CVE-2026-80634 (GCVE-0-2026-80634)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-28 06:48 – Updated: 2026-08-29 06:21
VLAI
Title
netfilter: flowtable: avoid num_encaps underflow on bridge VLAN untag
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: flowtable: avoid num_encaps underflow on bridge VLAN untag The DEV_PATH_BR_VLAN_UNTAG case post-decrements info->num_encaps inside WARN_ON_ONCE(). num_encaps is u8, so if it's already 0 the decrement still happens and wraps it to 255. The break only leaves the inner switch -- a later path entry can set info->indev back to a real device, and we end up returning with num_encaps == 255. nft_dev_forward_path() then walks info.encap[] (size 2) up to num_encaps, which means an OOB stack read and a bogus count copied into the route descriptor. Should only happen on a malformed bridge path stack, hence the WARN, but worth handling sanely. Move the decrement out of the WARN. [ While at this, remove the WARN_ON_ONCE since this can only happen with a buggy bridge path stack --pablo ].
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: e990cef6516daa4e1e236433579e333f74fd38cb , < 2f55fa28011c97d6495d5787808db10a8c2d690d (git)
Affected: e990cef6516daa4e1e236433579e333f74fd38cb , < e052f920773b73be49eb4d8702a9f85de7464363 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 5.13
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.13 (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.5 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/netfilter/nf_flow_table_path.c"
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          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e990cef6516daa4e1e236433579e333f74fd38cb",
              "versionType": "git"
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          "product": "Linux",
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          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
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                  "vulnerable": true
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: flowtable: avoid num_encaps underflow on bridge VLAN untag\n\nThe DEV_PATH_BR_VLAN_UNTAG case post-decrements info-\u003enum_encaps\ninside WARN_ON_ONCE(). num_encaps is u8, so if it\u0027s already 0 the\ndecrement still happens and wraps it to 255. The break only leaves\nthe inner switch -- a later path entry can set info-\u003eindev back to\na real device, and we end up returning with num_encaps == 255.\n\nnft_dev_forward_path() then walks info.encap[] (size 2) up to\nnum_encaps, which means an OOB stack read and a bogus count copied\ninto the route descriptor.\n\nShould only happen on a malformed bridge path stack, hence the WARN,\nbut worth handling sanely. Move the decrement out of the WARN.\n\n[ While at this, remove the WARN_ON_ONCE since this can only happen\n  with a buggy bridge path stack --pablo ]."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
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            "baseScore": 9.8,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:N - The bug is hit in nft_flow_offload_eval on NF_INET_FORWARD when remotely sourced TCP/UDP packets matching a conntrack flow trigger nft_flow_route() and nft_dev_forward_path() during softirq packet processing on nftables flowtable routers/gateways, not via netlink configuration APIs.\nAC:L - Once an nftables flowtable with bridge VLAN filtering is deployed, an attacker can establish confirmed TCP/UDP flows and steer traffic through the affected bridge/VLAN topology to reach nft_dev_path_info() without races or other conditions outside the attacker\u0027s control.\nPR:N - Flowtable and bridge VLAN setup are administrator deployment prerequisites; a remote sender needs no local account, authentication, or CAP_NET_ADMIN on the victim to trigger flow offload path resolution while forwarding traffic through the configured bridge.\nUI:N - Exploitation requires only sending network packets processed automatically on the forwarding path; no victim must open files, mount filesystems, or take any interactive action beyond normal traffic through the router.\nS:U - Out-of-bounds stack reads and writes in nft_dev_forward_path() corrupt kernel stack memory and route descriptors on the affected host only; this is standard kernel compromise within one security authority, not a VM escape or cross-boundary sandbox break.\nC:H - When num_encaps underflows to 255, nft_dev_forward_path() loops up to 255 times over info.encap[2], performing out-of-bounds stack reads of adjacent kernel stack memory that can disclose pointers and other sensitive data.\nI:H - The same loop writes attacker-influenced encap values past route-\u003etuple[].in.encap[2] on the stack, corrupting adjacent route fields and stack data in ways that can be leveraged for arbitrary kernel writes and control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Massive out-of-bounds stack corruption during flow offload setup in softirq context can cause immediate kernel oops/panic and reliable denial of service on forwarding routers processing malicious traffic through vulnerable bridge VLAN paths."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-29T06:21:33.944Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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      "references": [
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f55fa28011c97d6495d5787808db10a8c2d690d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e052f920773b73be49eb4d8702a9f85de7464363"
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-80634",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-28T06:48:49.022Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-26T14:34:25.777Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-29T06:21:33.944Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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      "date": "2026-09-21",
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      "percentile": "0.31692"
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      "cve": "CVE-2026-80634",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-80634",
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      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "netfilter: flowtable: avoid num_encaps underflow on bridge VLAN untag",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-80634.json",
      "version": "1"
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    "nvd": {
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            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: flowtable: avoid num_encaps underflow on bridge VLAN untag\n\nThe DEV_PATH_BR_VLAN_UNTAG case post-decrements info-\u003enum_encaps\ninside WARN_ON_ONCE(). num_encaps is u8, so if it\u0027s already 0 the\ndecrement still happens and wraps it to 255. The break only leaves\nthe inner switch -- a later path entry can set info-\u003eindev back to\na real device, and we end up returning with num_encaps == 255.\n\nnft_dev_forward_path() then walks info.encap[] (size 2) up to\nnum_encaps, which means an OOB stack read and a bogus count copied\ninto the route descriptor.\n\nShould only happen on a malformed bridge path stack, hence the WARN,\nbut worth handling sanely. Move the decrement out of the WARN.\n\n[ While at this, remove the WARN_ON_ONCE since this can only happen\n  with a buggy bridge path stack --pablo ]."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-80634",
        "lastModified": "2026-08-29T07:16:47.430",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
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                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
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                "baseScore": 9.8,
                "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
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              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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        "published": "2026-08-28T08:16:48.303",
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      "product_status:known_affected": "184",
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      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
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      "title": "kernel: netfilter: flowtable: avoid num_encaps underflow on bridge VLAN untag",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-80634.json",
      "version": "3"
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      "current_release_date": "2026-09-15T01:10:29Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-80634",
      "id": "CVE-2026-80634",
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      "product_status:known_affected": "210",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "143",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-80634",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-80634.json",
      "version": "7"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


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Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.