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CVE-2025-40242 (GCVE-0-2025-40242)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-04 15:31 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:08
VLAI
Title
gfs2: Fix unlikely race in gdlm_put_lock
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gfs2: Fix unlikely race in gdlm_put_lock In gdlm_put_lock(), there is a small window of time in which the DFL_UNMOUNT flag has been set but the lockspace hasn't been released, yet. In that window, dlm may still call gdlm_ast() and gdlm_bast(). To prevent it from dereferencing freed glock objects, only free the glock if the lockspace has actually been released.
Severity
7 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: d1340f80f0b8066321b499a376780da00560e857 , < 5fdc1474e678eea1700aa266c0b7c2c96f81dd0d (git)
Affected: d1340f80f0b8066321b499a376780da00560e857 , < 4913592a3358f6ec366b8346b733d5e2360b08e1 (git)
Affected: d1340f80f0b8066321b499a376780da00560e857 , < 279bde3bbb0ac0bad5c729dfa85983d75a5d7641 (git)
Affected: d1340f80f0b8066321b499a376780da00560e857 , < 64c61b4ac645222fa7b724cef616c1f862a72a40 (git)
Affected: d1340f80f0b8066321b499a376780da00560e857 , < 28c4d9bc0708956c1a736a9e49fee71b65deee81 (git)
Affected: 6aa628c45875e7b8cca81ed9447a12a0e8f3504a (git)
Affected: a97e75203733be0a4263a78fb7b29352be150c1c (git)
Affected: 3554b46204e67333e1fb8be0e93936fb08267c80 (git)
Affected: 5cff77b9827a956d076168b56775aad23bce87e4 (git)
Affected: 8deedce385d220f90e435f534d71d27526273515 (git)
Affected: 2225a5cd2fbc2ef0e0f78e585db3844f60416a39 (git)
Affected: 02e838963fdaa6ce8570b5389aecdc6cf1fb40b0 (git)
Affected: 01eb3106f43335fdc02111358dae80a5c3fd324d (git)
Affected: 4.4.284 , < 4.5 (semver)
Affected: 4.9.283 , < 4.10 (semver)
Affected: 4.14.247 , < 4.15 (semver)
Affected: 4.19.207 , < 4.20 (semver)
Affected: 5.4.148 , < 5.5 (semver)
Affected: 5.10.67 , < 5.11 (semver)
Affected: 5.13.19 , < 5.14 (semver)
Affected: 5.14.6 , < 5.15 (semver)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 5.15
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.15 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.168 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.131 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.56 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.17.6 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ngfs2: Fix unlikely race in gdlm_put_lock\n\nIn gdlm_put_lock(), there is a small window of time in which the\nDFL_UNMOUNT flag has been set but the lockspace hasn\u0027t been released,\nyet.  In that window, dlm may still call gdlm_ast() and gdlm_bast().\nTo prevent it from dereferencing freed glock objects, only free the\nglock if the lockspace has actually been released."
        }
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
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            "version": "3.1"
          },
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              "value": "AV:L - The window is opened by a local umount or a local filesystem withdraw, and the glock free is performed by local filesystem activity (inode eviction, glock shrinker, `glock_work_func`); the DLM bast that dereferences the freed object comes from an authenticated cluster peer on a private interconnect and cannot by itself create the dangling pointer. There is no network-facing service path into `gdlm_put_lock()`.\nAC:H - Exploitation requires winning a race whose opening the attacker does not control \u2014 `DFL_UNMOUNT` is set only by a root-driven umount or an error-driven withdraw \u2014 and additionally requires a DLM ast/bast for that exact resource to arrive after the free but before `dlm_release_lockspace()` completes, plus slab reuse after the RCU grace period. The author explicitly characterises it as an \"unlikely race\" in a \"small window of time\".\nPR:L - Once the teardown window is open (via administrator umount, cluster-manager failover, or a withdraw provoked by storage errors), an ordinary unprivileged user with access to the GFS2 mount drives the vulnerable side: normal file operations force glock disposal through `__gfs2_glock_put \u2192 lm_put_lock`, and creating inodes sprays `gfs2_glock_cachep` to groom the freed object. No capability check exists anywhere on that path.\nUI:N - The attacker only performs ordinary file operations on an already-mounted GFS2 filesystem; no victim must open a file, mount media, or take any deliberate action. The privileged unmount/withdraw is an environmental system state, accounted for in Attack Complexity rather than user interaction.\nS:U - The freed `struct gfs2_glock`, the DLM callback that writes into it, and any resulting corruption all live in the host kernel\u0027s own security authority. No hypervisor, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - This is a use-after-free on a slab object whose contents the attacker can groom by reallocating glocks, and `gdlm_ast()` reads `gl-\u003egl_flags`, `gl-\u003egl_dstamp`, `gl-\u003egl_name.ln_type` and the `gl-\u003egl_name.ln_sbd` pointer out of the freed memory before the dead-lockref guard, using `ln_sbd` as a dereference target \u2014 giving an attacker-steerable kernel read primitive.\nI:H - Three distinct writes hit the freed object: DLM\u0027s `lksb-\u003esb_status`/`sb_flags` stores, `clear_bit(GLF_BLOCKING, \u0026gl-\u003egl_flags)`, and `gfs2_update_stats(\u0026gl-\u003egl_stats, ...)`; worse, `this_cpu_ptr(gl-\u003egl_name.ln_sbd-\u003esd_lkstats)` turns a groomed pointer in the freed object into the destination of a read-modify-write, and a surviving lockref check leads into `gfs2_glock_complete()` and `gl-\u003egl_ops` indirect calls \u2014 a control-flow hijack path.\nA:H - Dereferencing a freed glock from the DLM callback workqueue produces KASAN splats, oopses on garbage `ln_sbd`/`gl_ops` pointers, and `BUG()` in `gdlm_bast()` on an unrecognised mode, panicking the node. On a clustered filesystem, crashing the node also triggers fencing and cluster-wide recovery."
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        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:08:46.271Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5fdc1474e678eea1700aa266c0b7c2c96f81dd0d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4913592a3358f6ec366b8346b733d5e2360b08e1"
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/28c4d9bc0708956c1a736a9e49fee71b65deee81"
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      "title": "gfs2: Fix unlikely race in gdlm_put_lock",
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-40242",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-04T15:31:31.497Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.181Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:08:46.271Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
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  "dataVersion": "5.2",
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      "date": "2026-09-20",
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        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ngfs2: Fix unlikely race in gdlm_put_lock\n\nIn gdlm_put_lock(), there is a small window of time in which the\nDFL_UNMOUNT flag has been set but the lockspace hasn\u0027t been released,\nyet.  In that window, dlm may still call gdlm_ast() and gdlm_bast().\nTo prevent it from dereferencing freed glock objects, only free the\nglock if the lockspace has actually been released."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-40242",
        "lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:24:19.547",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.0,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.0,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2025-12-04T16:16:17.390",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/279bde3bbb0ac0bad5c729dfa85983d75a5d7641"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/28c4d9bc0708956c1a736a9e49fee71b65deee81"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4913592a3358f6ec366b8346b733d5e2360b08e1"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5fdc1474e678eea1700aa266c0b7c2c96f81dd0d"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/64c61b4ac645222fa7b724cef616c1f862a72a40"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Deferred"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-30T08:38:10+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-40242",
      "id": "CVE-2025-40242",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-12-04T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "198",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "76",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: gfs2: Fix unlikely race in gdlm_put_lock",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-40242.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-11T01:54:32Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-40242",
      "id": "CVE-2025-40242",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-12-05T00:25:41Z",
      "product_status:first_fixed": "2",
      "product_status:known_affected": "393",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "210",
      "product_status:recommended": "603",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-40242",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-40242.json",
      "version": "48"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.