config_refs=2\n\t\t\t\t\t\tNBD_CLEAR_SOCK // config_refs=1\n\t\t\t\t\t\tclose nbd // config_refs=0\n  refcount_inc -\u003e uaf\n\n------------[ cut here ]------------\nrefcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.\nWARNING: CPU: 24 PID: 1014 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0x12e/0x290\n nbd_genl_connect+0x16d0/0x1ab0\n genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0x1f3/0x310\n genl_rcv_msg+0x44a/0x790\n\nThe issue can be easily reproduced by adding a small delay before\nrefcount_inc(\u0026nbd-\u003econfig_refs) in nbd_genl_connect():\n\n        mutex_unlock(\u0026nbd-\u003econfig_lock);\n        if (!ret) {\n                set_bit(NBD_RT_HAS_CONFIG_REF, \u0026config-\u003eruntime_flags);\n+               printk(\"before sleep\\n\");\n+               mdelay(5 * 1000);\n+               printk(\"after sleep\\n\");\n                refcount_inc(\u0026nbd-\u003econfig_refs);\n                nbd_connect_reply(info, nbd-\u003eindex);\n        }"
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:51:48.993Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/330d688a5ca53857828081a3cf31b92ad1b0b3ed"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cd93db1b1b4460e6ee77564024ea461e5940f69c"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ae3e7bc1f4b393ae20e5c85583eb2c6977374716"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2e5e0665a594f076ef2b9439447bae8be293d09d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c9b99c948b4fb014812afe7b5ccf2db121d22e46"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9a38306643874566d20f7aba7dff9e6f657b51a9"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c9e805f6a35d1dd189a9345595a5c20e87611942"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1649714b930f9ea6233ce0810ba885999da3b5d4"
        }
      ],
      "title": "nbd: defer config unlock in nbd_genl_connect",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-68366",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-24T10:32:53.399Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-16T14:48:05.308Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-16T19:12:35.384Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2025-68724 (GCVE-0-2025-68724)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-24 10:33 – Updated: 2026-09-08 08:43

Title

crypto: asymmetric_keys - prevent overflow in asymmetric_key_generate_id

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: asymmetric_keys - prevent overflow in asymmetric_key_generate_id Use check_add_overflow() to guard against potential integer overflows when adding the binary blob lengths and the size of an asymmetric_key_id structure and return ERR_PTR(-EOVERFLOW) accordingly. This prevents a possible buffer overflow when copying data from potentially malicious X.509 certificate fields that can be arbitrarily large, such as ASN.1 INTEGER serial numbers, issuer names, etc.

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-16 19:22 UTC

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

9 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/60a7be5ee74408147…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c13c6e9de91d7f1dd…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dfc16139618287451…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5b8ac617c8dab5cad…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c73be4f51eed98fa0…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6af753ac5205115e6…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b7090a5c153105b9f…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/df0845cf447ae1556…
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/…

Impacted products

5 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7 , < 60a7be5ee74408147e439164ac067e418ca74bb4 (git) Affected: 7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7 , < c13c6e9de91d7f1dd7df756b1fa5a1f968839d76 (git) Affected: 7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7 , < dfc1613961828745165aec6552c3818fa14ab725 (git) Affected: 7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7 , < 5b8ac617c8dab5cad3c4dc8d84d0987808a0f99c (git) Affected: 7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7 , < c73be4f51eed98fa0c7c189db8f279e1c86bfbf7 (git) Affected: 7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7 , < 6af753ac5205115e6c310c8c4236c01b59a1c44f (git) Affected: 7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7 , < b7090a5c153105b9fd221a5a81459ee8cd5babd6 (git) Affected: 7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7 , < df0845cf447ae1556c3440b8b155de0926cbaa56 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 3.18 Unaffected: 0 , < 3.18 (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.248 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.198 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.160 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.120 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.63 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17.13 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.2 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.19 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
Siemens	SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
Siemens	SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
Siemens	SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-68724",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-16T19:22:49.497362Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-16T19:22:59.107Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "affected": [
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-08T08:43:18.690Z",
          "orgId": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e",
          "shortName": "siemens-SADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html"
          }
        ],
        "x_adpType": "supplier"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "crypto/asymmetric_keys/asymmetric_type.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "60a7be5ee74408147e439164ac067e418ca74bb4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c13c6e9de91d7f1dd7df756b1fa5a1f968839d76",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "dfc1613961828745165aec6552c3818fa14ab725",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5b8ac617c8dab5cad3c4dc8d84d0987808a0f99c",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c73be4f51eed98fa0c7c189db8f279e1c86bfbf7",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6af753ac5205115e6c310c8c4236c01b59a1c44f",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "b7090a5c153105b9fd221a5a81459ee8cd5babd6",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "df0845cf447ae1556c3440b8b155de0926cbaa56",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7901c1a8effbe5f89673bfc09d6e37b8f334f1a7",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "crypto/asymmetric_keys/asymmetric_type.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.18"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3.18",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.248",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.198",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.160",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.120",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.63",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17.13",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.2",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.248",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.198",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.160",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.120",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.63",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.17.13",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.2",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncrypto: asymmetric_keys - prevent overflow in asymmetric_key_generate_id\n\nUse check_add_overflow() to guard against potential integer overflows\nwhen adding the binary blob lengths and the size of an asymmetric_key_id\nstructure and return ERR_PTR(-EOVERFLOW) accordingly. This prevents a\npossible buffer overflow when copying data from potentially malicious\nX.509 certificate fields that can be arbitrarily large, such as ASN.1\nINTEGER serial numbers, issuer names, etc."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable X.509 parsing path is reached through the local add_key syscall and related local PKCS#7 consumers, not directly through network packet processing.\nAC:L - The overflow is deterministic from attacker-controlled certificate field lengths and requires no race, victim-controlled state, or unpredictable condition.\nPR:L - An ordinary unprivileged user can submit an asymmetric key to a writable process or session keyring without capabilities. Parsing occurs before certificate trust and keyring restriction checks.\nUI:N - The attacker directly invokes the keyring interface with the crafted certificate, requiring no action by another user.\nS:U - Exploitation compromises the kernel within the same host security authority and does not inherently cross a VM, IOMMU, or other distinct security boundary.\nC:H - The undersized allocation followed by oversized memcpy operations can corrupt kernel heap objects and potentially enable kernel code execution with arbitrary memory disclosure.\nI:H - The heap out-of-bounds writes can overwrite adjacent objects, function pointers, or credentials, potentially enabling arbitrary kernel writes and control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - The overflow can immediately produce an oops or kernel panic and can be triggered repeatedly by an unprivileged local attacker."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:11:08.219Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/60a7be5ee74408147e439164ac067e418ca74bb4"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c13c6e9de91d7f1dd7df756b1fa5a1f968839d76"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dfc1613961828745165aec6552c3818fa14ab725"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5b8ac617c8dab5cad3c4dc8d84d0987808a0f99c"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c73be4f51eed98fa0c7c189db8f279e1c86bfbf7"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6af753ac5205115e6c310c8c4236c01b59a1c44f"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b7090a5c153105b9fd221a5a81459ee8cd5babd6"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/df0845cf447ae1556c3440b8b155de0926cbaa56"
        }
      ],
      "title": "crypto: asymmetric_keys - prevent overflow in asymmetric_key_generate_id",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-68724",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-24T10:33:08.932Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-24T10:30:51.027Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-08T08:43:18.690Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2025-71089 (GCVE-0-2025-71089)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-13 15:34 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:11

Title

iommu: disable SVA when CONFIG_X86 is set

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu: disable SVA when CONFIG_X86 is set Patch series "Fix stale IOTLB entries for kernel address space", v7. This proposes a fix for a security vulnerability related to IOMMU Shared Virtual Addressing (SVA). In an SVA context, an IOMMU can cache kernel page table entries. When a kernel page table page is freed and reallocated for another purpose, the IOMMU might still hold stale, incorrect entries. This can be exploited to cause a use-after-free or write-after-free condition, potentially leading to privilege escalation or data corruption. This solution introduces a deferred freeing mechanism for kernel page table pages, which provides a safe window to notify the IOMMU to invalidate its caches before the page is reused. This patch (of 8): In the IOMMU Shared Virtual Addressing (SVA) context, the IOMMU hardware shares and walks the CPU's page tables. The x86 architecture maps the kernel's virtual address space into the upper portion of every process's page table. Consequently, in an SVA context, the IOMMU hardware can walk and cache kernel page table entries. The Linux kernel currently lacks a notification mechanism for kernel page table changes, specifically when page table pages are freed and reused. The IOMMU driver is only notified of changes to user virtual address mappings. This can cause the IOMMU's internal caches to retain stale entries for kernel VA. Use-After-Free (UAF) and Write-After-Free (WAF) conditions arise when kernel page table pages are freed and later reallocated. The IOMMU could misinterpret the new data as valid page table entries. The IOMMU might then walk into attacker-controlled memory, leading to arbitrary physical memory DMA access or privilege escalation. This is also a Write-After-Free issue, as the IOMMU will potentially continue to write Accessed and Dirty bits to the freed memory while attempting to walk the stale page tables. Currently, SVA contexts are unprivileged and cannot access kernel mappings. However, the IOMMU will still walk kernel-only page tables all the way down to the leaf entries, where it realizes the mapping is for the kernel and errors out. This means the IOMMU still caches these intermediate page table entries, making the described vulnerability a real concern. Disable SVA on x86 architecture until the IOMMU can receive notification to flush the paging cache before freeing the CPU kernel page table pages.

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-16 16:19 UTC

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b34289505180a8360…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7cad37e358970af1b…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/240cd7f2812cc2549…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c2c3f1a3fd74ef16c…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c341dee80b5df49a9…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/72f98ef9a4be30d2a…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984 , < b34289505180a83607fcfdce14b5a290d0528476 (git) Affected: 26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984 , < 7cad37e358970af1bb49030ff01f06a69fa7d985 (git) Affected: 26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984 , < 240cd7f2812cc25496b12063d11c823618f364e9 (git) Affected: 26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984 , < c2c3f1a3fd74ef16cf115f0c558616a13a8471b4 (git) Affected: 26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984 , < c341dee80b5df49a936182341b36395c831c2661 (git) Affected: 26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984 , < 72f98ef9a4be30d2a60136dd6faee376f780d06c (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 5.2 Unaffected: 0 , < 5.2 (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.200 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.163 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.120 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.64 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.4 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.19 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-71089",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-16T16:19:59.752068Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-16T16:20:14.545Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/iommu/iommu-sva.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "b34289505180a83607fcfdce14b5a290d0528476",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7cad37e358970af1bb49030ff01f06a69fa7d985",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "240cd7f2812cc25496b12063d11c823618f364e9",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c2c3f1a3fd74ef16cf115f0c558616a13a8471b4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c341dee80b5df49a936182341b36395c831c2661",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "72f98ef9a4be30d2a60136dd6faee376f780d06c",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/iommu/iommu-sva.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.2"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.2",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.200",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.163",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.120",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.64",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.4",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.200",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.163",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.120",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.64",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.4",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\niommu: disable SVA when CONFIG_X86 is set\n\nPatch series \"Fix stale IOTLB entries for kernel address space\", v7.\n\nThis proposes a fix for a security vulnerability related to IOMMU Shared\nVirtual Addressing (SVA).  In an SVA context, an IOMMU can cache kernel\npage table entries.  When a kernel page table page is freed and\nreallocated for another purpose, the IOMMU might still hold stale,\nincorrect entries.  This can be exploited to cause a use-after-free or\nwrite-after-free condition, potentially leading to privilege escalation or\ndata corruption.\n\nThis solution introduces a deferred freeing mechanism for kernel page\ntable pages, which provides a safe window to notify the IOMMU to\ninvalidate its caches before the page is reused.\n\n\nThis patch (of 8):\n\nIn the IOMMU Shared Virtual Addressing (SVA) context, the IOMMU hardware\nshares and walks the CPU\u0027s page tables.  The x86 architecture maps the\nkernel\u0027s virtual address space into the upper portion of every process\u0027s\npage table.  Consequently, in an SVA context, the IOMMU hardware can walk\nand cache kernel page table entries.\n\nThe Linux kernel currently lacks a notification mechanism for kernel page\ntable changes, specifically when page table pages are freed and reused. \nThe IOMMU driver is only notified of changes to user virtual address\nmappings.  This can cause the IOMMU\u0027s internal caches to retain stale\nentries for kernel VA.\n\nUse-After-Free (UAF) and Write-After-Free (WAF) conditions arise when\nkernel page table pages are freed and later reallocated.  The IOMMU could\nmisinterpret the new data as valid page table entries.  The IOMMU might\nthen walk into attacker-controlled memory, leading to arbitrary physical\nmemory DMA access or privilege escalation.  This is also a\nWrite-After-Free issue, as the IOMMU will potentially continue to write\nAccessed and Dirty bits to the freed memory while attempting to walk the\nstale page tables.\n\nCurrently, SVA contexts are unprivileged and cannot access kernel\nmappings.  However, the IOMMU will still walk kernel-only page tables all\nthe way down to the leaf entries, where it realizes the mapping is for the\nkernel and errors out.  This means the IOMMU still caches these\nintermediate page table entries, making the described vulnerability a real\nconcern.\n\nDisable SVA on x86 architecture until the IOMMU can receive notification\nto flush the paging cache before freeing the CPU kernel page table pages."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "IOMMU SVA stale kernel page table entries enable arbitrary physical memory DMA access. IOMMU caches kernel page table entries that become stale when freed and reallocated, allowing walk into attacker-controlled memory. Scope Changed as it breaks IOMMU hardware isolation boundary."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:11:58.679Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b34289505180a83607fcfdce14b5a290d0528476"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7cad37e358970af1bb49030ff01f06a69fa7d985"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/240cd7f2812cc25496b12063d11c823618f364e9"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c2c3f1a3fd74ef16cf115f0c558616a13a8471b4"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c341dee80b5df49a936182341b36395c831c2661"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/72f98ef9a4be30d2a60136dd6faee376f780d06c"
        }
      ],
      "title": "iommu: disable SVA when CONFIG_X86 is set",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-71089",
    "datePublished": "2026-01-13T15:34:51.079Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-01-13T15:30:19.649Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:11:58.679Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-23392 (GCVE-0-2026-23392)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-25 10:33 – Updated: 2026-09-08 08:45

Title

netfilter: nf_tables: release flowtable after rcu grace period on error

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_tables: release flowtable after rcu grace period on error Call synchronize_rcu() after unregistering the hooks from error path, since a hook that already refers to this flowtable can be already registered, exposing this flowtable to packet path and nfnetlink_hook control plane. This error path is rare, it should only happen by reaching the maximum number hooks or by failing to set up to hardware offload, just call synchronize_rcu(). There is a check for already used device hooks by different flowtable that could result in EEXIST at this late stage. The hook parser can be updated to perform this check earlier to this error path really becomes rarely exercised. Uncovered by KASAN reported as use-after-free from nfnetlink_hook path when dumping hooks.

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

8 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d2632de96ccb066e0…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/adee3436ccd29f1e5…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7e3955b282eae20d6…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c8092edb9a11f20f9…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e78a2dcc7cfb87b64…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d73f4b53aaaea4c95…
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/…
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/…

Impacted products

8 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 3b49e2e94e6ebb8b23d0955d9e898254455734f8 , < d2632de96ccb066e0131ad1494241b9c281c60b8 (git) Affected: 3b49e2e94e6ebb8b23d0955d9e898254455734f8 , < adee3436ccd29f1e514c028899e400cbc6d84065 (git) Affected: 3b49e2e94e6ebb8b23d0955d9e898254455734f8 , < 7e3955b282eae20d61c75e499c75eade51c20060 (git) Affected: 3b49e2e94e6ebb8b23d0955d9e898254455734f8 , < c8092edb9a11f20f95ccceeb9422b7dd0df337bd (git) Affected: 3b49e2e94e6ebb8b23d0955d9e898254455734f8 , < e78a2dcc7cfb87b64a631441ca7681492b347ef6 (git) Affected: 3b49e2e94e6ebb8b23d0955d9e898254455734f8 , < d73f4b53aaaea4c95f245e491aa5eeb8a21874ce (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 4.16 Unaffected: 0 , < 4.16 (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.167 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.130 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.78 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.20 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.19.10 , ≤ 6.19.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.0 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
Siemens	SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
Siemens	SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
Siemens	SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
Siemens	SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
Siemens	SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
Siemens	SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "affected": [
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-08T08:45:56.367Z",
          "orgId": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e",
          "shortName": "siemens-SADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html"
          },
          {
            "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html"
          }
        ],
        "x_adpType": "supplier"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "d2632de96ccb066e0131ad1494241b9c281c60b8",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3b49e2e94e6ebb8b23d0955d9e898254455734f8",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "adee3436ccd29f1e514c028899e400cbc6d84065",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3b49e2e94e6ebb8b23d0955d9e898254455734f8",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7e3955b282eae20d61c75e499c75eade51c20060",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3b49e2e94e6ebb8b23d0955d9e898254455734f8",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c8092edb9a11f20f95ccceeb9422b7dd0df337bd",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3b49e2e94e6ebb8b23d0955d9e898254455734f8",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "e78a2dcc7cfb87b64a631441ca7681492b347ef6",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3b49e2e94e6ebb8b23d0955d9e898254455734f8",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "d73f4b53aaaea4c95f245e491aa5eeb8a21874ce",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3b49e2e94e6ebb8b23d0955d9e898254455734f8",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.16"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.16",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.167",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.130",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.78",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.20",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.19.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19.10",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.0",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.167",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.130",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.78",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.20",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19.10",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.0",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nf_tables: release flowtable after rcu grace period on error\n\nCall synchronize_rcu() after unregistering the hooks from error path,\nsince a hook that already refers to this flowtable can be already\nregistered, exposing this flowtable to packet path and nfnetlink_hook\ncontrol plane.\n\nThis error path is rare, it should only happen by reaching the maximum\nnumber hooks or by failing to set up to hardware offload, just call\nsynchronize_rcu().\n\nThere is a check for already used device hooks by different flowtable\nthat could result in EEXIST at this late stage. The hook parser can be\nupdated to perform this check earlier to this error path really becomes\nrarely exercised.\n\nUncovered by KASAN reported as use-after-free from nfnetlink_hook path\nwhen dumping hooks."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - nftables is accessed via netlink sockets (NFNL_SUBSYS_NFTABLES), requiring local system access through the netlink interface.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race: they trigger the flowtable creation error path (via duplicate hooks causing EEXIST) and concurrently perform nfnetlink_hook dumps. Since the attacker controls both racing operations, complexity is Low.\nPR:L - nftables is reachable from unprivileged user namespaces (unshare -Urn), so only basic unprivileged user access is required.\nUI:N - No user interaction is needed; the attacker can trigger the flowtable creation and concurrent hook dump entirely on their own.\nS:U - This is a standard kernel use-after-free vulnerability within the same security authority (kernel space); it does not cross a security boundary like a VM escape.\nC:H - Use-after-free of the nft_flowtable heap object allows an attacker to control freed object contents via heap spraying, enabling arbitrary kernel memory reads.\nI:H - Use-after-free enables heap spraying to place attacker-controlled data in the freed flowtable object, providing arbitrary write primitives and potential control flow hijacking.\nA:H - Use-after-free reliably causes kernel crashes (oops/panic) when the freed flowtable memory is accessed by RCU readers on the packet path or nfnetlink_hook dump."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:21:23.296Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d2632de96ccb066e0131ad1494241b9c281c60b8"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/adee3436ccd29f1e514c028899e400cbc6d84065"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7e3955b282eae20d61c75e499c75eade51c20060"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c8092edb9a11f20f95ccceeb9422b7dd0df337bd"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e78a2dcc7cfb87b64a631441ca7681492b347ef6"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d73f4b53aaaea4c95f245e491aa5eeb8a21874ce"
        }
      ],
      "title": "netfilter: nf_tables: release flowtable after rcu grace period on error",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-23392",
    "datePublished": "2026-03-25T10:33:16.647Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-01-13T15:37:46.011Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-08T08:45:56.367Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-23455 (GCVE-0-2026-23455)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-03 15:15 – Updated: 2026-09-08 08:46

Title

netfilter: nf_conntrack_h323: check for zero length in DecodeQ931()

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_conntrack_h323: check for zero length in DecodeQ931() In DecodeQ931(), the UserUserIE code path reads a 16-bit length from the packet, then decrements it by 1 to skip the protocol discriminator byte before passing it to DecodeH323_UserInformation(). If the encoded length is 0, the decrement wraps to -1, which is then passed as a large value to the decoder, leading to an out-of-bounds read. Add a check to ensure len is positive after the decrement.

Severity

9.1 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

10 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2121f5fbe88daff0f…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/65fa92f79677858b1…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/495e97af9e7249ee0…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f5e4f4e4cdb75ec36…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/633e8f87dad32263f…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9d00fe7d6d7c5b5f1…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b652b05d51003ac07…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f173d0f4c0f689173…
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/…
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/…

Impacted products

8 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3 , < 2121f5fbe88daff0f1fc5bc47d359426c74b86b0 (git) Affected: 5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3 , < 65fa92f79677858b14b9e4b7275f26639afe2710 (git) Affected: 5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3 , < 495e97af9e7249ee02b72bb1d0848a6efc3700f4 (git) Affected: 5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3 , < f5e4f4e4cdb75ec36802059a94195a31f193da60 (git) Affected: 5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3 , < 633e8f87dad32263f6a57dccdb873f042c062111 (git) Affected: 5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3 , < 9d00fe7d6d7c5b5f1065a6e042b54f2e44bd6df8 (git) Affected: 5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3 , < b652b05d51003ac074b912684f9ec7486231717b (git) Affected: 5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3 , < f173d0f4c0f689173f8cdac79991043a4a89bf66 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 2.6.17 Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.17 (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.253 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.203 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.167 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.130 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.78 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.20 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.19.10 , ≤ 6.19.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.0 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
Siemens	SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
Siemens	SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
Siemens	SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
Siemens	SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
Siemens	SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
Siemens	SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "affected": [
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.6",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-08T08:46:22.074Z",
          "orgId": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e",
          "shortName": "siemens-SADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html"
          },
          {
            "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html"
          }
        ],
        "x_adpType": "supplier"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_asn1.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "2121f5fbe88daff0f1fc5bc47d359426c74b86b0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "65fa92f79677858b14b9e4b7275f26639afe2710",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "495e97af9e7249ee02b72bb1d0848a6efc3700f4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "f5e4f4e4cdb75ec36802059a94195a31f193da60",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "633e8f87dad32263f6a57dccdb873f042c062111",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "9d00fe7d6d7c5b5f1065a6e042b54f2e44bd6df8",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "b652b05d51003ac074b912684f9ec7486231717b",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "f173d0f4c0f689173f8cdac79991043a4a89bf66",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5e35941d990123f155b02d5663e51a24f816b6f3",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_asn1.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.6.17"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "2.6.17",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.253",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.203",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.167",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.130",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.78",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.20",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.19.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19.10",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.0",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.253",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.17",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.203",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.17",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.167",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.17",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.130",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.17",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.78",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.17",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.20",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.17",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19.10",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.17",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.0",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.17",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nf_conntrack_h323: check for zero length in DecodeQ931()\n\nIn DecodeQ931(), the UserUserIE code path reads a 16-bit length from\nthe packet, then decrements it by 1 to skip the protocol discriminator\nbyte before passing it to DecodeH323_UserInformation(). If the encoded\nlength is 0, the decrement wraps to -1, which is then passed as a\nlarge value to the decoder, leading to an out-of-bounds read.\n\nAdd a check to ensure len is positive after the decrement."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 9.1,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:N - The vulnerable H.323/Q.931 conntrack helper parses TCP network traffic, typically on H.323 call signaling flows through a firewall/NAT gateway. A remote peer can supply the malformed TPKT/Q.931 packet once the helper is active for that flow.\nAC:L - The trigger is a deterministic zero-length UserUserIE in an otherwise reachable Q.931 message; there is no race or condition outside the attacker\u0027s control. TCP establishment and helper deployment are normal operating conditions for the affected subsystem.\nPR:N - The attacker only needs to send network traffic to or through a system using the H.323 conntrack helper. No authentication or local privileges are required on the target system.\nUI:N - Exploitation occurs during automatic packet processing in the kernel netfilter path. No victim user action is required.\nS:U - The vulnerable component and impacted resources are within the same kernel/network filtering security authority. This is not a VM escape, IOMMU bypass, or cross-sandbox boundary violation.\nC:H - The integer underflow turns a zero encoded length into a huge decoder length, causing an out-of-bounds read beyond the packet buffer. Under the kernel guidance, an unbounded out-of-bounds read is High confidentiality impact.\nI:N - The bug is a read-side parser bounds failure and does not provide an out-of-bounds write, arbitrary write primitive, or direct control-flow corruption. Any resulting malformed conntrack processing is not enough to justify kernel data integrity compromise.\nA:H - The out-of-bounds read can fault or otherwise destabilize kernel packet processing, producing an oops/panic or repeated denial of service. A remote attacker can resend malformed packets to retrigger it."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:21:54.080Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2121f5fbe88daff0f1fc5bc47d359426c74b86b0"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/65fa92f79677858b14b9e4b7275f26639afe2710"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/495e97af9e7249ee02b72bb1d0848a6efc3700f4"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f5e4f4e4cdb75ec36802059a94195a31f193da60"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/633e8f87dad32263f6a57dccdb873f042c062111"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9d00fe7d6d7c5b5f1065a6e042b54f2e44bd6df8"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b652b05d51003ac074b912684f9ec7486231717b"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f173d0f4c0f689173f8cdac79991043a4a89bf66"
        }
      ],
      "title": "netfilter: nf_conntrack_h323: check for zero length in DecodeQ931()",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-23455",
    "datePublished": "2026-04-03T15:15:36.869Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-01-13T15:37:46.020Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-08T08:46:22.074Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-31408 (GCVE-0-2026-31408)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-06 07:38 – Updated: 2026-08-19 16:27

Title

Bluetooth: SCO: Fix use-after-free in sco_recv_frame() due to missing sock_hold

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: SCO: Fix use-after-free in sco_recv_frame() due to missing sock_hold sco_recv_frame() reads conn->sk under sco_conn_lock() but immediately releases the lock without holding a reference to the socket. A concurrent close() can free the socket between the lock release and the subsequent sk->sk_state access, resulting in a use-after-free. Other functions in the same file (sco_sock_timeout(), sco_conn_del()) correctly use sco_sock_hold() to safely hold a reference under the lock. Fix by using sco_sock_hold() to take a reference before releasing the lock, and adding sock_put() on all exit paths.

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

8 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/37e18bc8c9a70d77b…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d57384e27d1ebf004…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b0a7da0e3f7442545…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/45aaca995e4a7a05b…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/108b81514d8f2535e…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7197462e90b8ce15c…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e76e8f0581ef555ea…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/598dbba9919c5e36c…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 37e18bc8c9a70d77bd099e2273f328b3bc7f6d0d (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < d57384e27d1ebf0047e3f00a6e1181b8be9857a2 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < b0a7da0e3f7442545f071499beb36374714bb9de (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 45aaca995e4a7a05b272a58e7ab2fff4f611b8f1 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 108b81514d8f2535eb16651495cefb2250528db3 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 7197462e90b8ce15caa1ae15d4bc2bb8cd21b11e (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < e76e8f0581ef555eacc11dbb095e602fb30a5361 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 598dbba9919c5e36c54fe1709b557d64120cb94b (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 2.6.12 Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.12 (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.265 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.203 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.168 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.131 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.80 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.21 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.19.11 , ≤ 6.19.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.0 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/bluetooth/sco.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "37e18bc8c9a70d77bd099e2273f328b3bc7f6d0d",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "d57384e27d1ebf0047e3f00a6e1181b8be9857a2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "b0a7da0e3f7442545f071499beb36374714bb9de",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "45aaca995e4a7a05b272a58e7ab2fff4f611b8f1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "108b81514d8f2535eb16651495cefb2250528db3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7197462e90b8ce15caa1ae15d4bc2bb8cd21b11e",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "e76e8f0581ef555eacc11dbb095e602fb30a5361",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "598dbba9919c5e36c54fe1709b557d64120cb94b",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/bluetooth/sco.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.6.12"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "2.6.12",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.265",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.203",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.168",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.131",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.80",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.21",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.19.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19.11",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.0",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.265",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.203",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.168",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.131",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.80",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.21",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19.11",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.0",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: SCO: Fix use-after-free in sco_recv_frame() due to missing sock_hold\n\nsco_recv_frame() reads conn-\u003esk under sco_conn_lock() but immediately\nreleases the lock without holding a reference to the socket. A concurrent\nclose() can free the socket between the lock release and the subsequent\nsk-\u003esk_state access, resulting in a use-after-free.\n\nOther functions in the same file (sco_sock_timeout(), sco_conn_del())\ncorrectly use sco_sock_hold() to safely hold a reference under the lock.\n\nFix by using sco_sock_hold() to take a reference before releasing the\nlock, and adding sock_put() on all exit paths."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 8.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:A - Incoming Bluetooth SCO/eSCO data reaches the vulnerable function through the HCI receive path, so the attacker must be within Bluetooth radio range. This is adjacent-network reachability, not IP network or physical-device access.\nAC:L - The bug is a use-after-free race between received SCO data and socket close/teardown, and an attacker can repeatedly drive SCO traffic while provoking endpoint teardown to hit the window. No rare configuration or uncontrollable memory layout condition is required beyond Bluetooth SCO support.\nPR:N - The Bluetooth peer sending SCO data needs no account or privileges on the target system, and the per-packet receive path has no capability or authentication check. Incoming acceptance depends on Bluetooth connection/listening state, not target-user privileges held by the attacker.\nUI:N - Exploitation does not require a victim user to open a file, mount anything, or perform an explicit action. Once the Bluetooth/SCO endpoint is active, packets and teardown can be driven by protocol activity.\nS:U - The vulnerability is in the kernel Bluetooth stack and impacts the same kernel security authority. It is not a VM escape, IOMMU bypass, or other cross-scope boundary violation.\nC:H - This is a kernel use-after-free of a socket object, and subsequent code dereferences the freed sock and can pass it into receive-queue handling. Such heap UAFs can be leveraged for kernel memory disclosure, so confidentiality impact is high.\nI:H - The freed sock pointer can be used in `sock_queue_rcv_skb()`, which updates socket queues/state and can invoke socket callbacks after reuse. This is kernel memory corruption with plausible control-flow or arbitrary-write exploitation, so integrity impact is high.\nA:H - Even without full exploitation, dereferencing and operating on a freed kernel socket can cause an oops, panic, or memory corruption crash. Availability impact is therefore high."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T16:27:56.705Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/37e18bc8c9a70d77bd099e2273f328b3bc7f6d0d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d57384e27d1ebf0047e3f00a6e1181b8be9857a2"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b0a7da0e3f7442545f071499beb36374714bb9de"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/45aaca995e4a7a05b272a58e7ab2fff4f611b8f1"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/108b81514d8f2535eb16651495cefb2250528db3"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7197462e90b8ce15caa1ae15d4bc2bb8cd21b11e"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e76e8f0581ef555eacc11dbb095e602fb30a5361"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/598dbba9919c5e36c54fe1709b557d64120cb94b"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Bluetooth: SCO: Fix use-after-free in sco_recv_frame() due to missing sock_hold",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-31408",
    "datePublished": "2026-04-06T07:38:20.533Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-03-09T15:48:24.086Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T16:27:56.705Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-31684 (GCVE-0-2026-31684)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-25 08:47 – Updated: 2026-06-01 16:13

Title

net: sched: act_csum: validate nested VLAN headers

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: sched: act_csum: validate nested VLAN headers tcf_csum_act() walks nested VLAN headers directly from skb->data when an skb still carries in-payload VLAN tags. The current code reads vlan->h_vlan_encapsulated_proto and then pulls VLAN_HLEN bytes without first ensuring that the full VLAN header is present in the linear area. If only part of an inner VLAN header is linearized, accessing h_vlan_encapsulated_proto reads past the linear area, and the following skb_pull(VLAN_HLEN) may violate skb invariants. Fix this by requiring pskb_may_pull(skb, VLAN_HLEN) before accessing and pulling each nested VLAN header. If the header still is not fully available, drop the packet through the existing error path.

Severity

No CVSS data available.

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

8 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0410c619e86551677…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/886469b6455611a51…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/46c07ad50fa2f4ba7…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eb3765b90eb8f2a3d…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a69738efea0996d05…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ec4930979b3f7bbeb…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3d165d975305cf76f…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c842743d073bdd683…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6 , < 0410c619e86551677fb79887a38eccad3f5a0725 (git) Affected: 2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6 , < 886469b6455611a511aa6013e957e15e50577513 (git) Affected: 2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6 , < 46c07ad50fa2f4ba7663ee1b72b75ad7ad45cf09 (git) Affected: 2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6 , < eb3765b90eb8f2a3d6310a80c14a9e57ec4267a2 (git) Affected: 2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6 , < a69738efea0996d05a3c7d2178551b891744df1b (git) Affected: 2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6 , < ec4930979b3f7bbeb7af5744599fc6603a4dba62 (git) Affected: 2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6 , < 3d165d975305cf76ff0b10a3c798fb31e5f5f9a5 (git) Affected: 2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6 , < c842743d073bdd683606cb414eb0ca84465dd834 (git) Affected: 3764bfae5056e95617b6ee074129297e11710886 (git) Affected: 4.19.99 , < 4.20 (semver)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 5.1 Unaffected: 0 , < 5.1 (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.258 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.209 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.175 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.136 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.83 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.24 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.19.14 , ≤ 6.19.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.0 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/sched/act_csum.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "0410c619e86551677fb79887a38eccad3f5a0725",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "886469b6455611a511aa6013e957e15e50577513",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "46c07ad50fa2f4ba7663ee1b72b75ad7ad45cf09",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "eb3765b90eb8f2a3d6310a80c14a9e57ec4267a2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "a69738efea0996d05a3c7d2178551b891744df1b",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "ec4930979b3f7bbeb7af5744599fc6603a4dba62",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3d165d975305cf76ff0b10a3c798fb31e5f5f9a5",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c842743d073bdd683606cb414eb0ca84465dd834",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2ecba2d1e45b24620a7c3df9531895cf68d5dec6",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3764bfae5056e95617b6ee074129297e11710886",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.20",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.19.99",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/sched/act_csum.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.1"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.1",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.258",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.209",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.175",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.136",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.83",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.24",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.19.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19.14",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.0",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.258",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.1",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.209",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.1",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.175",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.1",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.136",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.1",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.83",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.1",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.24",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.1",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19.14",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.1",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.0",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.1",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.19.99",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: sched: act_csum: validate nested VLAN headers\n\ntcf_csum_act() walks nested VLAN headers directly from skb-\u003edata when an\nskb still carries in-payload VLAN tags. The current code reads\nvlan-\u003eh_vlan_encapsulated_proto and then pulls VLAN_HLEN bytes without\nfirst ensuring that the full VLAN header is present in the linear area.\n\nIf only part of an inner VLAN header is linearized, accessing\nh_vlan_encapsulated_proto reads past the linear area, and the following\nskb_pull(VLAN_HLEN) may violate skb invariants.\n\nFix this by requiring pskb_may_pull(skb, VLAN_HLEN) before accessing and\npulling each nested VLAN header. If the header still is not fully\navailable, drop the packet through the existing error path."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-01T16:13:24.352Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0410c619e86551677fb79887a38eccad3f5a0725"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/886469b6455611a511aa6013e957e15e50577513"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/46c07ad50fa2f4ba7663ee1b72b75ad7ad45cf09"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eb3765b90eb8f2a3d6310a80c14a9e57ec4267a2"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a69738efea0996d05a3c7d2178551b891744df1b"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ec4930979b3f7bbeb7af5744599fc6603a4dba62"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3d165d975305cf76ff0b10a3c798fb31e5f5f9a5"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c842743d073bdd683606cb414eb0ca84465dd834"
        }
      ],
      "title": "net: sched: act_csum: validate nested VLAN headers",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-31684",
    "datePublished": "2026-04-25T08:47:01.555Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-03-09T15:48:24.130Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-01T16:13:24.352Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-31685 (GCVE-0-2026-31685)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-25 08:47 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:24

Title

netfilter: ip6t_eui64: reject invalid MAC header for all packets

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: ip6t_eui64: reject invalid MAC header for all packets `eui64_mt6()` derives a modified EUI-64 from the Ethernet source address and compares it with the low 64 bits of the IPv6 source address. The existing guard only rejects an invalid MAC header when `par->fragoff != 0`. For packets with `par->fragoff == 0`, `eui64_mt6()` can still reach `eth_hdr(skb)` even when the MAC header is not valid. Fix this by removing the `par->fragoff != 0` condition so that packets with an invalid MAC header are rejected before accessing `eth_hdr(skb)`.

Severity

9.4 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

8 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4d75bc2cd093bf580…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7d6a57411caf54df0…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5603591373441fec…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/288138418bef956f8…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9eda5478746ef7dc0…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/807d6ee15804df6f0…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/309ae3e9a51a69699…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fdce0b3590f724540…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 4d75bc2cd093bf5803edf512c099bfb220fd6459 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 7d6a57411caf54df025860c9b1a82cd42d57a562 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < d5603591373441fecf9951833d6d873e09320f08 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 288138418bef956f8b295751a4536c60f0e89f4a (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 9eda5478746ef7dc0e4e537b5a5e4b0ca1027091 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 807d6ee15804df6f01a35c910f09612e858739a6 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 309ae3e9a51a69699ca94eac5fac5688fa562d55 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < fdce0b3590f724540795b874b4c8850c90e6b0a8 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 2.6.12 Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.12 (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.258 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.209 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.175 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.136 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.83 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.24 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.19.14 , ≤ 6.19.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.0 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/ipv6/netfilter/ip6t_eui64.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "4d75bc2cd093bf5803edf512c099bfb220fd6459",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7d6a57411caf54df025860c9b1a82cd42d57a562",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "d5603591373441fecf9951833d6d873e09320f08",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "288138418bef956f8b295751a4536c60f0e89f4a",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "9eda5478746ef7dc0e4e537b5a5e4b0ca1027091",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "807d6ee15804df6f01a35c910f09612e858739a6",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "309ae3e9a51a69699ca94eac5fac5688fa562d55",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "fdce0b3590f724540795b874b4c8850c90e6b0a8",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/ipv6/netfilter/ip6t_eui64.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.6.12"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "2.6.12",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.258",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.209",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.175",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.136",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.83",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.24",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.19.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19.14",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.0",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.258",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.209",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.175",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.136",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.83",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.24",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19.14",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.0",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: ip6t_eui64: reject invalid MAC header for all packets\n\n`eui64_mt6()` derives a modified EUI-64 from the Ethernet source address\nand compares it with the low 64 bits of the IPv6 source address.\n\nThe existing guard only rejects an invalid MAC header when\n`par-\u003efragoff != 0`. For packets with `par-\u003efragoff == 0`, `eui64_mt6()`\ncan still reach `eth_hdr(skb)` even when the MAC header is not valid.\n\nFix this by removing the `par-\u003efragoff != 0` condition so that packets\nwith an invalid MAC header are rejected before accessing `eth_hdr(skb)`."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 9.4,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:N - The vulnerable match runs from IPv6 netfilter PREROUTING/LOCAL_IN/FORWARD packet hooks, so a remote peer can reach it by sending IPv6 traffic to or through a host/router with an active eui64 xtables rule on a path with an invalid or absent Ethernet MAC header.\nAC:L - There is no race or timing requirement; the attacker can send first-fragment or non-fragment IPv6 packets with controlled header fields, and the active rule/interface combination is a deployment precondition.\nPR:N - Although installing the rule requires CAP_NET_ADMIN, in the highest-severity reasonable deployment the eui64 rule is already active and unauthenticated packets trigger the vulnerable packet path without attacker privileges.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed after the affected netfilter rule is present; packet delivery alone invokes the match.\nS:U - The impact remains within the kernel/networking security authority of the affected system and does not cross a VM, IOMMU, or similar boundary.\nC:H - With an unset or invalid MAC header, eth_hdr() can read outside the valid Ethernet header area and those bytes can influence observable netfilter behavior; following the required conservative rule for out-of-bounds reads, confidentiality is High.\nI:L - The bug can cause invalid-L2 packets to satisfy an eui64 match and bypass filtering decisions based on Ethernet-source-to-IPv6-source binding, but it does not provide a direct kernel write primitive.\nA:H - Invalid eth_hdr() access on packets with no valid MAC header can produce kernel warnings/oopses or KASAN-detected out-of-bounds accesses, and an attacker can repeat packet delivery to sustain denial of service."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:24:29.973Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4d75bc2cd093bf5803edf512c099bfb220fd6459"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7d6a57411caf54df025860c9b1a82cd42d57a562"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5603591373441fecf9951833d6d873e09320f08"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/288138418bef956f8b295751a4536c60f0e89f4a"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9eda5478746ef7dc0e4e537b5a5e4b0ca1027091"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/807d6ee15804df6f01a35c910f09612e858739a6"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/309ae3e9a51a69699ca94eac5fac5688fa562d55"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fdce0b3590f724540795b874b4c8850c90e6b0a8"
        }
      ],
      "title": "netfilter: ip6t_eui64: reject invalid MAC header for all packets",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-31685",
    "datePublished": "2026-04-25T08:47:02.857Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-03-09T15:48:24.131Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:24:29.973Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

ALSA-2026:21556

CVE-2025-38653 (GCVE-0-2025-38653)

CVE-2025-68183 (GCVE-0-2025-68183)

CVE-2025-68366 (GCVE-0-2025-68366)

CVE-2025-68724 (GCVE-0-2025-68724)

CVE-2025-71089 (GCVE-0-2025-71089)

CVE-2026-23392 (GCVE-0-2026-23392)

CVE-2026-23455 (GCVE-0-2026-23455)

CVE-2026-31408 (GCVE-0-2026-31408)

CVE-2026-31684 (GCVE-0-2026-31684)

CVE-2026-31685 (GCVE-0-2026-31685)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour