CVE-2025-31201 (GCVE-0-2025-31201)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-16 18:24 – Updated: 2025-11-25 04:55
VLAI? CISA KEV
Summary
This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1, iOS iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1. An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS.
Severity ?
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS.
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apple visionOS Affected: unspecified , < 2.4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
    Apple iOS iOS and iPadOS Affected: unspecified , < 18.4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
    Apple tvOS Affected: unspecified , < 18.4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
    Apple macOS Affected: unspecified , < 15.4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
CISA KEV
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 912d6630-240d-459e-acd2-54ff91770da9

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2025-31201

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2025-04-17 00:00 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Timestamps
First Seen: 2025-04-17
Asserted: 2025-04-17
Scope
Notes: KEV entry: Apple Multiple Products Arbitrary Read and Write Vulnerability | Affected: Apple / Multiple Products | Description: Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and other Apple products contain an arbitrary read and write vulnerability that allows an attacker to bypass Pointer Authentication. | Required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. | Due date: 2025-05-08 | Known ransomware campaign use (KEV): Unknown | Notes (KEV): https://support.apple.com/en-us/122282 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/122400 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/122401 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/122402 ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31201
Evidence

Type: Vendor Report

Signal: Successful Exploitation

Confidence: 80%

Source: cisa-kev

Details
Cwes
Feed CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog
Product Multiple Products
Due Date 2025-05-08
Date Added 2025-04-17
Vendorproject Apple
Vulnerabilityname Apple Multiple Products Arbitrary Read and Write Vulnerability
Knownransomwarecampaignuse Unknown
References
Created: 2026-02-02 12:26 UTC | Updated: 2026-02-06 07:17 UTC
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 9.8,
              "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-31201",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "active"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-04-16T00:00:00+00:00",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "dateAdded": "2025-04-17",
                "reference": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-31201"
              },
              "type": "kev"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-1220",
                "description": "CWE-1220 Insufficient Granularity of Access Control",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-25T04:55:31.276Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "government-resource"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-31201"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "technical-description"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/JGoyd/iOS-Attack-Chain-CVE-2025-31200-CVE-2025-31201/blob/main/Remote%20Crypto%20Attack%20Chain%20.md"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "issue-tracking"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/cisagov/vulnrichment/issues/200"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:48:19.883Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/4"
          },
          {
            "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/3"
          },
          {
            "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/0"
          },
          {
            "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Jun/14"
          },
          {
            "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/26"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "visionOS",
          "vendor": "Apple",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "2.4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "unspecified",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "iOS iOS and iPadOS",
          "vendor": "Apple",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "18.4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "unspecified",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "tvOS",
          "vendor": "Apple",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "18.4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "unspecified",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "macOS",
          "vendor": "Apple",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "15.4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "unspecified",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1, iOS iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1. An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "description": "An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS.",
              "lang": "en"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-04-16T18:24:31.230Z",
        "orgId": "286789f9-fbc2-4510-9f9a-43facdede74c",
        "shortName": "apple"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122402"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122282"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122401"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122400"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "286789f9-fbc2-4510-9f9a-43facdede74c",
    "assignerShortName": "apple",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-31201",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-16T18:24:31.230Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-03-27T16:13:58.315Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-11-25T04:55:31.276Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "cisa_known_exploited": {
      "cveID": "CVE-2025-31201",
      "dateAdded": "2025-04-17",
      "dueDate": "2025-05-08",
      "knownRansomwareCampaignUse": "Unknown",
      "notes": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122282 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/122400 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/122401 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/122402 ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31201",
      "product": "Multiple Products",
      "requiredAction": "Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.",
      "shortDescription": "Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and other Apple products contain an arbitrary read and write vulnerability that allows an attacker to bypass Pointer Authentication.",
      "vendorProject": "Apple",
      "vulnerabilityName": "Apple Multiple Products Arbitrary Read and Write Vulnerability"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-31201\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"product-security@apple.com\",\"published\":\"2025-04-16T19:15:54.673\",\"lastModified\":\"2025-11-25T13:42:26.020\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1, iOS iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1. An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"Este problema se solucion\u00f3 eliminando el c\u00f3digo vulnerable. Este problema se ha corregido en tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1, iOS 18.4.1 y iPadOS 18.4.1, y macOS Sequoia 15.4.1. Un atacante con capacidad de lectura y escritura arbitraria podr\u00eda eludir la autenticaci\u00f3n de puntero. Apple tiene conocimiento de un informe que indica que este problema podr\u00eda haber sido explotado en un ataque extremadamente sofisticado contra individuos espec\u00edficos en iOS.\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":9.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"cisaExploitAdd\":\"2025-04-17\",\"cisaActionDue\":\"2025-05-08\",\"cisaRequiredAction\":\"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.\",\"cisaVulnerabilityName\":\"Apple Multiple Products Arbitrary Read and Write Vulnerability\",\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"NVD-CWE-noinfo\"}]},{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-1220\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"15.4.1\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"1F73061A-3EA8-4A3A-9192-02C11B8A4943\"}]}]},{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:apple:tvos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"18.4.1\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"A24DBFEA-B927-44AA-82F3-C9A385B6F426\"}]}]},{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:apple:visionos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"2.4.1\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"925616D6-4CD8-4999-ABA7-57810D148EEF\"}]}]},{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"18.4.1\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"F16CA380-BCA8-4704-A2DF-8DEFB6C74304\"}]}]},{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"18.4.1\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"F3509987-8BCC-4735-B3A0-CB8821F015C4\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://support.apple.com/en-us/122282\",\"source\":\"product-security@apple.com\",\"tags\":[\"Release Notes\",\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://support.apple.com/en-us/122400\",\"source\":\"product-security@apple.com\",\"tags\":[\"Release Notes\",\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://support.apple.com/en-us/122401\",\"source\":\"product-security@apple.com\",\"tags\":[\"Release Notes\",\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://support.apple.com/en-us/122402\",\"source\":\"product-security@apple.com\",\"tags\":[\"Release Notes\",\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/26\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Jun/14\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/0\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/3\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/4\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/JGoyd/iOS-Attack-Chain-CVE-2025-31200-CVE-2025-31201/blob/main/Remote%20Crypto%20Attack%20Chain%20.md\",\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/cisagov/vulnrichment/issues/200\",\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"tags\":[\"Issue Tracking\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-31201\",\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"tags\":[\"US Government Resource\"]}]}}",
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CVE Program Container\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/4\"}, {\"url\": \"http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/3\"}, {\"url\": \"http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/0\"}, {\"url\": \"http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Jun/14\"}, {\"url\": \"http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/26\"}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"shortName\": \"CVE\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-11-03T19:48:19.883Z\"}}, {\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 9.8, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"CRITICAL\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-31201\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"active\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"yes\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-11-24T14:26:10.379600Z\"}}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"kev\", \"content\": {\"dateAdded\": \"2025-04-17\", \"reference\": \"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-31201\"}}}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-31201\", \"tags\": [\"government-resource\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/JGoyd/iOS-Attack-Chain-CVE-2025-31200-CVE-2025-31201/blob/main/Remote%20Crypto%20Attack%20Chain%20.md\", \"tags\": [\"technical-description\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/cisagov/vulnrichment/issues/200\", \"tags\": [\"issue-tracking\"]}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-1220\", \"description\": \"CWE-1220 Insufficient Granularity of Access Control\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-04-16T18:46:17.766Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"Apple\", \"product\": \"visionOS\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"unspecified\", \"lessThan\": \"2.4\", \"versionType\": \"custom\"}]}, {\"vendor\": \"Apple\", \"product\": \"iOS iOS and iPadOS\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"unspecified\", \"lessThan\": \"18.4\", \"versionType\": \"custom\"}]}, {\"vendor\": \"Apple\", \"product\": \"tvOS\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"unspecified\", \"lessThan\": \"18.4\", \"versionType\": \"custom\"}]}, {\"vendor\": \"Apple\", \"product\": \"macOS\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"unspecified\", \"lessThan\": \"15.4\", \"versionType\": \"custom\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://support.apple.com/en-us/122402\"}, {\"url\": \"https://support.apple.com/en-us/122282\"}, {\"url\": \"https://support.apple.com/en-us/122401\"}, {\"url\": \"https://support.apple.com/en-us/122400\"}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1, iOS iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1. An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"description\": \"An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS.\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"286789f9-fbc2-4510-9f9a-43facdede74c\", \"shortName\": \"apple\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-04-16T18:24:31.230Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-31201\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-11-24T14:32:12.451Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-03-27T16:13:58.315Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"286789f9-fbc2-4510-9f9a-43facdede74c\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-04-16T18:24:31.230Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"apple\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Sightings

Author Source Type Date

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.