CVE-2025-41234 (GCVE-0-2025-41234)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-12 21:14 – Updated: 2025-06-13 14:03
VLAI
Title
RFD Attack via “Content-Disposition” Header Sourced from Request
Summary
Description In Spring Framework, versions 6.0.x as of 6.0.5, versions 6.1.x and 6.2.x, an application is vulnerable to a reflected file download (RFD) attack when it sets a “Content-Disposition” header with a non-ASCII charset, where the filename attribute is derived from user-supplied input. Specifically, an application is vulnerable when all the following are true: * The header is prepared with org.springframework.http.ContentDisposition. * The filename is set via ContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String, Charset). * The value for the filename is derived from user-supplied input. * The application does not sanitize the user-supplied input. * The downloaded content of the response is injected with malicious commands by the attacker (see RFD paper reference for details). An application is not vulnerable if any of the following is true: * The application does not set a “Content-Disposition” response header. * The header is not prepared with org.springframework.http.ContentDisposition. * The filename is set via one of: * ContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String), or * ContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String, ASCII) * The filename is not derived from user-supplied input. * The filename is derived from user-supplied input but sanitized by the application. * The attacker cannot inject malicious content in the downloaded content of the response. Affected Spring Products and VersionsSpring Framework: * 6.2.0 - 6.2.7 * 6.1.0 - 6.1.20 * 6.0.5 - 6.0.28 * Older, unsupported versions are not affected MitigationUsers of affected versions should upgrade to the corresponding fixed version. Affected version(s)Fix versionAvailability6.2.x6.2.8OSS6.1.x6.1.21OSS6.0.x6.0.29 Commercial https://enterprise.spring.io/ No further mitigation steps are necessary. CWE-113 in `Content-Disposition` handling in VMware Spring Framework versions 6.0.5 to 6.2.7 allows remote attackers to launch Reflected File Download (RFD) attacks via unsanitized user input in `ContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String, Charset)` with non-ASCII charsets.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Response Splitting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
VMware Spring Framework Affected: 6.0.5 , ≤ 6.0.28 (COMMERCIAL)
Affected: 6.1.0 , ≤ 6.1.20 (OSS)
Affected: 6.2.0 , ≤ 6.2.7 (OSS)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-06-12 21:00
Show details on NVD website
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Espec\u00edficamente, una aplicaci\u00f3n es vulnerable cuando todo lo siguiente es verdadero: * El encabezado se prepara con org.springframework.http.ContentDisposition. * El nombre de archivo se establece mediante ContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String, Charset). * El valor para el nombre de archivo se deriva de la entrada proporcionada por el usuario. * La aplicaci\u00f3n no desinfecta la entrada proporcionada por el usuario. * El atacante inyecta el contenido descargado de la respuesta con comandos maliciosos (consulte la referencia del documento RFD para obtener m\u00e1s detalles). Una aplicaci\u00f3n no es vulnerable si se cumple alguna de las siguientes condiciones: * La aplicaci\u00f3n no establece un encabezado de respuesta \\\"Content-Disposition\\\". * El encabezado no est\u00e1 preparado con org.springframework.http.ContentDisposition. * El nombre del archivo se establece mediante uno de los siguientes m\u00e9todos: * ContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String) o * ContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String, ASCII). * El nombre del archivo no se deriva de la entrada proporcionada por el usuario. * El nombre del archivo se deriva de la entrada proporcionada por el usuario, pero la aplicaci\u00f3n lo desinfecta. * El atacante no puede inyectar contenido malicioso en el contenido descargado de la respuesta. 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El error CWE-113 en la gesti\u00f3n de `Content-Disposition` en VMware Spring Framework, versiones 6.0.5 a 6.2.7, permite a atacantes remotos lanzar ataques de descarga reflejada de archivos (RFD) mediante la entrada de usuario no depurada en `ContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String, Charset)` con conjuntos de caracteres no ASCII.\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"security@vmware.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N\",\"baseScore\":6.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"HIGH\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"REQUIRED\",\"scope\":\"CHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"LOW\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"NONE\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.3,\"impactScore\":4.7}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security@vmware.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-113\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln-metrics/cvss/v3-calculator?vector=AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N\u0026version=3.1\",\"source\":\"security@vmware.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-41234\",\"source\":\"security@vmware.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://spring.io/security/cve-2025-41234\",\"source\":\"security@vmware.com\"}]}}",
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      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-41234\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-06-13T14:03:20.791564Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-06-13T14:03:26.685Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"RFD Attack via \\u201cContent-Disposition\\u201d Header Sourced from Request\", \"source\": {\"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"impacts\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Allows Reflected File Download (RFD) leading to potential compromise of confidentiality and integrity through malicious content injection in downloaded files.\"}]}], \"metrics\": [{\"format\": \"CVSS\", \"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"CHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 6.5, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N\", \"integrityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"userInteraction\": \"REQUIRED\", \"attackComplexity\": \"HIGH\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}, \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"GENERAL\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"VMware\", \"product\": \"Spring Framework\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"changes\": [{\"at\": \"6.0.29\", \"status\": \"unaffected\"}], \"version\": \"6.0.5\", \"versionType\": \"COMMERCIAL\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.0.28\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"changes\": [{\"at\": \"6.1.21\", \"status\": \"unaffected\"}], \"version\": \"6.1.0\", \"versionType\": \"OSS\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.1.20\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"changes\": [{\"at\": \"6.2.8\", \"status\": \"unaffected\"}], \"version\": \"6.2.0\", \"versionType\": \"OSS\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.2.7\"}], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}], \"datePublic\": \"2025-06-12T21:00:00.000Z\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://spring.io/security/cve-2025-41234\"}, {\"url\": \"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-41234\"}, {\"url\": \"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln-metrics/cvss/v3-calculator?vector=AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N\u0026version=3.1\"}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"Vulnogram 0.2.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Description\\n\\nIn Spring Framework, versions 6.0.x as of 6.0.5, versions 6.1.x and 6.2.x, an application is vulnerable to a reflected file download (RFD) attack when it sets a \\u201cContent-Disposition\\u201d header with a non-ASCII charset, where the filename attribute is derived from user-supplied input.\\n\\nSpecifically, an application is vulnerable when all the following are true:\\n\\n  *  The header is prepared with org.springframework.http.ContentDisposition.\\n  *  The filename is set via ContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String, Charset).\\n  *  The value for the filename is derived from user-supplied input.\\n  *  The application does not sanitize the user-supplied input.\\n  *  The downloaded content of the response is injected with malicious commands by the attacker (see RFD paper reference for details).\\n\\n\\nAn application is not vulnerable if any of the following is true:\\n\\n  *  The application does not set a \\u201cContent-Disposition\\u201d response header.\\n  *  The header is not prepared with org.springframework.http.ContentDisposition.\\n  *  The filename is set via one of:  *  ContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String), or\\n  *  ContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String, ASCII)\\n\\n\\n\\n  *  The filename is not derived from user-supplied input.\\n  *  The filename is derived from user-supplied input but sanitized by the application.\\n  *  The attacker cannot inject malicious content in the downloaded content of the response.\\n\\n\\nAffected Spring Products and VersionsSpring Framework:\\n\\n  *  6.2.0 - 6.2.7\\n  *  6.1.0 - 6.1.20\\n  *  6.0.5 - 6.0.28\\n  *  Older, unsupported versions are not affected\\n\\n\\nMitigationUsers of affected versions should upgrade to the corresponding fixed version.\\n\\nAffected version(s)Fix versionAvailability6.2.x6.2.8OSS6.1.x6.1.21OSS6.0.x6.0.29 Commercial https://enterprise.spring.io/ No further mitigation steps are necessary.\\n\\n\\nCWE-113 in `Content-Disposition` handling in VMware Spring Framework versions 6.0.5 to 6.2.7 allows remote attackers to launch Reflected File Download (RFD) attacks via unsanitized user input in `ContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String, Charset)` with non-ASCII charsets.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch1\u003eDescription\u003c/h1\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn Spring Framework, versions 6.0.x as of 6.0.5, versions 6.1.x and 6.2.x, an application is vulnerable to a reflected file download (RFD) attack when it sets a \\u201cContent-Disposition\\u201d header with a non-ASCII charset, where the filename attribute is derived from user-supplied input.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSpecifically, an application is vulnerable when all the following are true:\u003c/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe header is prepared with \u003ccode\u003eorg.springframework.http.ContentDisposition\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe filename is set via \u003ccode\u003eContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String, Charset)\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe value for the filename is derived from user-supplied input.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe application does not sanitize the user-supplied input.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe downloaded content of the response is injected with malicious commands by the attacker (see RFD paper reference for details).\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eAn application is not vulnerable if any of the following is true:\u003c/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe application does not set a \\u201cContent-Disposition\\u201d response header.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe header is not prepared with \u003ccode\u003eorg.springframework.http.ContentDisposition\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe filename is set via one of:\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003ccode\u003eContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String)\u003c/code\u003e, or\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003ccode\u003eContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String, ASCII)\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe filename is not derived from user-supplied input.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe filename is derived from user-supplied input but sanitized by the application.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe attacker cannot inject malicious content in the downloaded content of the response.\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003ch1\u003eAffected Spring Products and Versions\u003c/h1\u003e\u003cp\u003eSpring Framework:\u003c/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003e6.2.0 - 6.2.7\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e6.1.0 - 6.1.20\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e6.0.5 - 6.0.28\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eOlder, unsupported versions are not affected\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003ch1\u003eMitigation\u003c/h1\u003e\u003cp\u003eUsers of affected versions should upgrade to the corresponding fixed version.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eAffected version(s)\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth\u003eFix version\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth\u003eAvailability\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/thead\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e6.2.x\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e6.2.8\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eOSS\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e6.1.x\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e6.1.21\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eOSS\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e6.0.x\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e6.0.29\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" href=\\\"https://enterprise.spring.io/\\\"\u003eCommercial\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tbody\u003e\u003c/table\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo further mitigation steps are necessary.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCWE-113 in `Content-Disposition` handling in VMware Spring Framework versions 6.0.5 to 6.2.7 allows remote attackers to launch Reflected File Download (RFD) attacks via unsanitized user input in `ContentDisposition.Builder#filename(String, Charset)` with non-ASCII charsets.\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-113\", \"description\": \"CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers (\u0027HTTP Response Splitting\u0027)\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"dcf2e128-44bd-42ed-91e8-88f912c1401d\", \"shortName\": \"vmware\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-06-12T21:14:42.957Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-41234\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-06-13T14:03:35.406Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-04-16T09:29:46.972Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"dcf2e128-44bd-42ed-91e8-88f912c1401d\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-06-12T21:14:42.957Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"vmware\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}


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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.