Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-918

Allowed

Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The web server receives a URL or similar request from an upstream component and retrieves the contents of this URL, but it does not sufficiently ensure that the request is being sent to the expected destination.

4714 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-MQFV-J8MC-8HP5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-11 12:30 – Updated: 2026-02-11 12:30
VLAI
Details

GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab EE affecting all versions from 18.0 before 18.6.6, 18.7 before 18.7.4, and 18.8 before 18.8.4 that, under certain conditions could have allowed an authenticated user with certain permissions to make unauthorized requests to internal network services through the GitLab server.

Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-12575"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-11T12:16:02Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab EE affecting all versions from 18.0 before 18.6.6, 18.7 before 18.7.4, and 18.8 before 18.8.4 that, under certain conditions could have allowed an authenticated user with certain permissions to make unauthorized requests to internal network services through the GitLab server.",
  "id": "GHSA-mqfv-j8mc-8hp5",
  "modified": "2026-02-11T12:30:21Z",
  "published": "2026-02-11T12:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12575"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/3397752"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2026/02/10/patch-release-gitlab-18-8-4-released"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/579171"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MQPC-V236-V2QJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-28 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-04 00:00
VLAI
Details

OX App Suite through 7.10.6 allows SSRF because multipart/form-data boundaries are predictable, and this can lead to injection into internal Documentconverter API calls.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-24406"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-07-27T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "OX App Suite through 7.10.6 allows SSRF because multipart/form-data boundaries are predictable, and this can lead to injection into internal Documentconverter API calls.",
  "id": "GHSA-mqpc-v236-v2qj",
  "modified": "2022-08-04T00:00:23Z",
  "published": "2022-07-28T00:00:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24406"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://open-xchange.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Jul/11"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MQQR-FMXW-GHXX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-03 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-10 00:00
VLAI
Details

The HubSpot WordPress plugin before 8.8.15 does not validate the proxy URL given to the proxy REST endpoint, which could allow users with the edit_posts capability (by default contributor and above) to perform SSRF attacks

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-1239"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-02T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The HubSpot WordPress plugin before 8.8.15 does not validate the proxy URL given to the proxy REST endpoint, which could allow users with the edit_posts capability (by default contributor and above) to perform SSRF attacks",
  "id": "GHSA-mqqr-fmxw-ghxx",
  "modified": "2022-05-10T00:00:30Z",
  "published": "2022-05-03T00:00:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1239"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/4ad2bb96-87a4-4590-a058-b03b33d2fcee"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MQRM-H2PW-9J9R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-19 15:31 – Updated: 2025-03-21 18:31
VLAI
Details

Applications that use Wget to access a remote resource using shorthand URLs and pass arbitrary user credentials in the URL are vulnerable. In these cases attackers can enter crafted credentials which will cause Wget to access an arbitrary host.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-10524"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-19T15:15:06Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Applications that use Wget to access a remote resource using shorthand URLs and pass arbitrary user credentials in the URL are vulnerable. In these cases attackers can enter crafted credentials which will cause Wget to access an arbitrary host.",
  "id": "GHSA-mqrm-h2pw-9j9r",
  "modified": "2025-03-21T18:31:29Z",
  "published": "2024-11-19T15:31:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10524"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/wget.git/commit/?id=c419542d956a2607bbce5df64b9d378a8588d778"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jfrog.com/blog/cve-2024-10524-wget-zero-day-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/oss-sec/2024/q4/107"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250321-0007"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/11/18/6"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MQXM-PGXG-3PR2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 21:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 21:32
VLAI
Details

Adobe Experience Manager is affected by a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. A low-privileged attacker could leverage this vulnerability to issue unauthorized server-side requests, potentially gaining elevated access or control over the victim's account or session. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction. Scope is changed.

Severity
9.6 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-48259"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T20:17:06Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Experience Manager is affected by a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. A low-privileged attacker could leverage this vulnerability to issue unauthorized server-side requests, potentially gaining elevated access or control over the victim\u0027s account or session. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction. Scope is changed.",
  "id": "GHSA-mqxm-pgxg-3pr2",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T21:32:18Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T21:32:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48259"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/experience-manager/apsb26-74.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MR2G-87R5-J9X5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-18 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-18 15:30
VLAI
Details

A server-side request forgery (SSRF) was discovered in the Akana Community Manager Developer Portal in versions prior to and including 2022.1.3. Reported by Jakob Antonsson.

Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-2796"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-18T15:15:29Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A server-side request forgery (SSRF) was discovered in the Akana Community Manager Developer Portal in versions prior to and including 2022.1.3. Reported by Jakob Antonsson.\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-mr2g-87r5-j9x5",
  "modified": "2024-04-18T15:30:49Z",
  "published": "2024-04-18T15:30:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2796"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.perforce.com/s/detail/a91PA000001STuXYAW"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MR4R-HCGX-8P4H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-14 00:31
VLAI
Details

CrewAI before 1.15.1 contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability in the validate_url function that performs one-shot DNS resolution and blocklist checks before returning the original URL unchanged. Attackers can bypass the security filter by supplying URLs that redirect to internal addresses or use DNS rebinding techniques to access internal services and cloud metadata endpoints.

Severity
7.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
8.3 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-62240"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-13T22:16:52Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "CrewAI before 1.15.1 contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability in the validate_url function that performs one-shot DNS resolution and blocklist checks before returning the original URL unchanged. Attackers can bypass the security filter by supplying URLs that redirect to internal addresses or use DNS rebinding techniques to access internal services and cloud metadata endpoints.",
  "id": "GHSA-mr4r-hcgx-8p4h",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T00:31:04Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T00:31:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-62240"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/issues/6520"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/pull/6331"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/commit/5d4851eac797cafc45b726f65747fe2c9520fc42"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/1.15.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/crewai-ssrf-filter-bypass-via-http-redirect-in-scrape-tools"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MR53-PPCX-5XQW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-15 12:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34
VLAI
Details

Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in EPC Photography. This issue affects Photography: from n/a through 7.5.2.

Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30964"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-15T12:15:22Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in EPC Photography. This issue affects Photography: from n/a through 7.5.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-mr53-ppcx-5xqw",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:42Z",
  "published": "2025-04-15T12:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30964"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/theme/photography/vulnerability/wordpress-photography-theme-7-5-2-server-side-request-forgery-ssrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MR76-PVC2-W479

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-09 09:31 – Updated: 2025-01-09 15:31
VLAI
Details

A Server-Side Request Forgery vulnerability in the SonicOS SSH management interface allows a remote attacker to establish a TCP connection to an IP address on any port when the user is logged in to the firewall.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-53705"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-09T07:15:27Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A Server-Side Request Forgery vulnerability in the SonicOS SSH management interface allows a remote attacker to establish a TCP connection to an IP address on any port when the user is logged in to the firewall.",
  "id": "GHSA-mr76-pvc2-w479",
  "modified": "2025-01-09T15:31:51Z",
  "published": "2025-01-09T09:31:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-53705"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2025-0003"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MRMQ-3Q62-6CC8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-29 19:24 – Updated: 2025-07-30 11:43
VLAI
Summary
BentoML SSRF Vulnerability in File Upload Processing
Details

Description

There's an SSRF in the file upload processing system that allows remote attackers to make arbitrary HTTP requests from the server without authentication. The vulnerability exists in the serialization/deserialization handlers for multipart form data and JSON requests, which automatically download files from user-provided URLs without proper validation of internal network addresses.

The framework automatically registers any service endpoint with file-type parameters (pathlib.Path, PIL.Image.Image) as vulnerable to this attack, making it a framework-wide security issue that affects most real-world ML services handling file uploads. While BentoML implements basic URL scheme validation in the JSONSerde path, the MultipartSerde path has no validation whatsoever, and neither path restricts access to internal networks, cloud metadata endpoints, or localhost services.

The documentation explicitly promotes this URL-based file upload feature, making it an intended but insecure design that exposes all deployed services to SSRF attacks by default.

Source - Sink Analysis

Source: User-controlled multipart form field values and JSON request bodies containing URLs

Call Chain - Path 1 (MultipartSerde - No Validation): 1. HTTP POST request with multipart form data to any BentoML endpoint with file-type input parameters
2. MultipartSerde.parse_request() in src/_bentoml_impl/serde.py:202 processes the request 3. form = await request.form() parses multipart data using Starlette 4. For file-type fields: value = [await self.ensure_file(v) for v in form.getlist(k)] at line 209 5. MultipartSerde.ensure_file() called at lines 186-200 with user-controlled string URL 6. Sink: resp = await client.get(obj) at line 193 - Direct HTTP request with zero validation

Call Chain - Path 2 (JSONSerde - Weak Validation):
1. HTTP POST request with JSON body containing URL to endpoint with IORootModel + multipart_fields 2. JSONSerde.parse_request() in src/_bentoml_impl/serde.py:157 processes the request 3. body = await request.body() extracts request body 4. Condition check: if issubclass(cls, IORootModel) and cls.multipart_fields: at line 164 5. Weak validation: if is_http_url(url := body.decode("utf-8", "ignore")): at line 165 (only checks scheme) 6. Sink: resp = await client.get(url) at line 168 - HTTP request after insufficient validation

Proof of Concept

Create a BentoML service:

from pathlib import Path
import bentoml

@bentoml.service  
class ImageProcessor:
    @bentoml.api
    def process_image(self, image: Path) -> str:
        return f"Processed image: {image}"

Deploy and exploit:

# Start service (binds to 0.0.0.0:3000 by default)
bentoml serve service.py:ImageProcessor

# SSRF Attack 1 - Access AWS metadata  
curl -X POST http://target:3000/process_image \
     -F 'image=http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/'

# SSRF Attack 2 - Internal service enumeration
curl -X POST http://target:3000/process_image \  
     -F 'image=http://localhost:8080/admin'

# SSRF Attack 3 - Internal network scanning
curl -X POST http://target:3000/process_image \
     -F 'image=http://10.0.0.1:22'

Expected result: Server makes HTTP requests to internal/cloud endpoints, potentially returning sensitive data in error messages or logs.

Impact

  • Access AWS/GCP/Azure cloud metadata services for credential theft
  • Enumerate and interact with internal HTTP services and APIs
  • Bypass firewall restrictions to reach internal network resources
  • Perform network reconnaissance from the server's perspective
  • Retrieve sensitive information disclosed in HTTP response data
  • Potential for internal service exploitation through crafted requests

Remediation

Implement comprehensive URL validation in both serialization paths by adding network restriction checks to prevent access to internal/private network ranges, localhost, and cloud metadata endpoints. The existing is_http_url() function should be enhanced to include allowlist validation rather than just scheme checking.

Severity
9.9 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:L
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "bentoml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.4.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.4.19"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-54381"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-07-29T19:24:47Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-29T23:15:32Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Description\n\nThere\u0027s an SSRF in the file upload processing system that allows remote attackers to make arbitrary HTTP requests from the server without authentication. The vulnerability exists in the serialization/deserialization handlers for multipart form data and JSON requests, which automatically download files from user-provided URLs without proper validation of internal network addresses.\n\nThe framework automatically registers any service endpoint with file-type parameters (`pathlib.Path`, `PIL.Image.Image`) as vulnerable to this attack, making it a framework-wide security issue that affects most real-world ML services handling file uploads. While BentoML implements basic URL scheme validation in the `JSONSerde` path, the `MultipartSerde` path has no validation whatsoever, and neither path restricts access to internal networks, cloud metadata endpoints, or localhost services.\n\nThe documentation explicitly promotes this URL-based file upload feature, making it an intended but insecure design that exposes all deployed services to SSRF attacks by default.\n\n### Source - Sink Analysis\n\n**Source:** User-controlled multipart form field values and JSON request bodies containing URLs\n\n**Call Chain - Path 1 (MultipartSerde - No Validation):**\n1. HTTP POST request with multipart form data to any BentoML endpoint with file-type input parameters  \n2. `MultipartSerde.parse_request()` in `src/_bentoml_impl/serde.py:202` processes the request\n3. `form = await request.form()` parses multipart data using Starlette\n4. For file-type fields: `value = [await self.ensure_file(v) for v in form.getlist(k)]` at line 209\n5. `MultipartSerde.ensure_file()` called at lines 186-200 with user-controlled string URL\n6. **Sink:** `resp = await client.get(obj)` at line 193 - Direct HTTP request with zero validation\n\n**Call Chain - Path 2 (JSONSerde - Weak Validation):**  \n1. HTTP POST request with JSON body containing URL to endpoint with `IORootModel` + `multipart_fields`\n2. `JSONSerde.parse_request()` in `src/_bentoml_impl/serde.py:157` processes the request\n3. `body = await request.body()` extracts request body\n4. Condition check: `if issubclass(cls, IORootModel) and cls.multipart_fields:` at line 164\n5. Weak validation: `if is_http_url(url := body.decode(\"utf-8\", \"ignore\")):` at line 165 (only checks scheme)\n6. **Sink:** `resp = await client.get(url)` at line 168 - HTTP request after insufficient validation\n\n### Proof of Concept\n\nCreate a BentoML service:\n```python\nfrom pathlib import Path\nimport bentoml\n\n@bentoml.service  \nclass ImageProcessor:\n    @bentoml.api\n    def process_image(self, image: Path) -\u003e str:\n        return f\"Processed image: {image}\"\n```\n\nDeploy and exploit:\n```bash\n# Start service (binds to 0.0.0.0:3000 by default)\nbentoml serve service.py:ImageProcessor\n\n# SSRF Attack 1 - Access AWS metadata  \ncurl -X POST http://target:3000/process_image \\\n     -F \u0027image=http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/\u0027\n\n# SSRF Attack 2 - Internal service enumeration\ncurl -X POST http://target:3000/process_image \\  \n     -F \u0027image=http://localhost:8080/admin\u0027\n\n# SSRF Attack 3 - Internal network scanning\ncurl -X POST http://target:3000/process_image \\\n     -F \u0027image=http://10.0.0.1:22\u0027\n```\n\nExpected result: Server makes HTTP requests to internal/cloud endpoints, potentially returning sensitive data in error messages or logs.\n\n### Impact\n- Access AWS/GCP/Azure cloud metadata services for credential theft\n- Enumerate and interact with internal HTTP services and APIs  \n- Bypass firewall restrictions to reach internal network resources\n- Perform network reconnaissance from the server\u0027s perspective\n- Retrieve sensitive information disclosed in HTTP response data\n- Potential for internal service exploitation through crafted requests\n\n### Remediation  \n\nImplement comprehensive URL validation in both serialization paths by adding network restriction checks to prevent access to internal/private network ranges, localhost, and cloud metadata endpoints. The existing `is_http_url()` function should be enhanced to include allowlist validation rather than just scheme checking.",
  "id": "GHSA-mrmq-3q62-6cc8",
  "modified": "2025-07-30T11:43:56Z",
  "published": "2025-07-29T19:24:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bentoml/BentoML/security/advisories/GHSA-mrmq-3q62-6cc8"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54381"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bentoml/BentoML/commit/534c3584621da4ab954bdc3d814cc66b95ae5fb8"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/bentoml/BentoML"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "BentoML SSRF Vulnerability in File Upload Processing  "
}

No mitigation information available for this CWE.

CAPEC-664: Server Side Request Forgery

An adversary exploits improper input validation by submitting maliciously crafted input to a target application running on a server, with the goal of forcing the server to make a request either to itself, to web services running in the server’s internal network, or to external third parties. If successful, the adversary’s request will be made with the server’s privilege level, bypassing its authentication controls. This ultimately allows the adversary to access sensitive data, execute commands on the server’s network, and make external requests with the stolen identity of the server. Server Side Request Forgery attacks differ from Cross Site Request Forgery attacks in that they target the server itself, whereas CSRF attacks exploit an insecure user authentication mechanism to perform unauthorized actions on the user's behalf.

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