CVE-2025-21786 (GCVE-0-2025-21786)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-27 02:18 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:54
VLAI
Title
workqueue: Put the pwq after detaching the rescuer from the pool
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: workqueue: Put the pwq after detaching the rescuer from the pool The commit 68f83057b913("workqueue: Reap workers via kthread_stop() and remove detach_completion") adds code to reap the normal workers but mistakenly does not handle the rescuer and also removes the code waiting for the rescuer in put_unbound_pool(), which caused a use-after-free bug reported by Cheung Wall. To avoid the use-after-free bug, the pool’s reference must be held until the detachment is complete. Therefore, move the code that puts the pwq after detaching the rescuer from the pool.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 68f83057b913467a999e1bf9e0da6a119668f769 , < e7c16028a424dd35be1064a68fa318be4359310f (git)
Affected: 68f83057b913467a999e1bf9e0da6a119668f769 , < 835b69c868f53f959d4986bbecd561ba6f38e492 (git)
Affected: 68f83057b913467a999e1bf9e0da6a119668f769 , < e76946110137703c16423baf6ee177b751a34b7e (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 6.11
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.11 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.16 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.13.4 , ≤ 6.13.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.14 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 7.8, \"attackVector\": \"LOCAL\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-21786\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-02-27T18:14:15.335144Z\"}}}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-416\", \"description\": \"CWE-416 Use After Free\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-02-27T18:14:16.659Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"workqueue: Put the pwq after detaching the rescuer from the pool\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 7.8, \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\"}, \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"AV:L - The vulnerability is in the core workqueue rescuer path and is reached by generating local workqueue load and memory pressure; there is no remote input path into `rescuer_thread()`. Exploitation requires the attacker to be executing code on the system.\\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls the side of the race that matters \\u2014 sustained memory pressure plus queued work on an unbound `WQ_MEM_RECLAIM` workqueue drives `pool_mayday_timeout()`/`send_mayday()` at will and can be looped indefinitely, so the narrow window between `put_pwq()` and `worker_detach_from_pool()` can be retried unboundedly until the RCU free lands first.\\nPR:L - Any unprivileged local user can create the required conditions \\u2014 allocating memory to stall `create_worker()` and issuing filesystem/block/network I/O that queues work on unbound `WQ_MEM_RECLAIM` workqueues (ext4-rsv-conversion, xfs, nfsiod, rpciod, scsi hosts). No capability check guards the rescuer path.\\nUI:N - The rescuer is summoned automatically by the workqueue watchdog timer under memory pressure; no action by any other user or administrator-victim is needed to complete the attack.\\nS:U - The freed object and the corruption both live in kernel heap memory within the same security authority; there is no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\\nC:H - The freed `struct worker_pool` is read after free (`pool-\u003eflags`, `worker-\u003enode` list pointers) and comes from a generic kmalloc cache, so a reallocated victim object leaks its contents through the rescuer\u0027s list manipulation, giving a path to arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\\nI:H - `detach_worker()`\u0027s `list_del(\u0026worker-\u003enode)` performs a write-after-free of kernel pointers at the fixed offset of `pool-\u003eworkers` into the freed slab object, which after heap spraying yields a controlled-offset write primitive usable for control-flow hijack and privilege escalation.\\nA:H - Use-after-free on the worker pool corrupts the attached-workers list and typically produces an immediate oops/panic (KASAN reported it as a UAF), permanently wedging or crashing the kernel.\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"68f83057b913467a999e1bf9e0da6a119668f769\", \"lessThan\": \"e7c16028a424dd35be1064a68fa318be4359310f\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"68f83057b913467a999e1bf9e0da6a119668f769\", \"lessThan\": \"835b69c868f53f959d4986bbecd561ba6f38e492\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"68f83057b913467a999e1bf9e0da6a119668f769\", \"lessThan\": \"e76946110137703c16423baf6ee177b751a34b7e\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"kernel/workqueue.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}, {\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"6.11\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"lessThan\": \"6.11\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.12.16\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.13.4\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.13.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.14\", \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"kernel/workqueue.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7c16028a424dd35be1064a68fa318be4359310f\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/835b69c868f53f959d4986bbecd561ba6f38e492\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e76946110137703c16423baf6ee177b751a34b7e\"}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"bippy-1.2.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nworkqueue: Put the pwq after detaching the rescuer from the pool\\n\\nThe commit 68f83057b913(\\\"workqueue: Reap workers via kthread_stop() and\\nremove detach_completion\\\") adds code to reap the normal workers but\\nmistakenly does not handle the rescuer and also removes the code waiting\\nfor the rescuer in put_unbound_pool(), which caused a use-after-free bug\\nreported by Cheung Wall.\\n\\nTo avoid the use-after-free bug, the pool\\u2019s reference must be held until\\nthe detachment is complete. Therefore, move the code that puts the pwq\\nafter detaching the rescuer from the pool.\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.16\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.11\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.13.4\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.11\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.14\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.11\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T11:54:24.903Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-21786\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T11:54:24.903Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2024-12-29T08:45:45.765Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-02-27T02:18:26.406Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.