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CWE-416
Use After Free
The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory "belongs" to the code that operates on the new pointer.
CVE-2025-54588 (GCVE-0-2025-54588)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-02 23:39 – Updated: 2025-09-03 20:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Envoy: Race condition in Dynamic Forward Proxy leads to use-after-free and segmentation faults
Summary
Envoy is an open source L7 proxy and communication bus designed for large modern service oriented architectures. Versions 1.34.0 through 1.34.4 and 1.35.0 contain a use-after-free (UAF) vulnerability in the DNS cache, causing abnormal process termination. The vulnerability is in Envoy's Dynamic Forward Proxy implementation, occurring when a completion callback for a DNS resolution triggers new DNS resolutions or removes existing pending resolutions. This condition may occur when the following conditions are met: dynamic Forwarding Filter is enabled, the `envoy.reloadable_features.dfp_cluster_resolves_hosts` runtime flag is enabled, and the Host header is modified between the Dynamic Forwarding Filter and Router filters. This issue is resolved in versions 1.34.5 and 1.35.1. To work around this issue, set the envoy.reloadable_features.dfp_cluster_resolves_hosts runtime flag to false.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy/releases/tag/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy/releases/tag/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| envoyproxy | envoy |
Affected:
>= 1.34.0, < 1.34.5
Affected: >= 1.35.0, < 1.35.1 |
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CVE-2025-54626 (GCVE-0-2025-54626)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-06 02:05 – Updated: 2025-08-06 15:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Pointer dangling vulnerability in the cjwindow module.
Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect function stability.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
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CVE-2025-54635 (GCVE-0-2025-54635)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-06 02:30 – Updated: 2025-08-06 13:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Vulnerability of returning released pointers in the distributed notification service.
Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
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CVE-2025-54896 (GCVE-0-2025-54896)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-09 17:00 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Excel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Use after free in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
8 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Excel 2016 |
Affected:
16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.5517.1000
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office 2019 |
Affected:
19.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2021 |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < 16.101.25091314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2024 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.101.25091314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Office Online Server |
Affected:
16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.10417.20047
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-09-09 07:00
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CVE-2025-54902 (GCVE-0-2025-54902)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-09 17:00 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Excel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
8 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Excel 2016 |
Affected:
16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.5517.1000
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office 2019 |
Affected:
19.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2021 |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < 16.101.25091314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2024 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.101.25091314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Office Online Server |
Affected:
16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.10417.20047
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-09-09 07:00
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CVE-2025-54903 (GCVE-0-2025-54903)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-09 17:00 – Updated: 2026-02-20 16:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Excel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Use after free in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
8 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Excel 2016 |
Affected:
16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.5517.1000
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office 2019 |
Affected:
19.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2021 |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < 16.101.25091314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2024 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.101.25091314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Office Online Server |
Affected:
16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.10417.20047
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-09-09 07:00
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CVE-2025-54904 (GCVE-0-2025-54904)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-09 17:00 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Excel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Use after free in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
8 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Excel 2016 |
Affected:
16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.5517.1000
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office 2019 |
Affected:
19.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2021 |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < 16.101.25091314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2024 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.101.25091314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Office Online Server |
Affected:
16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.10417.20047
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-09-09 07:00
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CVE-2025-54906 (GCVE-0-2025-54906)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-09 17:00 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Office Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Free of memory not on the heap in Microsoft Office allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
9 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office 2016 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.0.5517.1000
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office 2019 |
Affected:
19.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2021 |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < 16.101.25091314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2024 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.101.25091314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.0.5517.1000
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SharePoint Server 2019 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.0.10417.20047
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-09-09 07:00
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CVE-2025-54908 (GCVE-0-2025-54908)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-09 17:00 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft PowerPoint Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Use after free in Microsoft Office PowerPoint allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office 2019 |
Affected:
19.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft PowerPoint 2016 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.0.5517.1000
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-09-09 07:00
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CVE-2025-54911 (GCVE-0-2025-54911)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-09 17:01 – Updated: 2026-02-20 16:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Windows BitLocker Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Use after free in Windows BitLocker allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
23 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1507 |
Affected:
10.0.10240.0 , < 10.0.10240.21128
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8422
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7792
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.6332
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.6332
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.5909
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5909
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5909
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6584
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27929
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27929
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25675
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25675
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22774
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22774
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8422
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8422
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7792
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7792
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.4171
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1849
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6584
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6584
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-09-09 07:00
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"datePublic": "2025-09-09T07:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
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"lang": "en-US",
"value": "Use after free in Windows BitLocker allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.3,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C",
"version": "3.1"
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"problemTypes": [
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"cweId": "CWE-416",
"description": "CWE-416: Use After Free",
"lang": "en-US",
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],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-20T16:01:01.412Z",
"orgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
"shortName": "microsoft"
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"references": [
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"name": "Windows BitLocker Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
"tags": [
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"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54911"
}
],
"title": "Windows BitLocker Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
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"assignerShortName": "microsoft",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-54911",
"datePublished": "2025-09-09T17:01:29.123Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-07-31T18:54:19.613Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-20T16:01:01.412Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Description:
- Choose a language that provides automatic memory management.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
Description:
- When freeing pointers, be sure to set them to NULL once they are freed. However, the utilization of multiple or complex data structures may lower the usefulness of this strategy.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.