CVE-2025-38460 (GCVE-0-2025-38460)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-25 15:27 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
atm: clip: Fix potential null-ptr-deref in to_atmarpd().
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
atm: clip: Fix potential null-ptr-deref in to_atmarpd().
atmarpd is protected by RTNL since commit f3a0592b37b8 ("[ATM]: clip
causes unregister hang").
However, it is not enough because to_atmarpd() is called without RTNL,
especially clip_neigh_solicit() / neigh_ops->solicit() is unsleepable.
Also, there is no RTNL dependency around atmarpd.
Let's use a private mutex and RCU to protect access to atmarpd in
to_atmarpd().
Severity
Assigner
References
10 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < a4c5785feb979cd996a99cfaad8bf353b2e79301
(git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 70eac9ba7ce25d99c1d99bbf4ddb058940f631f9 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 3251ce3979f41bd228f77a7615f9dd616d06a110 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < ee4d9e4ddf3f9c4ee2ec0a3aad6196ee36d30e57 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 06935c50cfa3ac57cce80bba67b6d38ec1406e92 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 36caab990b69ef4eec1d81c52a19f080b7daa059 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < f58e4270c73e7f086322978d585ea67c8076ce49 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 706cc36477139c1616a9b2b96610a8bb520b7119 (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
2.6.12
Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.12 (semver) Unaffected: 5.4.296 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.240 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.189 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.146 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.99 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.39 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.15.7 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.16 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\natm: clip: Fix potential null-ptr-deref in to_atmarpd().\n\natmarpd is protected by RTNL since commit f3a0592b37b8 (\"[ATM]: clip\ncauses unregister hang\").\n\nHowever, it is not enough because to_atmarpd() is called without RTNL,\nespecially clip_neigh_solicit() / neigh_ops-\u003esolicit() is unsleepable.\n\nAlso, there is no RTNL dependency around atmarpd.\n\nLet\u0027s use a private mutex and RCU to protect access to atmarpd in\nto_atmarpd()."
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"value": "AV:L - The race is driven from local context \u2014 an ATM socket\u0027s ATMARPD_CTRL open/close on one side and local packet transmission over the atm%d CLIP device (clip_start_xmit/clip_neigh_solicit) on the other. Received network packets can only supply one half of the race and give a remote party no influence over the teardown side, so Local is the accurate vector.\nAC:H - Scoring the security-meaningful attacker (unprivileged local user), the exploit requires being inside to_atmarpd() exactly while atmarpd_close() NULLs and frees the daemon\u0027s vcc \u2014 the daemon teardown is a system condition that an unprivileged attacker cannot induce, even though they can hammer the trigger path continuously.\nPR:L - No privileges are needed to reach the vulnerable function: any local user sending IP traffic to unresolved addresses on a configured CLIP interface drives clip_start_xmit()/clip_neigh_solicit() \u2192 to_atmarpd(). Only the administrative setup (SIOCMKCLIP/ATMARPD_CTRL, capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN)) is privileged, and that is the pre-existing deployment, not the attack.\nUI:N - No victim action is required \u2014 the attacker\u0027s own traffic triggers the vulnerable path, and the daemon-teardown condition is accounted for in Attack Complexity rather than user interaction.\nS:U - Both the flaw and its impact are confined to the kernel\u0027s own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - Winning the race leaves the racing thread operating on a freed struct atm_vcc/sock allocated from the generic kmalloc caches, and a use-after-free of a sprayable sock object can be leveraged to read kernel memory.\nI:H - The stale pointer is used for an atomic_add() write, an skb_queue_tail() list insertion into freed memory, and an indirect call through the freed sock\u0027s sk_data_ready() \u2014 a write primitive plus control-flow hijack after heap grooming.\nA:H - The minimum outcome is a kernel oops \u2014 a NULL (or freed) sock dereference in atm_force_charge()/skb_queue_tail() and a call through a NULL/garbage sk_data_ready pointer \u2014 panicking the system."
}
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"title": "atm: clip: Fix potential null-ptr-deref in to_atmarpd().",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2025/msrc_cve-2025-38460.json",
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"nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-38460\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2025-07-25T16:15:31.787\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-07-30T06:23:15.477\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\natm: clip: Fix potential null-ptr-deref in to_atmarpd().\\n\\natmarpd is protected by RTNL since commit f3a0592b37b8 (\\\"[ATM]: clip\\ncauses unregister hang\\\").\\n\\nHowever, it is not enough because to_atmarpd() is called without RTNL,\\nespecially clip_neigh_solicit() / neigh_ops-\u003esolicit() is unsleepable.\\n\\nAlso, there is no RTNL dependency around atmarpd.\\n\\nLet\u0027s use a private mutex and RCU to protect access to atmarpd in\\nto_atmarpd().\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: atm: clip: Se corrige un posible error de referencia nulo en to_atmarpd(). atmarpd est\u00e1 protegido por RTNL desde el commit f3a0592b37b8 (\\\"[ATM]: clip provoca un bloqueo al cancelar el registro\\\"). Sin embargo, esto no es suficiente, ya que to_atmarpd() se llama sin RTNL, especialmente clip_neigh_solicit() / neigh_ops-\u0026gt;solicit() no se puede suspender. Adem\u00e1s, atmarpd no depende de RTNL. Usemos un mutex privado y una RCU para proteger el acceso a atmarpd en to_atmarpd().\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/atm/clip.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"a4c5785feb979cd996a99cfaad8bf353b2e79301\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"70eac9ba7ce25d99c1d99bbf4ddb058940f631f9\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"3251ce3979f41bd228f77a7615f9dd616d06a110\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"ee4d9e4ddf3f9c4ee2ec0a3aad6196ee36d30e57\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"06935c50cfa3ac57cce80bba67b6d38ec1406e92\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"36caab990b69ef4eec1d81c52a19f080b7daa059\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"f58e4270c73e7f086322978d585ea67c8076ce49\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"706cc36477139c1616a9b2b96610a8bb520b7119\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/atm/clip.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"2.6.12\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"2.6.12\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.4.296\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.4.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.240\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.189\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.146\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.99\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.39\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.15.7\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.16\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.0,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"HIGH\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.0,\"impactScore\":5.9},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":5.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":3.6}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-476\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"2.6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.4.296\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"4FB4C5CA-BF3E-41D0-9451-C110FB7E62C6\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.5\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.10.240\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"0E73A49A-F9B2-470F-91B2-6FAB6239BDB6\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.11\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.15.189\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"3CE0FB9A-DBE8-48B6-BF6E-3C724A4991E3\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.16\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.1.146\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D8DA1166-5C95-475E-BF65-1DF621968E96\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"cri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Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]}]}}",
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Low",
"current_release_date": "2026-07-30T10:09:04+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-38460",
"id": "CVE-2025-38460",
"initial_release_date": "2025-07-25T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_affected": "198",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "76",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: atm: clip: Fix potential null-ptr-deref in to_atmarpd().",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-38460.json",
"version": "3"
},
"suse_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-09-11T02:00:51Z",
"cve": "CVE-2025-38460",
"id": "CVE-2025-38460",
"initial_release_date": "2025-07-28T23:23:10Z",
"product_status:first_fixed": "2",
"product_status:known_affected": "582",
"product_status:recommended": "794",
"source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
"status": "interim",
"title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-38460",
"url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-38460.json",
"version": "67"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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