CVE-2026-45933 (GCVE-0-2026-45933)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-27 12:17 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:28
VLAI
Title
bpf: Preserve id of register in sync_linked_regs()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Preserve id of register in sync_linked_regs() sync_linked_regs() copies the id of known_reg to reg when propagating bounds of known_reg to reg using the off of known_reg, but when known_reg was linked to reg like: known_reg = reg ; both known_reg and reg get same id known_reg += 4 ; known_reg gets off = 4, and its id gets BPF_ADD_CONST now when a call to sync_linked_regs() happens, let's say with the following: if known_reg >= 10 goto pc+2 known_reg's new bounds are propagated to reg but now reg gets BPF_ADD_CONST from the copy. This means if another link to reg is created like: another_reg = reg ; another_reg should get the id of reg but assign_scalar_id_before_mov() sees BPF_ADD_CONST on reg and assigns a new id to it. As reg has a new id now, known_reg's link to reg is broken. If we find new bounds for known_reg, they will not be propagated to reg. This can be seen in the selftest added in the next commit: 0: (85) call bpf_get_prandom_u32#7 ; R0=scalar() 1: (57) r0 &= 255 ; R0=scalar(smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255,var_off=(0x0; 0xff)) 2: (bf) r1 = r0 ; R0=scalar(id=1,smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255,var_off=(0x0; 0xff)) R1=scalar(id=1,smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255,var_off=(0x0; 0xff)) 3: (07) r1 += 4 ; R1=scalar(id=1+4,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=4,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=259,var_off=(0x0; 0x1ff)) 4: (a5) if r1 < 0xa goto pc+4 ; R1=scalar(id=1+4,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=10,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=259,var_off=(0x0; 0x1ff)) 5: (bf) r2 = r0 ; R0=scalar(id=2,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=6,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255) R2=scalar(id=2,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=6,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255) 6: (a5) if r1 < 0xe goto pc+2 ; R1=scalar(id=1+4,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=14,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=259,var_off=(0x0; 0x1ff)) 7: (35) if r0 >= 0xa goto pc+1 ; R0=scalar(id=2,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=6,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=9,var_off=(0x0; 0xf)) 8: (37) r0 /= 0 div by zero When 4 is verified, r1's bounds are propagated to r0 but r0 also gets BPF_ADD_CONST (bug). When 5 is verified, r0 gets a new id (2) and its link with r1 is broken. After 6 we know r1 has bounds [14, 259] and therefore r0 should have bounds [10, 255], therefore the branch at 7 is always taken. But because r0's id was changed to 2, r1's new bounds are not propagated to r0. The verifier still thinks r0 has bounds [6, 255] before 7 and execution can reach div by zero. Fix this by preserving id in sync_linked_regs() like off and subreg_def.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 98d7ca374ba4b39e7535613d40e159f09ca14da2 , < 58059335e46537de682db84984f7716c813208c4 (git)
Affected: 98d7ca374ba4b39e7535613d40e159f09ca14da2 , < 92a8cb1806adefb263cf096eab6705705cf7eee1 (git)
Affected: 98d7ca374ba4b39e7535613d40e159f09ca14da2 , < 65d114b5270b62aefb820ecd6c3b7caeea8f895d (git)
Affected: 98d7ca374ba4b39e7535613d40e159f09ca14da2 , < af9e89d8dd39530c8bd14c33ddf6b502df1071b6 (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 6.11
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.11 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.75 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.14 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.19.4 , ≤ 6.19.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.0 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Preserve id of register in sync_linked_regs()\n\nsync_linked_regs() copies the id of known_reg to reg when propagating\nbounds of known_reg to reg using the off of known_reg, but when\nknown_reg was linked to reg like:\n\nknown_reg = reg         ; both known_reg and reg get same id\nknown_reg += 4          ; known_reg gets off = 4, and its id gets BPF_ADD_CONST\n\nnow when a call to sync_linked_regs() happens, let\u0027s say with the following:\n\nif known_reg \u003e= 10 goto pc+2\n\nknown_reg\u0027s new bounds are propagated to reg but now reg gets\nBPF_ADD_CONST from the copy.\n\nThis means if another link to reg is created like:\n\nanother_reg = reg       ; another_reg should get the id of reg but\n                          assign_scalar_id_before_mov() sees\n                          BPF_ADD_CONST on reg and assigns a new id to it.\n\nAs reg has a new id now, known_reg\u0027s link to reg is broken. If we find\nnew bounds for known_reg, they will not be propagated to reg.\n\nThis can be seen in the selftest added in the next commit:\n\n0: (85) call bpf_get_prandom_u32#7    ; R0=scalar()\n1: (57) r0 \u0026= 255                     ; R0=scalar(smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255,var_off=(0x0; 0xff))\n2: (bf) r1 = r0                       ; R0=scalar(id=1,smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255,var_off=(0x0; 0xff)) R1=scalar(id=1,smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255,var_off=(0x0; 0xff))\n3: (07) r1 += 4                       ; R1=scalar(id=1+4,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=4,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=259,var_off=(0x0; 0x1ff))\n4: (a5) if r1 \u003c 0xa goto pc+4         ; R1=scalar(id=1+4,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=10,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=259,var_off=(0x0; 0x1ff))\n5: (bf) r2 = r0                       ; R0=scalar(id=2,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=6,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255) R2=scalar(id=2,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=6,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255)\n6: (a5) if r1 \u003c 0xe goto pc+2         ; R1=scalar(id=1+4,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=14,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=259,var_off=(0x0; 0x1ff))\n7: (35) if r0 \u003e= 0xa goto pc+1        ; R0=scalar(id=2,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=6,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=9,var_off=(0x0; 0xf))\n8: (37) r0 /= 0\ndiv by zero\n\nWhen 4 is verified, r1\u0027s bounds are propagated to r0 but r0 also gets\nBPF_ADD_CONST (bug).\nWhen 5 is verified, r0 gets a new id (2) and its link with r1 is broken.\n\nAfter 6 we know r1 has bounds [14, 259] and therefore r0 should have\nbounds [10, 255], therefore the branch at 7 is always taken. But because\nr0\u0027s id was changed to 2, r1\u0027s new bounds are not propagated to r0.\nThe verifier still thinks r0 has bounds [6, 255] before 7 and execution\ncan reach div by zero.\n\nFix this by preserving id in sync_linked_regs() like off and subreg_def."
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        "descriptions": [
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            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Preserve id of register in sync_linked_regs()\n\nsync_linked_regs() copies the id of known_reg to reg when propagating\nbounds of known_reg to reg using the off of known_reg, but when\nknown_reg was linked to reg like:\n\nknown_reg = reg         ; both known_reg and reg get same id\nknown_reg += 4          ; known_reg gets off = 4, and its id gets BPF_ADD_CONST\n\nnow when a call to sync_linked_regs() happens, let\u0027s say with the following:\n\nif known_reg \u003e= 10 goto pc+2\n\nknown_reg\u0027s new bounds are propagated to reg but now reg gets\nBPF_ADD_CONST from the copy.\n\nThis means if another link to reg is created like:\n\nanother_reg = reg       ; another_reg should get the id of reg but\n                          assign_scalar_id_before_mov() sees\n                          BPF_ADD_CONST on reg and assigns a new id to it.\n\nAs reg has a new id now, known_reg\u0027s link to reg is broken. If we find\nnew bounds for known_reg, they will not be propagated to reg.\n\nThis can be seen in the selftest added in the next commit:\n\n0: (85) call bpf_get_prandom_u32#7    ; R0=scalar()\n1: (57) r0 \u0026= 255                     ; R0=scalar(smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255,var_off=(0x0; 0xff))\n2: (bf) r1 = r0                       ; R0=scalar(id=1,smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255,var_off=(0x0; 0xff)) R1=scalar(id=1,smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255,var_off=(0x0; 0xff))\n3: (07) r1 += 4                       ; R1=scalar(id=1+4,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=4,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=259,var_off=(0x0; 0x1ff))\n4: (a5) if r1 \u003c 0xa goto pc+4         ; R1=scalar(id=1+4,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=10,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=259,var_off=(0x0; 0x1ff))\n5: (bf) r2 = r0                       ; R0=scalar(id=2,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=6,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255) R2=scalar(id=2,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=6,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255)\n6: (a5) if r1 \u003c 0xe goto pc+2         ; R1=scalar(id=1+4,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=14,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=259,var_off=(0x0; 0x1ff))\n7: (35) if r0 \u003e= 0xa goto pc+1        ; R0=scalar(id=2,smin=umin=smin32=umin32=6,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=9,var_off=(0x0; 0xf))\n8: (37) r0 /= 0\ndiv by zero\n\nWhen 4 is verified, r1\u0027s bounds are propagated to r0 but r0 also gets\nBPF_ADD_CONST (bug).\nWhen 5 is verified, r0 gets a new id (2) and its link with r1 is broken.\n\nAfter 6 we know r1 has bounds [14, 259] and therefore r0 should have\nbounds [10, 255], therefore the branch at 7 is always taken. But because\nr0\u0027s id was changed to 2, r1\u0027s new bounds are not propagated to r0.\nThe verifier still thinks r0 has bounds [6, 255] before 7 and execution\ncan reach div by zero.\n\nFix this by preserving id in sync_linked_regs() like off and subreg_def."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-45933",
        "lastModified": "2026-06-24T17:11:11.247",
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                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
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                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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        "published": "2026-05-27T14:17:09.297",
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            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/92a8cb1806adefb263cf096eab6705705cf7eee1"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/af9e89d8dd39530c8bd14c33ddf6b502df1071b6"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Undergoing Analysis",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"
              }
            ],
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Low",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-02T21:32:00+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-45933",
      "id": "CVE-2026-45933",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-05-27T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "184",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "90",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: bpf: Preserve id of register in sync_linked_regs()",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-45933.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-01T01:13:41Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-45933",
      "id": "CVE-2026-45933",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-05-28T03:55:55Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "2",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "370",
      "product_status:recommended": "145",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-45933",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-45933.json",
      "version": "9"
    }
  }
}



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Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.