CVE-2026-74478 (GCVE-0-2026-74478)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-15 12:27 – Updated: 2026-08-19 16:37
VLAI
Title
um: vector: fix use-after-free in vector_mmsg_rx()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: um: vector: fix use-after-free in vector_mmsg_rx() When vector_mmsg_rx() discards a packet whose overlay header fails verify_header(), it frees the skb and continues the loop: if (header_check < 0) { dev_kfree_skb_irq(skb); vp->estats.rx_encaps_errors++; continue; } The normal and short-packet paths fall through to the bottom of the loop body, which clears the consumed slot and advances the cursors: (*skbuff_vector) = NULL; mmsg_vector++; skbuff_vector++; The verify_header() < 0 path skips that via continue, so the freed skb is left in skbuff_vector[] and the cursors do not advance. The next iteration reads the same slot, gets the freed skb, and frees it again, producing a refcount underflow / use-after-free in the RX path. Discard the slot the same way the other paths do before continuing. Only transports whose verify_header() can return negative are affected: GRE and L2TPv3 do so on a cookie/session-id mismatch (raw/tap do not), so any peer on such a transport can trigger it without authentication.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 49da7e64f33e80edffb1a9eeb230fa4c3f42dffb , < 967c779c9853d2a1cc9cd8e61d300250c348f3d9 (git)
Affected: 49da7e64f33e80edffb1a9eeb230fa4c3f42dffb , < a7bc015bb798c525e7a82dd14225c6aeb994274b (git)
Affected: 49da7e64f33e80edffb1a9eeb230fa4c3f42dffb , < 7dc9781e320d664c9bdd50003c9acfddf363d1e1 (git)
Affected: 49da7e64f33e80edffb1a9eeb230fa4c3f42dffb , < 4b9601595e8b6b5d18878cac0aeabc687d241111 (git)
Affected: 49da7e64f33e80edffb1a9eeb230fa4c3f42dffb , < 67d58ab4f2ccf7145f3da07e025735a09c79de1b (git)
Affected: 49da7e64f33e80edffb1a9eeb230fa4c3f42dffb , < 180ff4c81faf01ec4e06082c9daa7c40518ead89 (git)
Affected: 49da7e64f33e80edffb1a9eeb230fa4c3f42dffb , < 804b681002ead233abf49a3efd681f5468a835f9 (git)
Affected: 49da7e64f33e80edffb1a9eeb230fa4c3f42dffb , < af421e9aed3920c7ac88c24daa48606c7112feca (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.17
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.17 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.265 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.216 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.183 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.151 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.103 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.44 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.8 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\num: vector: fix use-after-free in vector_mmsg_rx()\n\nWhen vector_mmsg_rx() discards a packet whose overlay header fails\nverify_header(), it frees the skb and continues the loop:\n\n\tif (header_check \u003c 0) {\n\t\tdev_kfree_skb_irq(skb);\n\t\tvp-\u003eestats.rx_encaps_errors++;\n\t\tcontinue;\n\t}\n\nThe normal and short-packet paths fall through to the bottom of the\nloop body, which clears the consumed slot and advances the cursors:\n\n\t(*skbuff_vector) = NULL;\n\tmmsg_vector++;\n\tskbuff_vector++;\n\nThe verify_header() \u003c 0 path skips that via continue, so the freed skb\nis left in skbuff_vector[] and the cursors do not advance. The next\niteration reads the same slot, gets the freed skb, and frees it again,\nproducing a refcount underflow / use-after-free in the RX path.\n\nDiscard the slot the same way the other paths do before continuing.\n\nOnly transports whose verify_header() can return negative are affected:\nGRE and L2TPv3 do so on a cookie/session-id mismatch (raw/tap do not),\nso any peer on such a transport can trigger it without authentication."
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              "value": "AV:N - The bug is reached from remotely sent GRE or L2TPv3 packets processed by vector_mmsg_rx() via recvmmsg on the tunnel socket; the fix commit states any peer on those transports can trigger it without authentication.\nAC:L - An attacker reliably triggers verify_header() failure with a wrong GRE key or L2TPv3 session/cookie, and sending two or more malformed packets in one recvmmsg batch causes immediate double-free of the same skb without races or special memory layout.\nPR:N - No privileges on the UML instance are required; exploitation needs only the ability to send network packets on the configured GRE/L2TPv3 transport, and overlay keys/cookies are not authenticated security controls.\nUI:N - Exploitation is driven entirely by remote packets delivered to the vector netdev RX path and requires no victim user or administrator action beyond the interface already being up.\nS:U - The use-after-free corrupts sk_buff memory inside the UML kernel network driver and does not by itself cross a VM, IOMMU, or host-kernel security boundary.\nC:H - The refcount underflow/use-after-free leaves a dangling sk_buff pointer that can be reallocated and read through standard heap grooming, giving an arbitrary kernel memory disclosure primitive.\nI:H - Reclaiming the freed sk_buff enables attacker-controlled contents in kernel heap objects and can be leveraged for arbitrary write or control-flow hijack in the UML kernel context.\nA:H - The double-free in the RX path can immediately oops or panic the UML kernel, and an unauthenticated remote peer can retrigger the condition by sending additional malformed tunnel packets."
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    "dateReserved": "2026-08-15T05:44:03.903Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T16:37:30.555Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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      "title": "um: vector: fix use-after-free in vector_mmsg_rx()",
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            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\num: vector: fix use-after-free in vector_mmsg_rx()\n\nWhen vector_mmsg_rx() discards a packet whose overlay header fails\nverify_header(), it frees the skb and continues the loop:\n\n\tif (header_check \u003c 0) {\n\t\tdev_kfree_skb_irq(skb);\n\t\tvp-\u003eestats.rx_encaps_errors++;\n\t\tcontinue;\n\t}\n\nThe normal and short-packet paths fall through to the bottom of the\nloop body, which clears the consumed slot and advances the cursors:\n\n\t(*skbuff_vector) = NULL;\n\tmmsg_vector++;\n\tskbuff_vector++;\n\nThe verify_header() \u003c 0 path skips that via continue, so the freed skb\nis left in skbuff_vector[] and the cursors do not advance. The next\niteration reads the same slot, gets the freed skb, and frees it again,\nproducing a refcount underflow / use-after-free in the RX path.\n\nDiscard the slot the same way the other paths do before continuing.\n\nOnly transports whose verify_header() can return negative are affected:\nGRE and L2TPv3 do so on a cookie/session-id mismatch (raw/tap do not),\nso any peer on such a transport can trigger it without authentication."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-74478",
        "lastModified": "2026-08-19T17:21:04.947",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 9.8,
                "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
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              "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
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        "published": "2026-08-15T13:17:52.600",
        "references": [
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          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/967c779c9853d2a1cc9cd8e61d300250c348f3d9"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a7bc015bb798c525e7a82dd14225c6aeb994274b"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/af421e9aed3920c7ac88c24daa48606c7112feca"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-21T09:20:27+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-74478",
      "id": "CVE-2026-74478",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-15T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: um: vector: fix use-after-free in vector_mmsg_rx()",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-74478.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-15T01:20:25Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-74478",
      "id": "CVE-2026-74478",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-15T23:52:08Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "269",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "93",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-74478",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-74478.json",
      "version": "7"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.