CVE-2025-40166 (GCVE-0-2025-40166)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-12 10:26 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:08
VLAI
Title
drm/xe/guc: Check GuC running state before deregistering exec queue
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/xe/guc: Check GuC running state before deregistering exec queue In normal operation, a registered exec queue is disabled and deregistered through the GuC, and freed only after the GuC confirms completion. However, if the driver is forced to unbind while the exec queue is still running, the user may call exec_destroy() after the GuC has already been stopped and CT communication disabled. In this case, the driver cannot receive a response from the GuC, preventing proper cleanup of exec queue resources. Fix this by directly releasing the resources when GuC is not running. Here is the failure dmesg log: " [ 468.089581] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [ 468.089608] pci 0000:03:00.0: [drm] *ERROR* GT0: GUC ID manager unclean (1/65535) [ 468.090558] pci 0000:03:00.0: [drm] GT0: total 65535 [ 468.090562] pci 0000:03:00.0: [drm] GT0: used 1 [ 468.090564] pci 0000:03:00.0: [drm] GT0: range 1..1 (1) [ 468.092716] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 468.092719] WARNING: CPU: 14 PID: 4775 at drivers/gpu/drm/xe/xe_ttm_vram_mgr.c:298 ttm_vram_mgr_fini+0xf8/0x130 [xe] " v2: use xe_uc_fw_is_running() instead of xe_guc_ct_enabled(). As CT may go down and come back during VF migration. (cherry picked from commit 9b42321a02c50a12b2beb6ae9469606257fbecea)
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: dd08ebf6c3525a7ea2186e636df064ea47281987 , < 2c6e5904c5bdbac8e0eadee40f70c42bb83f6dc6 (git)
Affected: dd08ebf6c3525a7ea2186e636df064ea47281987 , < fa708415566bbe5361c935645107319f8edc8dc1 (git)
Affected: dd08ebf6c3525a7ea2186e636df064ea47281987 , < 9f64b3cd051b825de0a2a9f145c8e003200cedd5 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 6.8
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.8 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.55 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.17.5 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
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      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/gpu/drm/xe/xe_guc_submit.c"
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          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.8"
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
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              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17.5",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.17.5",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.8",
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
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              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/xe/guc: Check GuC running state before deregistering exec queue\n\nIn normal operation, a registered exec queue is disabled and\nderegistered through the GuC, and freed only after the GuC confirms\ncompletion. However, if the driver is forced to unbind while the exec\nqueue is still running, the user may call exec_destroy() after the GuC\nhas already been stopped and CT communication disabled.\n\nIn this case, the driver cannot receive a response from the GuC,\npreventing proper cleanup of exec queue resources. Fix this by directly\nreleasing the resources when GuC is not running.\n\nHere is the failure dmesg log:\n\"\n[  468.089581] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n[  468.089608] pci 0000:03:00.0: [drm] *ERROR* GT0: GUC ID manager unclean (1/65535)\n[  468.090558] pci 0000:03:00.0: [drm] GT0:     total 65535\n[  468.090562] pci 0000:03:00.0: [drm] GT0:     used 1\n[  468.090564] pci 0000:03:00.0: [drm] GT0:     range 1..1 (1)\n[  468.092716] ------------[ cut here ]------------\n[  468.092719] WARNING: CPU: 14 PID: 4775 at drivers/gpu/drm/xe/xe_ttm_vram_mgr.c:298 ttm_vram_mgr_fini+0xf8/0x130 [xe]\n\"\n\nv2: use xe_uc_fw_is_running() instead of xe_guc_ct_enabled().\n    As CT may go down and come back during VF migration.\n\n(cherry picked from commit 9b42321a02c50a12b2beb6ae9469606257fbecea)"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached only through the local DRM character device \u2014 `ioctl(DRM_IOCTL_XE_EXEC_QUEUE_DESTROY)` on `/dev/dri/renderD*` or closing that fd via `xe_file_close()`; no network or adjacent-network input feeds `__guc_exec_queue_process_msg_cleanup()`.\nAC:L - There is no race for the attacker to win \u2014 once the GuC firmware is no longer marked running (driver unbind, PCI hot-unplug of a Thunderbolt/USB4 eGPU, FLR-based shutdown, or CT teardown), every cleanup of a still-registered exec queue deterministically takes the broken `disable_scheduling_deregister()` branch, and the attacker simply keeps a submitted exec queue alive so its destruction lands in that window.\nPR:L - `XE_EXEC_QUEUE_DESTROY` and `XE_EXEC_QUEUE_CREATE` are registered with `DRM_RENDER_ALLOW` and perform no capability check, so any unprivileged local account in the `render`/`video` group \u2014 including a container or sandbox given `/dev/dri` passthrough \u2014 can create and destroy exec queues.\nUI:N - The triggering action is entirely the attacker\u0027s own \u2014 an `exec_destroy()` ioctl or simply exiting the process so `xe_file_close()` tears down its queues \u2014 and the device-teardown side occurs on ordinary system events (shutdown/FLR, hot-unplug, driver reload) rather than requiring a separate victim to perform an action.\nS:U - The leaked exec queue, stale GuC IDs, dangling TTM VRAM manager and subsequent stale-work dereferences are all confined to the host kernel\u0027s own memory and the same security authority; no hypervisor, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - Because `__guc_exec_queue_destroy_async()` \u2014 explicitly commented \"Confirm no work left behind accessing device structures\" \u2014 never runs, the DRM scheduler\u0027s `work_tdr` delayed work stays armed on a leaked `xe_guc_exec_queue` and later dereferences the drmm-freed `xe_device`/`xe_gt`/`xe_guc`, a use-after-free read of reclaimed kernel memory that an attacker can groom with heap spraying; the leaked LRC/ring VRAM objects are likewise never scrubbed or returned to the allocator.\nI:H - The same never-cancelled TDR work and never-fini\u0027d `drm_gpu_scheduler`/entity fire against freed device structures \u2014 and after `rmmod xe` against freed module text \u2014 giving a write and control-flow hijack primitive over reclaimed memory, while `ttm_vram_mgr_fini()`\u0027s early return leaves a stale `ttm_resource_manager` pointer registered in the freed `xe_device`.\nA:H - The bug reliably produces kernel WARN/assert splats (`xe_gt_assert` in `guc_submit_fini()` and `WARN_ON_ONCE` in `ttm_vram_mgr_fini()`, fatal on `panic_on_warn` systems), permanently leaks GuC IDs and VRAM so the GPU cannot be rebound without a reboot, and leaves `xe_drm_client_fdinfo()`\u0027s untimed `wait_var_event()` on `pending_removal` blocking forever, producing an unkillable uninterruptible-sleep task."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:08:11.302Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c6e5904c5bdbac8e0eadee40f70c42bb83f6dc6"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fa708415566bbe5361c935645107319f8edc8dc1"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9f64b3cd051b825de0a2a9f145c8e003200cedd5"
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      ],
      "title": "drm/xe/guc: Check GuC running state before deregistering exec queue",
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  "cveMetadata": {
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-40166",
    "datePublished": "2025-11-12T10:26:24.143Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.176Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:08:11.302Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
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  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-40166",
      "date": "2026-08-10",
      "epss": "0.00142",
      "percentile": "0.03965"
    },
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    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-30T08:44:25+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-40166",
      "id": "CVE-2025-40166",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-11-12T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "184",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "90",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: drm/xe/guc: Check GuC running state before deregistering exec queue",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-40166.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-31T01:03:11Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-40166",
      "id": "CVE-2025-40166",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-11-14T00:24:31Z",
      "product_status:first_fixed": "2",
      "product_status:known_affected": "394",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "374",
      "product_status:recommended": "265",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-40166",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-40166.json",
      "version": "32"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.