CVE-2021-3156 (GCVE-0-2021-3156)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-01-26 00:00 – Updated: 2025-10-21 23:35Summary
Sudo before 1.9.5p2 contains an off-by-one error that can result in a heap-based buffer overflow, which allows privilege escalation to root via "sudoedit -s" and a command-line argument that ends with a single backslash character.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-03 15:43 UTC
CWE
- n/a
- CWE-193 - Off-by-one Error
Assigner
References
35 references
CISA
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: b6557656-10d6-4e76-9711-368565a4bd59
Exploited: Yes
Timestamps
First Seen: 2022-04-06
Asserted: 2022-04-06
Scope
Notes: KEV entry: Sudo Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability | Affected: Sudo / Sudo | Description: Sudo contains an off-by-one error that can result in a heap-based buffer overflow, which allows for privilege escalation. | Required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions. | Due date: 2022-04-27 | Known ransomware campaign use (KEV): Unknown | Notes (KEV): https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3156
Evidence
Type: Vendor Report
Signal: Successful Exploitation
Confidence: 80%
Source: cisa-kev
Details
| Cwes | CWE-122 CWE-193 |
|---|---|
| Feed | CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog |
| Product | Sudo |
| Due Date | 2022-04-27 |
| Date Added | 2022-04-06 |
| Vendorproject | Sudo |
| Vulnerabilityname | Sudo Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability |
| Knownransomwarecampaignuse | Unknown |
References
Created: 2026-02-02 12:27 UTC
| Updated: 2026-02-06 07:17 UTC
Previdian
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: e3c9f41a-28de-4ea7-9467-493d08073d83
Exploited: Yes
Timestamps
First Seen: 2022-04-06
Asserted: 2022-04-06
Scope
Notes: KEVIntel entry: Sudo before 1.9.5p2 contains an off-by-one error that can result in a heap-based buffer overflow, which allows privilege escalation to root via... | Affected: Sudo Project / Sudo | CVSS: 7.8 (HIGH) | Used in malware: unknown | Not yet in CISA KEV: False
Evidence
Type: Public Report
Signal: Successful Exploitation
Confidence: 70%
Source: kevintel
Details
| Feed | KEVIntel (kevintel.com) |
|---|---|
| Title | Sudo before 1.9.5p2 contains an off-by-one error that can result in a heap-based buffer overflow, which allows privilege escalation to root via... |
| Vendor | Sudo Project |
| Product | Sudo |
| Added Date | 2022-04-06T00:00:00.000Z |
| Cvss Score | 7.8 |
| Epss Score | None |
| Cvss Severity | HIGH |
| Epss Percentile | None |
| Used In Malware | unknown |
| Ahead Of Cisa Kev | None |
| Not Yet In Cisa Kev | False |
References
Created: 2026-06-23 14:05 UTC
| Updated: 2026-07-10 06:14 UTC
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"descriptions": "[{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Sudo before 1.9.5p2 contains an off-by-one error that can result in a heap-based buffer overflow, which allows privilege escalation to root via \\\"sudoedit -s\\\" and a command-line argument that ends with a single backslash character.\"}, {\"lang\": \"es\", \"value\": \"Sudo versiones anteriores a 1.9.5p2 contiene un error de desbordamiento que puede resultar en un desbordamiento de b\\u00fafer basado en la pila, lo que permite la escalada de privilegios a root a trav\\u00e9s de \\\"sudoedit -s\\\" y un argumento de l\\u00ednea de comandos que termina con un solo car\\u00e1cter de barra invertida\"}]",
"id": "CVE-2021-3156",
"lastModified": "2024-11-21T06:21:01.083",
"metrics": "{\"cvssMetricV31\": [{\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"baseScore\": 7.8, \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"attackVector\": \"LOCAL\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}, \"exploitabilityScore\": 1.8, \"impactScore\": 5.9}], \"cvssMetricV2\": [{\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"2.0\", \"vectorString\": \"AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C\", \"baseScore\": 7.2, \"accessVector\": \"LOCAL\", \"accessComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"authentication\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"COMPLETE\", \"integrityImpact\": \"COMPLETE\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"COMPLETE\"}, \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"exploitabilityScore\": 3.9, \"impactScore\": 10.0, \"acInsufInfo\": false, \"obtainAllPrivilege\": false, \"obtainUserPrivilege\": false, \"obtainOtherPrivilege\": false, \"userInteractionRequired\": false}]}",
"published": "2021-01-26T21:15:12.987",
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"redhat_vex": {
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"cve": "CVE-2021-3156",
"id": "CVE-2021-3156",
"initial_release_date": "2021-01-26T18:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:fixed": "211",
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"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "sudo: Heap buffer overflow in argument parsing",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2021/cve-2021-3156.json",
"version": "3"
},
"suse_vex": {
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"cve": "CVE-2021-3156",
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"initial_release_date": "2023-02-15T03:49:43Z",
"product_status:known_affected": "287",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "4",
"product_status:recommended": "363",
"source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
"status": "interim",
"title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2021-3156",
"url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2021-3156.json",
"version": "45"
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\"name\": \"[oss-security] 20210215 Re: sudo: Ineffective NO_ROOT_MAILER and Baron Samedit\", \"tags\": [\"mailing-list\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://www.oracle.com//security-alerts/cpujul2021.html\"}, {\"url\": \"https://www.sudo.ws/stable.html#1.9.5p2\"}, {\"url\": \"https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/01/26/3\"}, {\"url\": \"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/161160/Sudo-Heap-Based-Buffer-Overflow.html\"}, {\"url\": \"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210128-0002/\"}, {\"url\": \"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210128-0001/\"}, {\"url\": \"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/161230/Sudo-Buffer-Overflow-Privilege-Escalation.html\"}, {\"url\": \"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/161270/Sudo-1.9.5p1-Buffer-Overflow-Privilege-Escalation.html\"}, {\"url\": \"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/161293/Sudo-1.8.31p2-1.9.5p1-Buffer-Overflow.html\"}, {\"url\": \"https://support.apple.com/kb/HT212177\"}, {\"url\": \"https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content\u0026id=SB10348\"}, {\"url\": \"https://www.beyondtrust.com/blog/entry/security-advisory-privilege-management-for-unix-linux-pmul-basic-and-privilege-management-for-mac-pmm-affected-by-sudo-vulnerability\"}, {\"url\": \"https://www.synology.com/security/advisory/Synology_SA_21_02\"}, {\"url\": \"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/09/14/2\", \"name\": \"[oss-security] 20210914 Re: Oracle Solaris membership in the distros list\", \"tags\": [\"mailing-list\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html\"}, {\"url\": \"https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2022.html\"}, {\"url\": \"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/01/30/8\", \"name\": \"[oss-security] 20240130 Re: CVE-2023-6246: Heap-based buffer overflow in the glibc\u0027s syslog()\", \"tags\": [\"mailing-list\"]}, {\"url\": \"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/01/30/6\", \"name\": \"[oss-security] 20240130 CVE-2023-6246: Heap-based buffer overflow in the glibc\u0027s syslog()\", \"tags\": [\"mailing-list\"]}, {\"url\": \"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/176932/glibc-syslog-Heap-Based-Buffer-Overflow.html\"}, {\"url\": \"http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Feb/3\", \"name\": \"20240204 CVE-2023-6246: Heap-based buffer overflow in the glibc\u0027s syslog()\", \"tags\": [\"mailing-list\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/sudoedit-pwned-cve-2021-3156\"}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Sudo before 1.9.5p2 contains an off-by-one error that can result in a heap-based buffer overflow, which allows privilege escalation to root via \\\"sudoedit -s\\\" and a command-line argument that ends with a single backslash character.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"text\", \"description\": \"n/a\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca\", \"shortName\": \"mitre\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2024-09-18T16:41:27.031Z\"}}}",
"cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2021-3156\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-10-21T23:35:29.600Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2021-01-15T00:00:00.000Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca\", \"datePublished\": \"2021-01-26T00:00:00.000Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"mitre\"}",
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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