CVE-2026-64581 (GCVE-0-2026-64581)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 08:09 – Updated: 2026-08-27 12:39
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
xfrm: fix sk_dst_cache double-free in xfrm_user_policy()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
xfrm: fix sk_dst_cache double-free in xfrm_user_policy()
xfrm_user_policy() clears the socket dst cache with __sk_dst_reset(),
i.e. the non-atomic __sk_dst_set(sk, NULL): it reads sk_dst_cache with
rcu_dereference_protected(), stores NULL and dst_release()s the old dst.
That is only safe if no other thread modifies sk_dst_cache concurrently.
For a connected UDP socket that does not hold: the transmit fast path
(udp_sendmsg -> sk_dst_check -> sk_dst_reset) resets the cache locklessly
with an atomic xchg(). A per-socket policy change racing a send can make
both sides observe the same old dst and each dst_release() it, dropping
the socket's single reference twice and freeing the xfrm_dst bundle while
it is still referenced:
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in dst_release
Write of size 4 at addr ffff88801897b6c0 by task exploit/155
Call Trace:
...
dst_release (... ./include/linux/rcuref.h:109)
xfrm_user_policy (./include/net/sock.h:2239 ./include/net/sock.h:2256 net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c:3053)
do_ip_setsockopt (net/ipv4/ip_sockglue.c:1347)
ip_setsockopt (net/ipv4/ip_sockglue.c:1417)
do_sock_setsockopt (net/socket.c:2368)
__sys_setsockopt (net/socket.c:2393)
__x64_sys_setsockopt (net/socket.c:2396)
do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94)
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:121)
Reachable by an unprivileged user via a user+network namespace.
Use the atomic sk_dst_reset() so the cache is cleared and released with a
single xchg(): whichever side wins releases the dst once, the other sees
NULL and does nothing. Behaviour is otherwise unchanged.
Severity
7.8 (High)
Assigner
References
8 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0 , < e8686fd8d18b99f3a9038683045b2f2338a7706d
(git)
Affected: 2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0 , < a9340ebdc13f8bb5063c0bc0b037ee7e640d4ae9 (git) Affected: 2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0 , < f833821e4b52ab6335d443ede5fb79c38e61d19a (git) Affected: 2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0 , < f0ab9a71167bae308e05ab13b65e2007504a603f (git) Affected: 2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0 , < 8dd8929b71c4f06c614f8f54c2cc070453faae16 (git) Affected: 2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0 , < 0ea8f06454012d9e7f9c6e6253df710949bf6294 (git) Affected: 2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0 , < 96b678d08268b5f5c6fc99d4289d9b7e334fc683 (git) Affected: 2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0 , < c283e9ada7fcb7dd4b10592623086b2e6d2f9925 (git) Affected: 72f157be2f81910ae759bfe2e5c2256fc4625645 (git) Affected: 9e9fe58a92a46c6d154d2901735bf230d91b8507 (git) Affected: adc1ec6cdc20d430aa01b86497220709b9149466 (git) Affected: b54033eb1cfd77aba471269ddd804ed8d3e35dea (git) Affected: c9e82cb34c3c2ee895af01bc899c6ed0bc6eb04a (git) Affected: 5eef9b51114fcc65651d671add52f267f91b9451 (git) Affected: 3.16.52 , < 3.17 (semver) Affected: 4.4.163 , < 4.5 (semver) Affected: 3.18.101 , < 3.19 (semver) Affected: 4.1.52 , < 4.2 (semver) Affected: 4.4.123 , < 4.5 (semver) Affected: 4.9.89 , < 4.10 (semver) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
4.14
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.14 (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.267 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.218 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.185 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.154 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.106 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.47 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.1.6 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
{
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],
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{
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{
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{
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"version": "7.2",
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}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
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"versionEndExcluding": "5.10.267",
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},
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"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: fix sk_dst_cache double-free in xfrm_user_policy()\n\nxfrm_user_policy() clears the socket dst cache with __sk_dst_reset(),\ni.e. the non-atomic __sk_dst_set(sk, NULL): it reads sk_dst_cache with\nrcu_dereference_protected(), stores NULL and dst_release()s the old dst.\nThat is only safe if no other thread modifies sk_dst_cache concurrently.\n\nFor a connected UDP socket that does not hold: the transmit fast path\n(udp_sendmsg -\u003e sk_dst_check -\u003e sk_dst_reset) resets the cache locklessly\nwith an atomic xchg(). A per-socket policy change racing a send can make\nboth sides observe the same old dst and each dst_release() it, dropping\nthe socket\u0027s single reference twice and freeing the xfrm_dst bundle while\nit is still referenced:\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in dst_release\n Write of size 4 at addr ffff88801897b6c0 by task exploit/155\n Call Trace:\n ...\n dst_release (... ./include/linux/rcuref.h:109)\n xfrm_user_policy (./include/net/sock.h:2239 ./include/net/sock.h:2256 net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c:3053)\n do_ip_setsockopt (net/ipv4/ip_sockglue.c:1347)\n ip_setsockopt (net/ipv4/ip_sockglue.c:1417)\n do_sock_setsockopt (net/socket.c:2368)\n __sys_setsockopt (net/socket.c:2393)\n __x64_sys_setsockopt (net/socket.c:2396)\n do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94)\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:121)\n\nReachable by an unprivileged user via a user+network namespace.\n\nUse the atomic sk_dst_reset() so the cache is cleared and released with a\nsingle xchg(): whichever side wins releases the dst once, the other sees\nNULL and does nothing. Behaviour is otherwise unchanged."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:L - Triggered via setsockopt(IP_XFRM_POLICY/IP_IPSEC_POLICY) on a local socket racing concurrent udp_sendmsg; entry is a local syscall path (do_ip_setsockopt -\u003e xfrm_user_policy), not packet processing.\nAC:L - Attacker controls both sides of the race (one thread setsockopt to clear/apply per-socket xfrm policy, another sendmsg on the same connected UDP socket) and can create the obsolete xfrm_dst precondition in their netns, retrying until the double dst_release wins.\nPR:L - Path requires CAP_NET_ADMIN checked with sockopt_ns_capable(sock_net(sk)-\u003euser_ns), which an unprivileged user obtains via user+network namespaces; the fix commit explicitly states this reachability.\nUI:N - Exploitation uses only the attacker\u0027s own socket, threads, and setsockopt/sendmsg loops; no victim action or cooperation is required.\nS:U - Double-free/UAF of the socket\u0027s dst_entry/xfrm_dst is standard local kernel memory corruption within the host kernel authority, not a VM escape or other cross-boundary impact.\nC:H - Double dst_release frees the xfrm_dst slab object while still referenced, yielding a use-after-free that can be reclaimed/sprayed to disclose kernel memory via corrupted dst contents and ops.\nI:H - The UAF targets a dst_entry with function pointers (ops/input/output) used on transmit, enabling heap reuse for arbitrary write and control-flow hijack consistent with comparable sk_dst_cache races.\nA:H - The KASAN slab-use-after-free in dst_release demonstrates kernel memory corruption that can oops/panic, and the attacker can repeat the race freely."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-27T12:39:44.254Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e8686fd8d18b99f3a9038683045b2f2338a7706d"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a9340ebdc13f8bb5063c0bc0b037ee7e640d4ae9"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f833821e4b52ab6335d443ede5fb79c38e61d19a"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f0ab9a71167bae308e05ab13b65e2007504a603f"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8dd8929b71c4f06c614f8f54c2cc070453faae16"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ea8f06454012d9e7f9c6e6253df710949bf6294"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/96b678d08268b5f5c6fc99d4289d9b7e334fc683"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c283e9ada7fcb7dd4b10592623086b2e6d2f9925"
}
],
"title": "xfrm: fix sk_dst_cache double-free in xfrm_user_policy()",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-64581",
"datePublished": "2026-08-05T08:09:35.556Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-07-19T15:36:31.798Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-27T12:39:44.254Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2026-64581",
"date": "2026-09-16",
"epss": "0.00117",
"percentile": "0.01909"
},
"nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-64581\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-08-05T08:16:38.177\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-08-27T13:18:30.887\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Received\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nxfrm: fix sk_dst_cache double-free in xfrm_user_policy()\\n\\nxfrm_user_policy() clears the socket dst cache with __sk_dst_reset(),\\ni.e. the non-atomic __sk_dst_set(sk, NULL): it reads sk_dst_cache with\\nrcu_dereference_protected(), stores NULL and dst_release()s the old dst.\\nThat is only safe if no other thread modifies sk_dst_cache concurrently.\\n\\nFor a connected UDP socket that does not hold: the transmit fast path\\n(udp_sendmsg -\u003e sk_dst_check -\u003e sk_dst_reset) resets the cache locklessly\\nwith an atomic xchg(). A per-socket policy change racing a send can make\\nboth sides observe the same old dst and each dst_release() it, dropping\\nthe socket\u0027s single reference twice and freeing the xfrm_dst bundle while\\nit is still referenced:\\n\\n BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in dst_release\\n Write of size 4 at addr ffff88801897b6c0 by task exploit/155\\n Call Trace:\\n ...\\n dst_release (... ./include/linux/rcuref.h:109)\\n xfrm_user_policy (./include/net/sock.h:2239 ./include/net/sock.h:2256 net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c:3053)\\n do_ip_setsockopt (net/ipv4/ip_sockglue.c:1347)\\n ip_setsockopt (net/ipv4/ip_sockglue.c:1417)\\n do_sock_setsockopt (net/socket.c:2368)\\n __sys_setsockopt (net/socket.c:2393)\\n __x64_sys_setsockopt (net/socket.c:2396)\\n do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94)\\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:121)\\n\\nReachable by an unprivileged user via a user+network namespace.\\n\\nUse the atomic sk_dst_reset() so the cache is cleared and released with a\\nsingle xchg(): whichever side wins releases the dst once, the other sees\\nNULL and does nothing. Behaviour is otherwise unchanged.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0\",\"lessThan\":\"e8686fd8d18b99f3a9038683045b2f2338a7706d\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0\",\"lessThan\":\"a9340ebdc13f8bb5063c0bc0b037ee7e640d4ae9\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0\",\"lessThan\":\"f833821e4b52ab6335d443ede5fb79c38e61d19a\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0\",\"lessThan\":\"f0ab9a71167bae308e05ab13b65e2007504a603f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0\",\"lessThan\":\"8dd8929b71c4f06c614f8f54c2cc070453faae16\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0\",\"lessThan\":\"0ea8f06454012d9e7f9c6e6253df710949bf6294\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0\",\"lessThan\":\"96b678d08268b5f5c6fc99d4289d9b7e334fc683\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"2b06cdf3e688b98fcc9945873b5d42792bd4eee0\",\"lessThan\":\"c283e9ada7fcb7dd4b10592623086b2e6d2f9925\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"72f157be2f81910ae759bfe2e5c2256fc4625645\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"9e9fe58a92a46c6d154d2901735bf230d91b8507\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"adc1ec6cdc20d430aa01b86497220709b9149466\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"b54033eb1cfd77aba471269ddd804ed8d3e35dea\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"c9e82cb34c3c2ee895af01bc899c6ed0bc6eb04a\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5eef9b51114fcc65651d671add52f267f91b9451\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"3.16.52\",\"lessThan\":\"3.17\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"4.4.163\",\"lessThan\":\"4.5\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"3.18.101\",\"lessThan\":\"3.19\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"4.1.52\",\"lessThan\":\"4.2\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"4.4.123\",\"lessThan\":\"4.5\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"4.9.89\",\"lessThan\":\"4.10\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4.14\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"4.14\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.267\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.218\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.185\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.154\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.106\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.47\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1.6\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.2\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ea8f06454012d9e7f9c6e6253df710949bf6294\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8dd8929b71c4f06c614f8f54c2cc070453faae16\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/96b678d08268b5f5c6fc99d4289d9b7e334fc683\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a9340ebdc13f8bb5063c0bc0b037ee7e640d4ae9\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c283e9ada7fcb7dd4b10592623086b2e6d2f9925\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e8686fd8d18b99f3a9038683045b2f2338a7706d\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f0ab9a71167bae308e05ab13b65e2007504a603f\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f833821e4b52ab6335d443ede5fb79c38e61d19a\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
"suse_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "important",
"current_release_date": "2026-09-15T01:45:09Z",
"cve": "CVE-2026-64581",
"id": "CVE-2026-64581",
"initial_release_date": "2026-08-06T01:06:13Z",
"product_status:first_fixed": "188",
"product_status:known_affected": "731",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "4",
"product_status:recommended": "46",
"source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
"status": "interim",
"title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-64581",
"url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-64581.json",
"version": "11"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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