Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-89

Allowed

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable

The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.

27471 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2024-27304 (GCVE-0-2024-27304)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-06 19:07 – Updated: 2024-12-12 20:52
VLAI
Title
pgx SQL Injection via Protocol Message Size Overflow
Summary
pgx is a PostgreSQL driver and toolkit for Go. SQL injection can occur if an attacker can cause a single query or bind message to exceed 4 GB in size. An integer overflow in the calculated message size can cause the one large message to be sent as multiple messages under the attacker's control. The problem is resolved in v4.18.2 and v5.5.4. As a workaround, reject user input large enough to cause a single query or bind message to exceed 4 GB in size.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  • CWE-190 - Integer Overflow or Wraparound
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jackc pgx Affected: < 4.18.2
Affected: >= 5.0.0, < 5.5.4
Create a notification for this product.
jackc pgx Affected: 0 , < 4.18.2 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:jackc:pgx:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
jackc pgx Affected: 5.0.0 , < 5.5.4 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:jackc:pgx:5.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-27299 (GCVE-0-2024-27299)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-25 18:26 – Updated: 2024-08-02 00:28
VLAI
Title
phpMyFAQ SQL Injection at "Save News"
Summary
phpMyFAQ is an open source FAQ web application for PHP 8.1+ and MySQL, PostgreSQL and other databases. A SQL injection vulnerability has been discovered in the the "Add News" functionality due to improper escaping of the email address. This allows any authenticated user with the rights to add/edit FAQ news to exploit this vulnerability to exfiltrate data, take over accounts and in some cases, even achieve RCE. The vulnerable field lies in the `authorEmail` field which uses PHP's `FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL` filter. This filter is insufficient in protecting against SQL injection attacks and should still be properly escaped. However, in this version of phpMyFAQ (3.2.5), this field is not escaped properly can be used together with other fields to fully exploit the SQL injection vulnerability. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.2.6.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
thorsten phpMyFAQ Affected: 3.2.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-27298 (GCVE-0-2024-27298)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-01 17:48 – Updated: 2024-08-22 18:28
VLAI
Title
Parse Server literalizeRegexPart SQL Injection
Summary
parse-server is a Parse Server for Node.js / Express. This vulnerability allows SQL injection when Parse Server is configured to use the PostgreSQL database. The vulnerability has been fixed in 6.5.0 and 7.0.0-alpha.20.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
parse-community parse-server Affected: < 6.5.0
Affected: >= 7.0.0-alpha.1, < 7.0.0-alpha.20
Create a notification for this product.
parseplatform parse-server Affected: 0 , < 6.5.0 (custom)
Affected: 7.0.0-alpha.1 , < 7.0.0-alpha.20 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:parseplatform:parse-server:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-27289 (GCVE-0-2024-27289)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-06 18:28 – Updated: 2025-06-12 15:45
VLAI
Title
pgx SQL Injection via Line Comment Creation
Summary
pgx is a PostgreSQL driver and toolkit for Go. Prior to version 4.18.2, SQL injection can occur when all of the following conditions are met: the non-default simple protocol is used; a placeholder for a numeric value must be immediately preceded by a minus; there must be a second placeholder for a string value after the first placeholder; both must be on the same line; and both parameter values must be user-controlled. The problem is resolved in v4.18.2. As a workaround, do not use the simple protocol or do not place a minus directly before a placeholder.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jackc pgx Affected: < 4.18.2
Create a notification for this product.
jackc pgx Affected: 0 , < 4.18.2 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:jackc:pgx:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-27112 (GCVE-0-2024-27112)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-11 13:41 – Updated: 2025-03-11 13:38
VLAI
Title
SQL Injection in SOPlanning before 1.52.02
Summary
A unauthenticated SQL Injection has been found in the SO Planning tool that occurs when the public view setting is enabled. An attacker could use this vulnerability to gain access to the underlying database. The vulnerability has been remediated in version 1.52.02.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://csirt.divd.nl/CVE-2024-27112 third-party-advisory
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Simple Online Planning SO Planning Affected: before 1.52.01
Create a notification for this product.
soplanning soplanning Affected: 0 , < 1.52.02 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:soplanning:soplanning:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Wietse Boonstra (DIVD) Hidde Smit (DIVD) Max van der Horst (DIVD)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-27096 (GCVE-0-2024-27096)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-18 16:11 – Updated: 2025-04-10 20:23
VLAI
Title
SQL Injection in through the search engine
Summary
GLPI is a Free Asset and IT Management Software package, Data center management, ITIL Service Desk, licenses tracking and software auditing. An authenticated user can exploit a SQL injection vulnerability in the search engine to extract data from the database. This issue has been patched in version 10.0.13.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
glpi-project glpi Affected: >= 0.65, < 10.0.13
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-26264 (GCVE-0-2024-26264)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-15 03:02 – Updated: 2024-08-06 15:34
VLAI
Title
EBM Technologies RISWEB - SQL Injection
Summary
EBM Technologies RISWEB's specific query function parameter does not properly restrict user input, and this feature page is accessible without login. This allows remote attackers to inject SQL commands without authentication, enabling them to read, modify, and delete database records.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
EBM Technologies RISWEB Affected: 1.x
Affected: 2.x
Create a notification for this product.
ebm_technologies risweb Affected: 1.x
Affected: 2.x
    cpe:2.3:a:ebm_technologies:risweb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-02-15 03:02
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-26262 (GCVE-0-2024-26262)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-15 02:40 – Updated: 2024-08-22 13:16
VLAI
Title
EBM Technologies Uniweb/SoliPACS WebServer - SQL Injection
Summary
EBM Technologies Uniweb/SoliPACS WebServer's query functionality lacks proper restrictions of user input, allowing remote attackers authenticated as regular user to inject SQL commands for reading, modifying, and deleting database records, as well as executing system commands. Attackers may even leverage the dbo privilege in the database for privilege escalation, elevating their privileges to administrator .
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
EBM Technologies Uniweb/SoliPACS WebServer Affected: , < 12.1.2504 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
ebm_technologies uniweb Affected: 0 , < 12.1.2504 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:ebm_technologies:uniweb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-02-15 02:40
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-26026 (GCVE-0-2024-26026)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-08 15:01 – Updated: 2025-09-18 19:53
VLAI
Title
BIG-IP Central Manager SQL Injection
Summary
An SQL injection vulnerability exists in the BIG-IP Next Central Manager API (URI).  Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
f5
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
F5 BIG-IP Next Central Manager Affected: 20.0.1 , < 20.2.0 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
f5 big-ip_next_central_manager Affected: 20.0.1 , < 20.2.0 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:f5:big-ip_next_central_manager:20.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-05-08 14:00
Credits
F5 acknowledges Vladyslav Babkin of Eclypsium for bringing this issue to our attention and following the highest standards of coordinated disclosure.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-25937 (GCVE-0-2024-25937)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-21 22:09 – Updated: 2024-08-14 15:43
VLAI
Title
Delta Electronics DIAEnergie SQL injection
Summary
SQL injection vulnerability exists in the script DIAE_tagHandler.ashx.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-89 - Improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command ('SQL injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Delta Electronics DIAEnergie Affected: 0 , < v1.10.00.005 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
delta_electronics diaenergie Affected: 0 , < v1.10.00.005 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:delta_electronics:diaenergie:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-03-14 17:00
Credits
Michael Heinzl reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
  • For example, consider using persistence layers such as Hibernate or Enterprise Java Beans, which can provide significant protection against SQL injection if used properly.
Mitigation MIT-27
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Parameterization

  • If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
  • Process SQL queries using prepared statements, parameterized queries, or stored procedures. These features should accept parameters or variables and support strong typing. Do not dynamically construct and execute query strings within these features using "exec" or similar functionality, since this may re-introduce the possibility of SQL injection. [REF-867]
Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
  • Specifically, follow the principle of least privilege when creating user accounts to a SQL database. The database users should only have the minimum privileges necessary to use their account. If the requirements of the system indicate that a user can read and modify their own data, then limit their privileges so they cannot read/write others' data. Use the strictest permissions possible on all database objects, such as execute-only for stored procedures.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation MIT-28
Implementation

Strategy: Output Encoding

  • While it is risky to use dynamically-generated query strings, code, or commands that mix control and data together, sometimes it may be unavoidable. Properly quote arguments and escape any special characters within those arguments. The most conservative approach is to escape or filter all characters that do not pass an extremely strict allowlist (such as everything that is not alphanumeric or white space). If some special characters are still needed, such as white space, wrap each argument in quotes after the escaping/filtering step. Be careful of argument injection (CWE-88).
  • Instead of building a new implementation, such features may be available in the database or programming language. For example, the Oracle DBMS_ASSERT package can check or enforce that parameters have certain properties that make them less vulnerable to SQL injection. For MySQL, the mysql_real_escape_string() API function is available in both C and PHP.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When constructing SQL query strings, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set based on the expected value of the parameter in the request. This will indirectly limit the scope of an attack, but this technique is less important than proper output encoding and escaping.
  • Note that proper output encoding, escaping, and quoting is the most effective solution for preventing SQL injection, although input validation may provide some defense-in-depth. This is because it effectively limits what will appear in output. Input validation will not always prevent SQL injection, especially if you are required to support free-form text fields that could contain arbitrary characters. For example, the name "O'Reilly" would likely pass the validation step, since it is a common last name in the English language. However, it cannot be directly inserted into the database because it contains the "'" apostrophe character, which would need to be escaped or otherwise handled. In this case, stripping the apostrophe might reduce the risk of SQL injection, but it would produce incorrect behavior because the wrong name would be recorded.
  • When feasible, it may be safest to disallow meta-characters entirely, instead of escaping them. This will provide some defense in depth. After the data is entered into the database, later processes may neglect to escape meta-characters before use, and you may not have control over those processes.
Mitigation MIT-21
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.

Mitigation MIT-39
Implementation
  • Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
  • If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
  • Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
  • In the context of SQL Injection, error messages revealing the structure of a SQL query can help attackers tailor successful attack strings.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481.

Mitigation MIT-16
Operation Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.

CAPEC-108: Command Line Execution through SQL Injection

An attacker uses standard SQL injection methods to inject data into the command line for execution. This could be done directly through misuse of directives such as MSSQL_xp_cmdshell or indirectly through injection of data into the database that would be interpreted as shell commands. Sometime later, an unscrupulous backend application (or could be part of the functionality of the same application) fetches the injected data stored in the database and uses this data as command line arguments without performing proper validation. The malicious data escapes that data plane by spawning new commands to be executed on the host.

CAPEC-109: Object Relational Mapping Injection

An attacker leverages a weakness present in the database access layer code generated with an Object Relational Mapping (ORM) tool or a weakness in the way that a developer used a persistence framework to inject their own SQL commands to be executed against the underlying database. The attack here is similar to plain SQL injection, except that the application does not use JDBC to directly talk to the database, but instead it uses a data access layer generated by an ORM tool or framework (e.g. Hibernate). While most of the time code generated by an ORM tool contains safe access methods that are immune to SQL injection, sometimes either due to some weakness in the generated code or due to the fact that the developer failed to use the generated access methods properly, SQL injection is still possible.

CAPEC-110: SQL Injection through SOAP Parameter Tampering

An attacker modifies the parameters of the SOAP message that is sent from the service consumer to the service provider to initiate a SQL injection attack. On the service provider side, the SOAP message is parsed and parameters are not properly validated before being used to access a database in a way that does not use parameter binding, thus enabling the attacker to control the structure of the executed SQL query. This pattern describes a SQL injection attack with the delivery mechanism being a SOAP message.

CAPEC-470: Expanding Control over the Operating System from the Database

An attacker is able to leverage access gained to the database to read / write data to the file system, compromise the operating system, create a tunnel for accessing the host machine, and use this access to potentially attack other machines on the same network as the database machine. Traditionally SQL injections attacks are viewed as a way to gain unauthorized read access to the data stored in the database, modify the data in the database, delete the data, etc. However, almost every data base management system (DBMS) system includes facilities that if compromised allow an attacker complete access to the file system, operating system, and full access to the host running the database. The attacker can then use this privileged access to launch subsequent attacks. These facilities include dropping into a command shell, creating user defined functions that can call system level libraries present on the host machine, stored procedures, etc.

CAPEC-66: SQL Injection

This attack exploits target software that constructs SQL statements based on user input. An attacker crafts input strings so that when the target software constructs SQL statements based on the input, the resulting SQL statement performs actions other than those the application intended. SQL Injection results from failure of the application to appropriately validate input.

CAPEC-7: Blind SQL Injection

Blind SQL Injection results from an insufficient mitigation for SQL Injection. Although suppressing database error messages are considered best practice, the suppression alone is not sufficient to prevent SQL Injection. Blind SQL Injection is a form of SQL Injection that overcomes the lack of error messages. Without the error messages that facilitate SQL Injection, the adversary constructs input strings that probe the target through simple Boolean SQL expressions. The adversary can determine if the syntax and structure of the injection was successful based on whether the query was executed or not. Applied iteratively, the adversary determines how and where the target is vulnerable to SQL Injection.