CVE-2025-22069 (GCVE-0-2025-22069)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-16 14:12 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
riscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match __arch_ftrace_regs argument of ftrace_return_to_handler
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
riscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match __arch_ftrace_regs argument of ftrace_return_to_handler
Naresh Kamboju reported a "Bad frame pointer" kernel warning while
running LTP trace ftrace_stress_test.sh in riscv. We can reproduce the
same issue with the following command:
```
$ cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing
$ echo 'f:myprobe do_nanosleep%return args1=$retval' > dynamic_events
$ echo 1 > events/fprobes/enable
$ echo 1 > tracing_on
$ sleep 1
```
And we can get the following kernel warning:
[ 127.692888] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[ 127.693755] Bad frame pointer: expected ff2000000065be50, received ba34c141e9594000
[ 127.693755] from func do_nanosleep return to ffffffff800ccb16
[ 127.698699] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 129 at kernel/trace/fgraph.c:755 ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be
[ 127.699894] Modules linked in:
[ 127.700908] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 129 Comm: sleep Not tainted 6.14.0-rc3-g0ab191c74642 #32
[ 127.701453] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)
[ 127.701859] epc : ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be
[ 127.702032] ra : ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be
[ 127.702151] epc : ffffffff8013b5e0 ra : ffffffff8013b5e0 sp : ff2000000065bd10
[ 127.702221] gp : ffffffff819c12f8 tp : ff60000080853100 t0 : 6e00000000000000
[ 127.702284] t1 : 0000000000000020 t2 : 6e7566206d6f7266 s0 : ff2000000065bd80
[ 127.702346] s1 : ff60000081262000 a0 : 000000000000007b a1 : ffffffff81894f20
[ 127.702408] a2 : 0000000000000010 a3 : fffffffffffffffe a4 : 0000000000000000
[ 127.702470] a5 : 0000000000000000 a6 : 0000000000000008 a7 : 0000000000000038
[ 127.702530] s2 : ba34c141e9594000 s3 : 0000000000000000 s4 : ff2000000065bdd0
[ 127.702591] s5 : 00007fff8adcf400 s6 : 000055556dc1d8c0 s7 : 0000000000000068
[ 127.702651] s8 : 00007fff8adf5d10 s9 : 000000000000006d s10: 0000000000000001
[ 127.702710] s11: 00005555737377c8 t3 : ffffffff819d899e t4 : ffffffff819d899e
[ 127.702769] t5 : ffffffff819d89a0 t6 : ff2000000065bb18
[ 127.702826] status: 0000000200000120 badaddr: 0000000000000000 cause: 0000000000000003
[ 127.703292] [<ffffffff8013b5e0>] ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be
[ 127.703760] [<ffffffff80017bce>] return_to_handler+0x16/0x26
[ 127.704009] [<ffffffff80017bb8>] return_to_handler+0x0/0x26
[ 127.704057] [<ffffffff800d3352>] common_nsleep+0x42/0x54
[ 127.704117] [<ffffffff800d44a2>] __riscv_sys_clock_nanosleep+0xba/0x10a
[ 127.704176] [<ffffffff80901c56>] do_trap_ecall_u+0x188/0x218
[ 127.704295] [<ffffffff8090cc3e>] handle_exception+0x14a/0x156
[ 127.705436] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
The reason is that the stack layout for constructing argument for the
ftrace_return_to_handler in the return_to_handler does not match the
__arch_ftrace_regs structure of riscv, leading to unexpected results.
Severity
7.8 (High)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
33d4e904e24d14ff0fbc528b657ddc7c7b636e6a , < 7ed384db061a264bd806898f7ccab9b98b591488
(git)
Affected: a3ed4157b7d89800a0008de0c9e46a438a5c3745 , < 78b39c587b8f6c69140177108f9c08a75b1c7c37 (git) Affected: a3ed4157b7d89800a0008de0c9e46a438a5c3745 , < 67a5ba8f742f247bc83e46dd2313c142b1383276 (git) Affected: 6.12.75 , < 6.12.92 (semver) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
6.14
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.14 (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.92 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.14.2 , ≤ 6.14.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.15 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
{
"containers": {
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nriscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match __arch_ftrace_regs argument of ftrace_return_to_handler\n\nNaresh Kamboju reported a \"Bad frame pointer\" kernel warning while\nrunning LTP trace ftrace_stress_test.sh in riscv. We can reproduce the\nsame issue with the following command:\n\n```\n$ cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing\n$ echo \u0027f:myprobe do_nanosleep%return args1=$retval\u0027 \u003e dynamic_events\n$ echo 1 \u003e events/fprobes/enable\n$ echo 1 \u003e tracing_on\n$ sleep 1\n```\n\nAnd we can get the following kernel warning:\n\n[ 127.692888] ------------[ cut here ]------------\n[ 127.693755] Bad frame pointer: expected ff2000000065be50, received ba34c141e9594000\n[ 127.693755] from func do_nanosleep return to ffffffff800ccb16\n[ 127.698699] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 129 at kernel/trace/fgraph.c:755 ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be\n[ 127.699894] Modules linked in:\n[ 127.700908] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 129 Comm: sleep Not tainted 6.14.0-rc3-g0ab191c74642 #32\n[ 127.701453] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)\n[ 127.701859] epc : ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be\n[ 127.702032] ra : ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be\n[ 127.702151] epc : ffffffff8013b5e0 ra : ffffffff8013b5e0 sp : ff2000000065bd10\n[ 127.702221] gp : ffffffff819c12f8 tp : ff60000080853100 t0 : 6e00000000000000\n[ 127.702284] t1 : 0000000000000020 t2 : 6e7566206d6f7266 s0 : ff2000000065bd80\n[ 127.702346] s1 : ff60000081262000 a0 : 000000000000007b a1 : ffffffff81894f20\n[ 127.702408] a2 : 0000000000000010 a3 : fffffffffffffffe a4 : 0000000000000000\n[ 127.702470] a5 : 0000000000000000 a6 : 0000000000000008 a7 : 0000000000000038\n[ 127.702530] s2 : ba34c141e9594000 s3 : 0000000000000000 s4 : ff2000000065bdd0\n[ 127.702591] s5 : 00007fff8adcf400 s6 : 000055556dc1d8c0 s7 : 0000000000000068\n[ 127.702651] s8 : 00007fff8adf5d10 s9 : 000000000000006d s10: 0000000000000001\n[ 127.702710] s11: 00005555737377c8 t3 : ffffffff819d899e t4 : ffffffff819d899e\n[ 127.702769] t5 : ffffffff819d89a0 t6 : ff2000000065bb18\n[ 127.702826] status: 0000000200000120 badaddr: 0000000000000000 cause: 0000000000000003\n[ 127.703292] [\u003cffffffff8013b5e0\u003e] ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be\n[ 127.703760] [\u003cffffffff80017bce\u003e] return_to_handler+0x16/0x26\n[ 127.704009] [\u003cffffffff80017bb8\u003e] return_to_handler+0x0/0x26\n[ 127.704057] [\u003cffffffff800d3352\u003e] common_nsleep+0x42/0x54\n[ 127.704117] [\u003cffffffff800d44a2\u003e] __riscv_sys_clock_nanosleep+0xba/0x10a\n[ 127.704176] [\u003cffffffff80901c56\u003e] do_trap_ecall_u+0x188/0x218\n[ 127.704295] [\u003cffffffff8090cc3e\u003e] handle_exception+0x14a/0x156\n[ 127.705436] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nThe reason is that the stack layout for constructing argument for the\nftrace_return_to_handler in the return_to_handler does not match the\n__arch_ftrace_regs structure of riscv, leading to unexpected results."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
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"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:L - The vulnerable trampoline is armed only by writing to tracefs (`current_tracer`, `dynamic_events`, `events/*/enable`) and fires on ordinary syscall execution, both of which require local access to the machine. There is no network-facing consumer of `arch/riscv/kernel/mcount.S`.\nAC:L - The mismatch is a fixed compile-time stack layout error, not a race or a memory-layout gamble: the very first return of any traced function reads `s0` from `sp+24` instead of `sp+64` and writes `a0`/`a1` past the 80-byte frame, so the commit\u0027s four-command reproducer fails deterministically on the first `sleep 1`.\nPR:L - Reaching the trampoline requires only write access to tracefs, which is enforced by file permissions rather than any `capable()` check and is routinely delegated to an unprivileged tracing group via tracefs\u0027s `gid=` mount option (as Android and ChromeOS do for `atrace`). A non-root member of that group can arm `function_graph` or an fprobe and trigger the corruption.\nUI:N - The same local user both arms the tracer and triggers it by making any traced function return in their own process; no action by an administrator or other victim is needed.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds writes and reads all land in the kernel stack of the running task, within the kernel\u0027s own security authority \u2014 no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The C side treats `sp..sp+103` as `__arch_ftrace_regs` while only 80 bytes were allocated, so `a5`/`a6`/`a7` and the 64-byte `ftrace_partial_regs()` `memcpy` read 24 bytes past the frame into the caller\u0027s live stack, and `s0`/`t1`/`a0`\u2013`a4` are read from uninitialized stack \u2014 these stale kernel stack values (pointers, saved registers) are handed to fprobe/BPF callbacks as `$retval`/`$argN` and dumped into the trace buffer and the WARN register dump.\nI:H - `REG_S a0, 80(sp)` / `REG_S a1, 88(sp)` after `addi sp, sp, -80` is an unconditional 16-byte out-of-bounds stack write into the live frame of the traced function\u0027s caller, with `a0` holding an often user-influenceable return value; the same overhang lets a retfunc callback\u0027s writes to `args[5..7]` corrupt the caller\u0027s frame and even substitute the value `RESTORE_RET_ABI_STATE` reloads into `a0`, giving control over saved state and potentially return addresses further up the stack.\nA:H - With `HAVE_FUNCTION_GRAPH_FP_TEST` \u2014 effectively always enabled on riscv given `ARCH_WANT_FRAME_POINTERS` and `select FRAME_POINTER if PERF_EVENTS` \u2014 the garbage frame pointer makes `ftrace_pop_return_trace()` set `*ret = (unsigned long)panic`, so `return_to_handler`\u0027s `jalr a2` jumps directly into `panic()`, in addition to the WARN and `ftrace_graph_stop()` seen in the reported LTP failure."
}
]
}
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},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/67a5ba8f742f247bc83e46dd2313c142b1383276"
}
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"title": "riscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match __arch_ftrace_regs argument of ftrace_return_to_handler",
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"dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.814Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:30.349Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
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"date": "2026-10-05",
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{
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{
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"versionType": "semver"
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{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.14.2",
"versionType": "semver"
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{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
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"version": "6.15",
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"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
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"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
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"matchCriteriaId": "FADAE5D8-4808-442C-B218-77B2CE8780A0",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.14.2",
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"negate": false,
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"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nriscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match __arch_ftrace_regs argument of ftrace_return_to_handler\n\nNaresh Kamboju reported a \"Bad frame pointer\" kernel warning while\nrunning LTP trace ftrace_stress_test.sh in riscv. We can reproduce the\nsame issue with the following command:\n\n```\n$ cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing\n$ echo \u0027f:myprobe do_nanosleep%return args1=$retval\u0027 \u003e dynamic_events\n$ echo 1 \u003e events/fprobes/enable\n$ echo 1 \u003e tracing_on\n$ sleep 1\n```\n\nAnd we can get the following kernel warning:\n\n[ 127.692888] ------------[ cut here ]------------\n[ 127.693755] Bad frame pointer: expected ff2000000065be50, received ba34c141e9594000\n[ 127.693755] from func do_nanosleep return to ffffffff800ccb16\n[ 127.698699] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 129 at kernel/trace/fgraph.c:755 ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be\n[ 127.699894] Modules linked in:\n[ 127.700908] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 129 Comm: sleep Not tainted 6.14.0-rc3-g0ab191c74642 #32\n[ 127.701453] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)\n[ 127.701859] epc : ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be\n[ 127.702032] ra : ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be\n[ 127.702151] epc : ffffffff8013b5e0 ra : ffffffff8013b5e0 sp : ff2000000065bd10\n[ 127.702221] gp : ffffffff819c12f8 tp : ff60000080853100 t0 : 6e00000000000000\n[ 127.702284] t1 : 0000000000000020 t2 : 6e7566206d6f7266 s0 : ff2000000065bd80\n[ 127.702346] s1 : ff60000081262000 a0 : 000000000000007b a1 : ffffffff81894f20\n[ 127.702408] a2 : 0000000000000010 a3 : fffffffffffffffe a4 : 0000000000000000\n[ 127.702470] a5 : 0000000000000000 a6 : 0000000000000008 a7 : 0000000000000038\n[ 127.702530] s2 : ba34c141e9594000 s3 : 0000000000000000 s4 : ff2000000065bdd0\n[ 127.702591] s5 : 00007fff8adcf400 s6 : 000055556dc1d8c0 s7 : 0000000000000068\n[ 127.702651] s8 : 00007fff8adf5d10 s9 : 000000000000006d s10: 0000000000000001\n[ 127.702710] s11: 00005555737377c8 t3 : ffffffff819d899e t4 : ffffffff819d899e\n[ 127.702769] t5 : ffffffff819d89a0 t6 : ff2000000065bb18\n[ 127.702826] status: 0000000200000120 badaddr: 0000000000000000 cause: 0000000000000003\n[ 127.703292] [\u003cffffffff8013b5e0\u003e] ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be\n[ 127.703760] [\u003cffffffff80017bce\u003e] return_to_handler+0x16/0x26\n[ 127.704009] [\u003cffffffff80017bb8\u003e] return_to_handler+0x0/0x26\n[ 127.704057] [\u003cffffffff800d3352\u003e] common_nsleep+0x42/0x54\n[ 127.704117] [\u003cffffffff800d44a2\u003e] __riscv_sys_clock_nanosleep+0xba/0x10a\n[ 127.704176] [\u003cffffffff80901c56\u003e] do_trap_ecall_u+0x188/0x218\n[ 127.704295] [\u003cffffffff8090cc3e\u003e] handle_exception+0x14a/0x156\n[ 127.705436] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nThe reason is that the stack layout for constructing argument for the\nftrace_return_to_handler in the return_to_handler does not match the\n__arch_ftrace_regs structure of riscv, leading to unexpected results."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: riscv: fgraph: Se corrige el dise\u00f1o de la pila para que coincida con el argumento __arch_ftrace_regs de ftrace_return_to_handler Naresh Kamboju inform\u00f3 una advertencia del kernel \"Puntero de marco incorrecto\" mientras ejecutaba el seguimiento LTP ftrace_stress_test.sh en riscv. Podemos reproducir el mismo problema con el siguiente comando: ``` $ cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing $ echo \u0027f:myprobe do_nanosleep%return args1=$retval\u0027 \u0026gt; dynamic_events $ echo 1 \u0026gt; events/fprobes/enable $ echo 1 \u0026gt; tracing_on $ sleep 1 ``` Y podemos obtener la siguiente advertencia del kernel: [ 127.692888] ------------[ cortar aqu\u00ed ]------------ [ 127.693755] Puntero de marco incorrecto: se esperaba ff2000000065be50, se recibi\u00f3 ba34c141e9594000 [ 127.693755] de func do_nanosleep return a ffffffff800ccb16 [ 127.698699] ADVERTENCIA: CPU: 1 PID: 129 en kernel/trace/fgraph.c:755 ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be [ 127.699894] M\u00f3dulos vinculados en: [ 127.700908] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 129 Comm: sleep No contaminado 6.14.0-rc3-g0ab191c74642 #32 [ 127.701453] Nombre del hardware: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT) [ 127.701859] epc : ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be [ 127.702032] ra : ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be [ 127.702151] epc : ffffffff8013b5e0 ra : ffffffff8013b5e0 sp : ff2000000065bd10 [ 127.702221] gp : ffffffff819c12f8 tp : ff60000080853100 t0 : 6e00000000000000 [ 127.702284] t1 : 0000000000000020 t2 : 6e7566206d6f7266 s0 : ff2000000065bd80 [ 127.702346] s1 : ff60000081262000 a0 : 000000000000007b a1: ffffffff81894f20 [127.702408] a2: 0000000000000010 a3: fffffffffffffffffe a4: 00000000000000000 [127.702470] a5: 0000000000000000 a6: 0000000000000008 a7: 0000000000000038 [127.702530] s2: ba34c141e9594000 s3: 0000000000000000 s4: ff2000000065bdd0 [127.702591] s5: 00007fff8adcf400 s6: 000055556dc1d8c0 s7: 00000000000000068 [127.702651] s8: 00007fff8adf5d10 s9: 000000000000006d s10: 0000000000000001 [127.702710] s11: 00005555737377c8 t3: ffffffff819d899e t4: ffffffff819d899e [ 127.702769] t5: ffffffff819d89a0 t6: ff2000000065bb18 [127.702826] estado: 0000000200000120 direcci\u00f3n incorrecta: 0000000000000000 causa: 0000000000000003 [127.703292] [] ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be [127.703760] [] return_to_handler+0x16/0x26 [127.704009] [] retorno_al_controlador+0x0/0x26 [ 127.704057] [] suspensi\u00f3n_com\u00fan+0x42/0x54 [ 127.704117] [] __riscv_sys_clock_nanosleep+0xba/0x10a [ 127.704176] [] hacer_trampa_ecall_u+0x188/0x218 [ 127.704295] [] controlar_excepci\u00f3n+0x14a/0x156 [ 127.705436] ---[ fin de seguimiento 0000000000000000 ]--- La raz\u00f3n es que el dise\u00f1o de la pila para construir el argumento para ftrace_return_to_handler en return_to_handler no coincide con la estructura __arch_ftrace_regs de riscv, lo que genera resultados inesperados."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2025-22069",
"lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:22:10.323",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"type": "Secondary"
},
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
},
"published": "2025-04-16T15:16:01.100",
"references": [
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/67a5ba8f742f247bc83e46dd2313c142b1383276"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/78b39c587b8f6c69140177108f9c08a75b1c7c37"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ed384db061a264bd806898f7ccab9b98b591488"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-668"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "None",
"current_release_date": "2026-06-30T10:29:51+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-22069",
"id": "CVE-2025-22069",
"initial_release_date": "2025-04-16T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: riscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match __arch_ftrace_regs argument of ftrace_return_to_handler",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-22069.json",
"version": "3"
},
"suse_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-08-31T00:22:26Z",
"cve": "CVE-2025-22069",
"id": "CVE-2025-22069",
"initial_release_date": "2025-04-18T23:20:02Z",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "459",
"source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
"status": "interim",
"title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-22069",
"url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-22069.json",
"version": "9"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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