CVE-2026-52845 (GCVE-0-2026-52845)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-23 17:52 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:09
VLAI
Title
Caddy: FastCGI header normalization bypass in `forward_auth copy_headers`
Summary
Caddy is an extensible server platform that uses TLS by default. Prior to 2.11.4, forward_auth copy_headers deletes the exact client-supplied identity header before copying the trusted value from the auth gateway. But when the request later goes through php_fastcgi, Caddy normalizes HTTP headers into CGI variables by replacing - with _. This lets a client send an underscore alias that survives the forward_auth delete step but becomes the same PHP/FastCGI variable. Result: a remote client can inject or sometimes override identity/group headers trusted by PHP/FastCGI applications behind Caddy. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.11.4.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
  • CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
  • CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-52845",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-24T14:25:18.472130Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-24T14:26:28.296Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/security/advisories/GHSA-f59h-q822-g45g"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "affected": [
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
            "product": "Red Hat Hardened Images",
            "vendor": "Red Hat"
          }
        ],
        "datePublic": "2026-06-23T17:52:01.871Z",
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "A flaw was found in Caddy, an extensible server platform. A remote attacker can exploit a vulnerability in the `forward_auth` `copy_headers` functionality. This occurs because Caddy normalizes HTTP headers into Common Gateway Interface (CGI) variables by replacing hyphens with underscores, allowing a client to send an underscore alias that bypasses the header deletion step. This enables the remote attacker to inject or override identity and group headers trusted by PHP/FastCGI applications operating behind Caddy."
          }
        ],
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "namespace": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/",
                "value": "Important"
              },
              "type": "Red Hat severity rating"
            }
          },
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
              "baseScore": 8.1,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
              "version": "3.1"
            },
            "format": "CVSS"
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-444",
                "description": "Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests (\u0027HTTP Request/Response Smuggling\u0027)",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:09:47.929Z",
          "orgId": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
          "shortName": "redhat-SADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "vdb-entry",
              "x_refsource_REDHAT"
            ],
            "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-52845"
          },
          {
            "name": "RHBZ#2491907",
            "tags": [
              "issue-tracking",
              "x_refsource_REDHAT"
            ],
            "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2491907"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_sadp-csaf-vex"
            ],
            "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-52845.json"
          }
        ],
        "timeline": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "time": "2026-06-23T19:02:21.968Z",
            "value": "Reported to Red Hat."
          },
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "time": "2026-06-23T17:52:01.871Z",
            "value": "Made public."
          }
        ],
        "title": "github.com/caddyserver/caddy: Caddy: Remote client can inject or override identity headers via header normalization",
        "x_adpType": "supplier",
        "x_generator": {
          "engine": "sadp-cli 1.0.0"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "caddy",
          "vendor": "caddyserver",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 2.11.4"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Caddy is an extensible server platform that uses TLS by default. Prior to 2.11.4, forward_auth copy_headers deletes the exact client-supplied identity header before copying the trusted value from the auth gateway. But when the request later goes through php_fastcgi, Caddy normalizes HTTP headers into CGI variables by replacing - with _. This lets a client send an underscore alias that survives the forward_auth delete step but becomes the same PHP/FastCGI variable. Result: a remote client can inject or sometimes override identity/group headers trusted by PHP/FastCGI applications behind Caddy. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.11.4."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 8.1,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-287",
              "description": "CWE-287: Improper Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-290",
              "description": "CWE-290: Authentication Bypass by Spoofing",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-444",
              "description": "CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests (\u0027HTTP Request/Response Smuggling\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-23T17:52:01.871Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/security/advisories/GHSA-f59h-q822-g45g",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/security/advisories/GHSA-f59h-q822-g45g"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-f59h-q822-g45g",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Caddy: FastCGI header normalization bypass in `forward_auth copy_headers`"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-52845",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-23T17:52:01.871Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-08T18:41:27.724Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:09:47.929Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-52845",
      "date": "2026-07-09",
      "epss": "0.00246",
      "percentile": "0.1581"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-52845\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"published\":\"2026-06-23T18:18:05.267\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-06-30T03:20:49.410\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Caddy is an extensible server platform that uses TLS by default. Prior to 2.11.4, forward_auth copy_headers deletes the exact client-supplied identity header before copying the trusted value from the auth gateway. But when the request later goes through php_fastcgi, Caddy normalizes HTTP headers into CGI variables by replacing - with _. This lets a client send an underscore alias that survives the forward_auth delete step but becomes the same PHP/FastCGI variable. Result: a remote client can inject or sometimes override identity/group headers trusted by PHP/FastCGI applications behind Caddy. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.11.4.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"caddyserver\",\"product\":\"caddy\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"\u003c 2.11.4\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]},{\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Red Hat\",\"product\":\"Red Hat Hardened Images\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"cpes\":[\"cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1\"]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N\",\"baseScore\":8.1,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"NONE\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.8,\"impactScore\":5.2},{\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N\",\"baseScore\":8.1,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"NONE\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.8,\"impactScore\":5.2}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2026-06-24T14:25:18.472130Z\",\"id\":\"CVE-2026-52845\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"poc\"},{\"automatable\":\"no\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"total\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-287\"},{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-290\"},{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-444\"}]},{\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-444\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:caddyserver:caddy:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"2.11.4\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"6CC2FFA3-3F35-452A-A0B6-C1B66C0C73E6\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/security/advisories/GHSA-f59h-q822-g45g\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-52845\",\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\"},{\"url\":\"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2491907\",\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/security/advisories/GHSA-f59h-q822-g45g\",\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-52845.json\",\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-30T03:49:29+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-52845",
      "id": "CVE-2026-52845",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-06-23T17:52:01.871000+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "github.com/caddyserver/caddy: Caddy: Remote client can inject or override identity headers via header normalization",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-52845.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"github.com/caddyserver/caddy: Caddy: Remote client can inject or override identity headers via header normalization\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"Red Hat severity rating\", \"content\": {\"value\": \"Important\", \"namespace\": \"https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/\"}}}, {\"format\": \"CVSS\", \"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 8.1, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"cpes\": [\"cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1\"], \"vendor\": \"Red Hat\", \"product\": \"Red Hat Hardened Images\", \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}], \"timeline\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"time\": \"2026-06-23T19:02:21.968Z\", \"value\": \"Reported to Red Hat.\"}, {\"lang\": \"en\", \"time\": \"2026-06-23T17:52:01.871Z\", \"value\": \"Made public.\"}], \"x_adpType\": \"supplier\", \"datePublic\": \"2026-06-23T17:52:01.871Z\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-52845\", \"tags\": [\"vdb-entry\", \"x_refsource_REDHAT\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2491907\", \"name\": \"RHBZ#2491907\", \"tags\": [\"issue-tracking\", \"x_refsource_REDHAT\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-52845.json\", \"tags\": [\"x_sadp-csaf-vex\"]}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"sadp-cli 1.0.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"A flaw was found in Caddy, an extensible server platform. A remote attacker can exploit a vulnerability in the `forward_auth` `copy_headers` functionality. This occurs because Caddy normalizes HTTP headers into Common Gateway Interface (CGI) variables by replacing hyphens with underscores, allowing a client to send an underscore alias that bypasses the header deletion step. This enables the remote attacker to inject or override identity and group headers trusted by PHP/FastCGI applications operating behind Caddy.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-444\", \"description\": \"Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests (\u0027HTTP Request/Response Smuggling\u0027)\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\", \"shortName\": \"redhat-SADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-30T03:18:46.337Z\"}}, {\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-52845\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"poc\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-06-24T14:25:18.472130Z\"}}}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/security/advisories/GHSA-f59h-q822-g45g\", \"tags\": [\"exploit\"]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-24T14:26:00.572Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"Caddy: FastCGI header normalization bypass in `forward_auth copy_headers`\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-f59h-q822-g45g\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 8.1, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"caddyserver\", \"product\": \"caddy\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003c 2.11.4\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/security/advisories/GHSA-f59h-q822-g45g\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/security/advisories/GHSA-f59h-q822-g45g\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Caddy is an extensible server platform that uses TLS by default. Prior to 2.11.4, forward_auth copy_headers deletes the exact client-supplied identity header before copying the trusted value from the auth gateway. But when the request later goes through php_fastcgi, Caddy normalizes HTTP headers into CGI variables by replacing - with _. This lets a client send an underscore alias that survives the forward_auth delete step but becomes the same PHP/FastCGI variable. Result: a remote client can inject or sometimes override identity/group headers trusted by PHP/FastCGI applications behind Caddy. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.11.4.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-287\", \"description\": \"CWE-287: Improper Authentication\"}]}, {\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-290\", \"description\": \"CWE-290: Authentication Bypass by Spoofing\"}]}, {\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-444\", \"description\": \"CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests (\u0027HTTP Request/Response Smuggling\u0027)\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"shortName\": \"GitHub_M\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-23T17:52:01.871Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-52845\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-30T03:18:46.337Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-06-08T18:41:27.724Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-06-23T17:52:01.871Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.


Loading…

Loading…

Loading…

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Loading…

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Loading…

Loading…