Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-22

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.

CVE-2025-2707 (GCVE-0-2025-2707)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-24 19:00 – Updated: 2025-03-24 19:29

Title

zhijiantianya ruoyi-vue-pro Front-End Store Interface upload path traversal

Summary

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in zhijiantianya ruoyi-vue-pro 2.4.1. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /app-api/infra/file/upload of the component Front-End Store Interface. The manipulation of the argument path leads to path traversal. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

5.4 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L

5.4 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Path Traversal

Assigner

VulDB

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.300728	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.300728	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.517029	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/uglory-gll/javasec/blob/main/r…	exploit

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
zhijiantianya	ruoyi-vue-pro	Affected: 2.4.1

Credits

uglory (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-2708 (GCVE-0-2025-2708)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-24 19:31 – Updated: 2025-03-24 20:06

Title

zhijiantianya ruoyi-vue-pro Backend File Upload Interface upload path traversal

Summary

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in zhijiantianya ruoyi-vue-pro 2.4.1. This affects an unknown part of the file /admin-api/infra/file/upload of the component Backend File Upload Interface. The manipulation of the argument path leads to path traversal. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

5.4 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L

5.4 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Path Traversal

Assigner

VulDB

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.300729	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.300729	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.517030	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/uglory-gll/javasec/blob/main/r…	exploit

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
zhijiantianya	ruoyi-vue-pro	Affected: 2.4.1

Credits

uglory (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-27092 (GCVE-0-2025-27092)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-19 22:16 – Updated: 2025-02-20 16:52

Title

Path Traversal Vulnerability in GHOSTS Photo Retrieval Endpoint

Summary

GHOSTS is an open source user simulation framework for cyber experimentation, simulation, training, and exercise. A path traversal vulnerability was discovered in GHOSTS version 8.0.0.0 that allows an attacker to access files outside of the intended directory through the photo retrieval endpoint. The vulnerability exists in the /api/npcs/{id}/photo endpoint, which is designed to serve profile photos for NPCs (Non-Player Characters) but fails to properly validate and sanitize file paths. When an NPC is created with a specially crafted photoLink value containing path traversal sequences (../, ..\, etc.), the application processes these sequences without proper sanitization. This allows an attacker to traverse directory structures and access files outside of the intended photo directory, potentially exposing sensitive system files. The vulnerability is particularly severe because it allows reading arbitrary files from the server's filesystem with the permissions of the web application process, which could include configuration files, credentials, or other sensitive data. This issue has been addressed in version 8.2.7.90 and all users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/cmu-sei/GHOSTS/security/adviso…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/cmu-sei/GHOSTS/commit/e6982755…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
cmu-sei	GHOSTS	Affected: >= 8.0.0, < 8.2.7.90

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-27098 (GCVE-0-2025-27098)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-20 20:13 – Updated: 2025-02-20 21:04

Title

Unwanted access to the entire file system vulnerability due to a missing check in `staticFiles` HTTP handler in graphql-mesh

Summary

GraphQL Mesh is a GraphQL Federation framework and gateway for both GraphQL Federation and non-GraphQL Federation subgraphs, non-GraphQL services, such as REST and gRPC, and also databases such as MongoDB, MySQL, and PostgreSQL. Missing check vulnerability in the static file handler allows any client to access the files in the server's file system. When `staticFiles` is set in the `serve` settings in the configuration file, the following handler doesn't check if `absolutePath` is still under the directory provided as `staticFiles`. Users have two options to fix vulnerability; 1. Update `@graphql-mesh/cli` to a version higher than `0.82.21`, and if you use `@graphql-mesh/http`, update it to a version higher than `0.3.18` 2. Remove `staticFiles` option from the configuration, and use other solutions to serve static files.

Severity

5.8 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/ardatan/graphql-mesh/security/…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
ardatan	graphql-mesh	Affected: @graphql-mesh/cli: >= 0.78.0, < 0.82.22 Affected: @graphql-mesh/http: < 0.3.19

Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-27101 (GCVE-0-2025-27101)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-11 21:32 – Updated: 2025-03-12 13:57

Title

Broken Access Control in Opal filesystem's copy functionality exposes all user data

Summary

Opal is OBiBa’s core database application for biobanks or epidemiological studies. Prior to version 5.1.1, when copying any parent directory to a folder in the /temp/ directory, all files in that parent directory are copied, including files which the user should not have access to. All users of the application are impacted, as this is exploitable by any user to reveal all files in the opal filesystem. This also means that low-privilege users such as DataShield users can retrieve the files of other users. Version 5.1.1 contains a patch for the issue.

Severity

7.3 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/obiba/opal/security/advisories…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/obiba/opal/commit/fca7dc9c8348…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
obiba	opal	Affected: < 5.1.1

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-27142 (GCVE-0-2025-27142)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-25 20:03 – Updated: 2025-02-26 16:28

Title

LocalSend path traversal vulnerability in the file upload endpoint allows nearby devices to execute arbitrary commands

Summary

LocalSend is a free, open-source app that allows users to securely share files and messages with nearby devices over their local network without needing an internet connection. Prior to version 1.17.0, due to the missing sanitization of the path in the `POST /api/localsend/v2/prepare-upload` and the `POST /api/localsend/v2/upload` endpoint, a malicious file transfer request can write files to the arbitrary location on the system, resulting in the remote command execution. A malicious file transfer request sent by nearby devices can write files into an arbitrary directory. This usually allows command execution via the startup folder on Windows or Bash-related files on Linux. If the user enables the `Quick Save` feature, it will silently write files without explicit user interaction. Version 1.17.0 fixes this issue.

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/localsend/localsend/security/a…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/localsend/localsend/commit/e86…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
localsend	localsend	Affected: < 1.17.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-27147 (GCVE-0-2025-27147)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-25 14:26 – Updated: 2025-03-25 14:40

Title

GLPI Inventory plugin has Improper Access Control Vulnerability

Summary

The GLPI Inventory Plugin handles various types of tasks for GLPI agents, including network discovery and inventory (SNMP), software deployment, VMWare ESX host remote inventory, and data collection (files, Windows registry, WMI). Versions prior to 1.5.0 have an improper access control vulnerability. Version 1.5.0 fixes the vulnerability.

Severity

8.2 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
CWE-552 - Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/glpi-project/glpi-inventory-pl…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/glpi-project/glpi-inventory-pl…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
glpi-project	glpi-inventory-plugin	Affected: < 1.5.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-2716 (GCVE-0-2025-2716)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-24 23:00 – Updated: 2025-03-25 13:32

Title

China Mobile P22g-CIac Samba Path path traversal

Summary

A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in China Mobile P22g-CIac 1.0.00.488. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component Samba Path Handler. The manipulation leads to path traversal. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Severity

5.1 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

2.7 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

2.7 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Path Traversal

Assigner

VulDB

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.300736	vdb-entry
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.300736	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.519900	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/rookiiiiiiie/China-Mobile-Inte…	exploitissue-tracking

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
China Mobile	P22g-CIac	Affected: 1.0.00.488

Credits

Yy123_ly14 (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-27283 (GCVE-0-2025-27283)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-17 15:48 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:11

Title

WordPress Theme File Duplicator Plugin <= 1.3 - Arbitrary File Download vulnerability

Summary

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability in rockgod100 Theme File Duplicator theme-file-duplicator allows Path Traversal.This issue affects Theme File Duplicator: from n/a through <= 1.3.

Severity

6.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

Patchstack

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/…	vdb-entry

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
rockgod100	Theme File Duplicator	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.3 (custom)

Date Public

2026-04-01 16:35

Credits

LVT-tholv2k | Patchstack Bug Bounty Program

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-27299 (GCVE-0-2025-27299)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-17 15:48 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:11

Title

WordPress MyTicket Events plugin <= 1.2.4 - Non-Arbitrary File Read vulnerability

Summary

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability in WP Asia MyTicket Events myticket-events allows Path Traversal.This issue affects MyTicket Events: from n/a through <= 1.2.4.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

Patchstack

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/…	vdb-entry

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
WP Asia	MyTicket Events	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.2.4 (custom)

Date Public

2026-04-01 16:35

Credits

Anhchangmutrang | Patchstack Bug Bounty Program

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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Mitigation ID: MIT-5.1

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.

Mitigation ID: MIT-15

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation ID: MIT-20.1

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59). This includes:
realpath() in C
getCanonicalPath() in Java
GetFullPath() in ASP.NET
realpath() or abs_path() in Perl
realpath() in PHP

Mitigation ID: MIT-4

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Description:

Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].

Mitigation ID: MIT-29

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Description:

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

Mitigation ID: MIT-17

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation ID: MIT-21.1

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

Description:

When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.

Mitigation ID: MIT-22

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

Description:

Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.

Mitigation ID: MIT-34

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

Description:

Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.

Mitigation ID: MIT-39

Phase: Implementation

Description:

Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
In the context of path traversal, error messages which disclose path information can help attackers craft the appropriate attack strings to move through the file system hierarchy.

Mitigation ID: MIT-16

Phases: Operation, Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.

CAPEC-126: Path Traversal

An adversary uses path manipulation methods to exploit insufficient input validation of a target to obtain access to data that should be not be retrievable by ordinary well-formed requests. A typical variety of this attack involves specifying a path to a desired file together with dot-dot-slash characters, resulting in the file access API or function traversing out of the intended directory structure and into the root file system. By replacing or modifying the expected path information the access function or API retrieves the file desired by the attacker. These attacks either involve the attacker providing a complete path to a targeted file or using control characters (e.g. path separators (/ or \) and/or dots (.)) to reach desired directories or files.

CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic

This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.

CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.

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