Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-22

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.

CVE-2025-10708 (GCVE-0-2025-10708)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-19 11:32 – Updated: 2025-09-19 13:06

Title

Four-Faith Water Conservancy Informatization Platform historyDownload.do;usrlogout.do path traversal

Summary

A security vulnerability has been detected in Four-Faith Water Conservancy Informatization Platform 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /history/historyDownload.do;usrlogout.do. The manipulation of the argument fileName leads to path traversal. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Path Traversal

Assigner

VulDB

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.324996	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.324996	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.644871	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/Cstarplus/CVE/issues/4	exploitissue-tracking

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Four-Faith	Water Conservancy Informatization Platform	Affected: 1.0

Credits

abc_123456 (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-10708",
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          "type": "reporter",
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          "value": "A security vulnerability has been detected in Four-Faith Water Conservancy Informatization Platform 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /history/historyDownload.do;usrlogout.do. The manipulation of the argument fileName leads to path traversal. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way."
        },
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          "lang": "de",
          "value": "Eine Schwachstelle wurde in Four-Faith Water Conservancy Informatization Platform 1.0 gefunden. Hiervon betroffen ist ein unbekannter Codeblock der Datei /history/historyDownload.do;usrlogout.do. Dank der Manipulation des Arguments fileName mit unbekannten Daten kann eine path traversal-Schwachstelle ausgenutzt werden. Ein Angriff ist aus der Distanz m\u00f6glich. Der Exploit wurde der \u00d6ffentlichkeit bekannt gemacht und k\u00f6nnte verwendet werden."
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  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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}

CVE-2025-10709 (GCVE-0-2025-10709)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-19 12:02 – Updated: 2025-09-19 13:05

Title

Four-Faith Water Conservancy Informatization Platform historyDownload.do;otheruserLogin.do;getfile path traversal

Summary

A vulnerability was detected in Four-Faith Water Conservancy Informatization Platform 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /history/historyDownload.do;otheruserLogin.do;getfile. The manipulation of the argument fileName results in path traversal. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Path Traversal

Assigner

VulDB

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.324997	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.324997	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.644874	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/Cstarplus/CVE/issues/5	exploitissue-tracking

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Four-Faith	Water Conservancy Informatization Platform	Affected: 1.0

Credits

abc_123456 (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-10709",
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        },
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          "lang": "de",
          "value": "Es wurde eine Schwachstelle in Four-Faith Water Conservancy Informatization Platform 1.0 entdeckt. Betroffen ist eine unbekannte Verarbeitung der Datei /history/historyDownload.do;otheruserLogin.do;getfile. Dank Manipulation des Arguments fileName mit unbekannten Daten kann eine path traversal-Schwachstelle ausgenutzt werden. Es ist m\u00f6glich, den Angriff aus der Ferne durchzuf\u00fchren. Die Schwachstelle wurde \u00f6ffentlich offengelegt und k\u00f6nnte ausgenutzt werden."
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CVE-2025-10766 (GCVE-0-2025-10766)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-21 07:02 – Updated: 2025-09-22 14:08

Title

SeriaWei ZKEACMS EventViewerController.cs Download path traversal

Summary

A weakness has been identified in SeriaWei ZKEACMS up to 4.3. This issue affects the function Download of the file EventViewerController.cs. Executing manipulation of the argument ID can lead to path traversal. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

4.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

4.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Path Traversal

Assigner

VulDB

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.325121	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325121	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.650445	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/August829/YU1/issues/1	exploitissue-tracking

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
SeriaWei	ZKEACMS	Affected: 4.0 Affected: 4.1 Affected: 4.2 Affected: 4.3

Credits

Yu Bao (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
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        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-10766",
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          "type": "reporter",
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            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
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CVE-2025-10777 (GCVE-0-2025-10777)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-22 02:02 – Updated: 2025-09-22 15:55

Title

JSC R7 R7-Office Document Server downloadas path traversal

Summary

A flaw has been found in JSC R7 R7-Office Document Server up to 20250820. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /downloadas/. Executing manipulation of the argument cmd can lead to path traversal. The attack can be launched remotely. Upgrading to version 2025.3.1.923 is recommended to address this issue. The affected component should be upgraded. R7-Office is a fork of OpenOffice and at the moment it remains unclear if OpenOffice is affected as well. The OpenOffice team was not able to reproduce the issue in their codebase. The vendor replied: "We confirm that this vulnerability has been verified and patched in release 2025.3.1.923. During our security testing, it was not possible to exploit the issue - the server consistently returns proper error responses to the provided scenarios."

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Path Traversal

Assigner

VulDB

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.325133	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325133	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.638446	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
JSC R7	R7-Office Document Server	Affected: 20250820 Unaffected: 2025.3.1.923

Credits

ymka_1 (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-10897 (GCVE-0-2025-10897)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-31 07:26 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:46

Title

WooCommerce Designer Pro <= 1.9.28 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Read

Summary

The WooCommerce Designer Pro theme for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file read in all versions up to, and including, 1.9.28. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files on the server, which can expose DB credentials when the wp-config.php file is read.

Severity

8.6 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

Wordfence

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://codecanyon.net/item/woocommerce-designer-…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
JMA Plugins	WooCommerce Designer Pro	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.9.28 (semver)

Credits

István Márton

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-10951 (GCVE-0-2025-10951)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-25 15:02 – Updated: 2025-09-26 18:07

Title

geyang ml-logger server.py log_handler path traversal

Summary

A vulnerability was identified in geyang ml-logger up to acf255bade5be6ad88d90735c8367b28cbe3a743. Affected by this vulnerability is the function log_handler of the file ml_logger/server.py. Such manipulation of the argument File leads to path traversal. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. This product takes the approach of rolling releases to provide continious delivery. Therefore, version details for affected and updated releases are not available.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

7.3 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

7.3 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Path Traversal

Assigner

VulDB

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.325821	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325821	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.652462	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/geyang/ml-logger/issues/73	exploitissue-tracking

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
geyang	ml-logger	Affected: acf255bade5be6ad88d90735c8367b28cbe3a743

Credits

0x1f (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-10986 (GCVE-0-2025-10986)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-14 14:22 – Updated: 2025-10-14 16:02

Summary

Path traversal in the admin panel of Ivanti EPMM before version 12.6.0.2, 12.5.0.4, and 12.4.0.4 allows a remote authenticated attacker with admin privileges to write data in unintended locations on disk.

Severity

4.7 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

ivanti

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://forums.ivanti.com/s/article/Security-Advi…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Ivanti	Endpoint Manager Mobile	Unaffected: 12.6.0.2 Unaffected: 12.5.0.4 Unaffected: 12.4.0.4

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-11001 (GCVE-0-2025-11001)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-19 21:16 – Updated: 2026-02-26 16:07

Title

7-Zip ZIP File Parsing Directory Traversal Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Summary

7-Zip ZIP File Parsing Directory Traversal Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of 7-Zip. Interaction with this product is required to exploit this vulnerability but attack vectors may vary depending on the implementation. The specific flaw exists within the handling of symbolic links in ZIP files. Crafted data in a ZIP file can cause the process to traverse to unintended directories. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of a service account. Was ZDI-CAN-26753.

Severity

7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

zdi

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-…	x_research-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
7-Zip	7-Zip	Affected: 24.09 (x64)

Date Public

2025-10-07 21:25

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-11002 (GCVE-0-2025-11002)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-23 02:47 – Updated: 2026-02-26 14:44

Title

7-Zip ZIP File Parsing Directory Traversal Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Summary

Severity

7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

zdi

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-…	x_research-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
7-Zip	7-Zip	Affected: 24.09 (x64)

Date Public

2025-10-07 21:26

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-11016 (GCVE-0-2025-11016)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-26 13:32 – Updated: 2025-09-26 19:54

Title

kalcaddle kodbox index.class.php fileOut path traversal

Summary

A security vulnerability has been detected in kalcaddle kodbox up to 1.61.09. The affected element is the function fileOut of the file app/controller/explorer/index.class.php. Such manipulation of the argument path leads to path traversal. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

4.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

4.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Path Traversal

Assigner

VulDB

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.325959	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325959	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.654367	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/August829/YU1/issues/3	issue-tracking
https://github.com/August829/YU1/issues/3#issue-3…	exploitissue-tracking

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
kalcaddle	kodbox	Affected: 1.61.09

Credits

Yu Bao (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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Mitigation ID: MIT-5.1

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.

Mitigation ID: MIT-15

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation ID: MIT-20.1

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59). This includes:
realpath() in C
getCanonicalPath() in Java
GetFullPath() in ASP.NET
realpath() or abs_path() in Perl
realpath() in PHP

Mitigation ID: MIT-4

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Description:

Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].

Mitigation ID: MIT-29

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Description:

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

Mitigation ID: MIT-17

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation ID: MIT-21.1

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

Description:

When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.

Mitigation ID: MIT-22

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

Description:

Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.

Mitigation ID: MIT-34

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

Description:

Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.

Mitigation ID: MIT-39

Phase: Implementation

Description:

Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
In the context of path traversal, error messages which disclose path information can help attackers craft the appropriate attack strings to move through the file system hierarchy.

Mitigation ID: MIT-16

Phases: Operation, Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.

CAPEC-126: Path Traversal

An adversary uses path manipulation methods to exploit insufficient input validation of a target to obtain access to data that should be not be retrievable by ordinary well-formed requests. A typical variety of this attack involves specifying a path to a desired file together with dot-dot-slash characters, resulting in the file access API or function traversing out of the intended directory structure and into the root file system. By replacing or modifying the expected path information the access function or API retrieves the file desired by the attacker. These attacks either involve the attacker providing a complete path to a targeted file or using control characters (e.g. path separators (/ or \) and/or dots (.)) to reach desired directories or files.

CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic

This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.

CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.

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