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CVE-2025-68645 (GCVE-0-2025-68645)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-22 00:00 – Updated: 2026-02-26 16:07
VLAI CISA Shadowserver Previdian
Summary
A Local File Inclusion (LFI) vulnerability exists in the Webmail Classic UI of Zimbra Collaboration (ZCS) 10.0 and 10.1 because of improper handling of user-supplied request parameters in the RestFilter servlet. An unauthenticated remote attacker can craft requests to the /h/rest endpoint to influence internal request dispatching, allowing inclusion of arbitrary files from the WebRoot directory.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: active Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-23 04:55 UTC
CWE
  • n/a
  • CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')
Assigner
References
CISA
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 06424b89-db33-4bd7-899f-8ddeaada507a

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2025-68645

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2026-01-22 00:00 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Timestamps
First Seen: 2026-01-22
Asserted: 2026-01-22
Scope
Notes: KEV entry: Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) PHP Remote File Inclusion Vulnerability | Affected: Synacor / Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) | Description: Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) contains a PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability that could allow for remote attackers to craft requests to the /h/rest endpoint to influence internal request dispatching, allowing inclusion of arbitrary files from the WebRoot directory. | Required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. | Due date: 2026-02-12 | Known ransomware campaign use (KEV): Unknown | Notes (KEV): https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Security_Center ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68645
Evidence

Type: Vendor Report

Signal: Successful Exploitation

Confidence: 80%

Source: cisa-kev

Details
Cwes CWE-98
Feed CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog
Product Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS)
Due Date 2026-02-12
Date Added 2026-01-22
Vendorproject Synacor
Vulnerabilityname Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) PHP Remote File Inclusion Vulnerability
Knownransomwarecampaignuse Unknown
References
Created: 2026-02-02 12:25 UTC | Updated: 2026-02-06 07:17 UTC
Shadowserver
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 24f42e85-57e1-4089-b859-54a8274ed3d6

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2025-68645

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2026-07-16 00:00 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Characteristics
Severity: 88.0
Timestamps
First Seen: 2026-01-14
Asserted: 2026-01-14
Last Seen: 2026-07-16
Scope
Asset Exposure: ['internet-facing']
Notes: Affected: Zimbra / Zimbra Collaboration Suite | Class: email | Severity: High (CVSS 8.8) | IoT: no | In CISA KEV: yes | Honeypot connections on 2026-07-16: 9
Evidence

Type: Honeypot

Signal: In The Wild Attempts

Confidence: 70%

Source: shadowserver

Details
1D 1
Iot no
Feed Shadowserver Foundation honeypot/exploited-vulnerabilities
Type http-scan
Class email
7D Avg 1
Vendor Zimbra
30D Avg 3
90D Avg 2
Product Zimbra Collaboration Suite
Cisa Kev yes
Connections 9
Observation Date 2026-07-16
Vulnerability Class CVSS
Vulnerability Score 8.8
Vulnerability Severity High
References
Created: 2026-06-30 09:23 UTC | Updated: 2026-07-18 01:01 UTC
Previdian
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 24e64383-2048-493f-a47a-779023460ae5

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2025-68645

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2026-06-01 00:00 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Timestamps
First Seen: 2026-06-01
Asserted: 2026-06-01
Scope
Notes: KEVIntel entry: A Local File Inclusion (LFI) vulnerability exists in the Webmail Classic UI of Zimbra Collaboration (ZCS) 10.0 and 10.1 because of improper... | Affected: Zimbra / Zimbra Collaboration (ZCS) | CVSS: 8.8 (HIGH) | EPSS: 0.31769 | Used in malware: unknown | Not yet in CISA KEV: False
Evidence

Type: Public Report

Signal: Successful Exploitation

Confidence: 70%

Source: kevintel

Details
Feed KEVIntel (kevintel.com)
Title A Local File Inclusion (LFI) vulnerability exists in the Webmail Classic UI of Zimbra Collaboration (ZCS) 10.0 and 10.1 because of improper...
Vendor Zimbra
Product Zimbra Collaboration (ZCS)
Added Date 2026-06-01T00:00:00.000Z
Cvss Score 8.8
Epss Score 0.31769
Cvss Severity HIGH
Epss Percentile 0.9807
Used In Malware unknown
Ahead Of Cisa Kev 
{
  "count": 1,
  "unit": "day"
}
Not Yet In Cisa Kev False
References
Created: 2026-06-23 14:03 UTC | Updated: 2026-07-10 06:14 UTC
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.