CWE-862
Allowed-with-ReviewMissing Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.
14965 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-4HFP-M9GV-M753
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-21 18:04 – Updated: 2024-02-21 19:33Impact
The licensor application includes the document Licenses.Code.LicenseJSON that provides information for admins regarding active licenses. This document is public and thus exposes this information publicly. The information includes the instance's id as well as first and last name and email of the license owner. This is a leak of information that isn't supposed to be public. The instance id allows associating data on the active installs data with the concrete XWiki instance. Active installs assures that "there's no way to find who's having a given UUID" (referring to the instance id). Further, the information who the license owner is and information about the obtained licenses can be used for targeted phishing attacks. Also, while user information is normally public, email addresses might only be displayed obfuscated (depending on the configuration).
Patches
This has been fixed in Application Licensing 1.24.2, by https://github.com/xwikisas/application-licensing/commit/d168fb88fc0d121bf95e769ea21c55c00bebe5a6
Workarounds
There are no known workarounds besides upgrading.
References
Fixed by https://github.com/xwikisas/application-licensing/commit/d168fb88fc0d121bf95e769ea21c55c00bebe5a6
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.xwiki.licensing:application-licensing-licensor-ui"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.24.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-26138"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-02-21T18:04:57Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-21T17:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nThe licensor application includes the document `Licenses.Code.LicenseJSON` that provides information for admins regarding active licenses. This document is public and thus exposes this information publicly. The information includes the instance\u0027s id as well as first and last name and email of the license owner. This is a leak of information that isn\u0027t supposed to be public. The instance id allows associating data on the [active installs data](https://extensions.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Extension/Active%20Installs%202%20API/) with the concrete XWiki instance. Active installs assures that \"there\u0027s no way to find who\u0027s having a given UUID\" (referring to the instance id). Further, the information who the license owner is and information about the obtained licenses can be used for targeted phishing attacks. Also, while user information is normally public, email addresses might only be displayed obfuscated (depending on the configuration).\n\n### Patches\nThis has been fixed in Application Licensing 1.24.2, by https://github.com/xwikisas/application-licensing/commit/d168fb88fc0d121bf95e769ea21c55c00bebe5a6\n\n### Workarounds\nThere are no known workarounds besides upgrading.\n\n### References\nFixed by https://github.com/xwikisas/application-licensing/commit/d168fb88fc0d121bf95e769ea21c55c00bebe5a6\n",
"id": "GHSA-4hfp-m9gv-m753",
"modified": "2024-02-21T19:33:21Z",
"published": "2024-02-21T18:04:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xwikisas/application-licensing/security/advisories/GHSA-4hfp-m9gv-m753"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-26138"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xwikisas/application-licensing/commit/d168fb88fc0d121bf95e769ea21c55c00bebe5a6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://extensions.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Extension/Active%20Installs%202%20API"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/xwikisas/application-licensing"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "XWiki extension license information is public, exposing instance id and license holder details"
}
GHSA-4HHG-39MV-CQCM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-12 09:30 – Updated: 2025-08-12 09:30The Simple Local Avatars plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data in version 2.8.4. This is due to a missing capability check on the migrate_from_wp_user_avatar() function. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to migrate avatar metadata for all users.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-8482"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-12T07:15:30Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Simple Local Avatars plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data in version 2.8.4. This is due to a missing capability check on the migrate_from_wp_user_avatar() function. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to migrate avatar metadata for all users.",
"id": "GHSA-4hhg-39mv-cqcm",
"modified": "2025-08-12T09:30:31Z",
"published": "2025-08-12T09:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8482"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/simple-local-avatars/tags/2.8.4/includes/class-simple-local-avatars.php#L123"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/simple-local-avatars/tags/2.8.4/includes/class-simple-local-avatars.php?marks=1663-1672#L1663"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3340223%40simple-local-avatars\u0026new=3340223%40simple-local-avatars\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/69d78334-2b38-43ee-acf6-c073d5826213?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HM4-94G6-F23F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-12 18:30 – Updated: 2023-07-12 22:31Jenkins Orka by MacStadium Plugin 1.33 and earlier does not perform a permission check in an HTTP endpoint.
This allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to connect to an attacker-specified URL using attacker-specified credentials IDs obtained through another method, capturing credentials stored in Jenkins.
Orka by MacStadium Plugin 1.34 requires Overall/Administer permission to access the affected HTTP endpoint.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "io.jenkins.plugins:macstadium-orka"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.34"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-37949"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-12T22:31:25Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-12T16:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Jenkins Orka by MacStadium Plugin 1.33 and earlier does not perform a permission check in an HTTP endpoint.\n\nThis allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to connect to an attacker-specified URL using attacker-specified credentials IDs obtained through another method, capturing credentials stored in Jenkins.\n\nOrka by MacStadium Plugin 1.34 requires Overall/Administer permission to access the affected HTTP endpoint.",
"id": "GHSA-4hm4-94g6-f23f",
"modified": "2023-07-12T22:31:25Z",
"published": "2023-07-12T18:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37949"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2023-07-12/#SECURITY-3128"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/07/12/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Jenkins Orka by MacStadium Plugin missing permission check"
}
GHSA-4HP4-G6XP-WXFW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-12 06:31 – Updated: 2026-04-08 21:33The Product Filtering by Categories, Tags, Price Range for WooCommerce – Filter Plus plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.5 due to a missing capability check on the 'filter_save_settings' and 'add_filter_options' AJAX actions. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to modify the plugin's settings and create arbitrary filter options.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-13314"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-12T04:15:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Product Filtering by Categories, Tags, Price Range for WooCommerce \u2013 Filter Plus plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.5 due to a missing capability check on the \u0027filter_save_settings\u0027 and \u0027add_filter_options\u0027 AJAX actions. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to modify the plugin\u0027s settings and create arbitrary filter options.",
"id": "GHSA-4hp4-g6xp-wxfw",
"modified": "2026-04-08T21:33:09Z",
"published": "2025-12-12T06:31:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13314"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/filter-plus/tags/1.1.5/base/enqueue.php#L178"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/filter-plus/tags/1.1.5/core/admin/settings/action.php#L23"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/filter-plus/tags/1.1.5/core/admin/settings/action.php#L28"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/filter-plus/tags/1.1.5/core/admin/settings/action.php#L82"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/filter-plus/tags/1.1.7/core/admin/settings/action.php#L23"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/c9686681-4e64-43f1-ba0a-56d10c8d1db9?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HP7-3WXG-CV9Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-26 19:07 – Updated: 2026-03-27 21:50Impact
Authenticated Control Panel users could view entry revisions for any collection with revisions enabled, regardless of whether they had the required collection permissions. This bypasses the authorization checks that the main entry controllers enforce, exposing entry field values and blueprint data.
Users could also create entry revisions without edit permission, though this only snapshots the existing content state and does not affect published content.
Patches
This has been fixed in 5.73.16 and 6.7.2.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "statamic/cms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.73.16"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "statamic/cms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.0.0-alpha.1"
},
{
"fixed": "6.7.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33887"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-26T19:07:23Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-27T21:17:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nAuthenticated Control Panel users could view entry revisions for any collection with revisions enabled, regardless of whether they had the required collection permissions. This bypasses the authorization checks that the main entry controllers enforce, exposing entry field values and blueprint data.\n\nUsers could also create entry revisions without edit permission, though this only snapshots the existing content state and does not affect published content.\n\n### Patches\nThis has been fixed in 5.73.16 and 6.7.2.",
"id": "GHSA-4hp7-3wxg-cv9q",
"modified": "2026-03-27T21:50:44Z",
"published": "2026-03-26T19:07:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/statamic/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-4hp7-3wxg-cv9q"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33887"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/statamic/cms"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Statamic allows unauthorized content access through missing authorization in its revision controllers "
}
GHSA-4HPX-FF68-4G35
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-19 12:31 – Updated: 2024-06-19 12:31Missing Authorization vulnerability in POSIMYTH Nexter.This issue affects Nexter: from n/a through 2.0.3.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-45658"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-19T12:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in POSIMYTH Nexter.This issue affects Nexter: from n/a through 2.0.3.",
"id": "GHSA-4hpx-ff68-4g35",
"modified": "2024-06-19T12:31:21Z",
"published": "2024-06-19T12:31:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45658"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/nexter/wordpress-nexter-theme-2-0-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HQ6-HM84-9R6R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:12 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:12GitLab EE/CE 11.1 through 12.9 is vulnerable to parameter tampering on an upload feature that allows an unauthorized user to read content available under specific folders.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-10955"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-200",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-03-27T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "GitLab EE/CE 11.1 through 12.9 is vulnerable to parameter tampering on an upload feature that allows an unauthorized user to read content available under specific folders.",
"id": "GHSA-4hq6-hm84-9r6r",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:12:53Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:12:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-10955"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2020/03/26/security-release-12-dot-9-dot-1-released"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://about.gitlab.com/releases/categories/releases"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4691"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HQF-VMXX-HJ9H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-24 15:33 – Updated: 2026-07-24 21:32Missing Authorization vulnerability in Apache HBase thrift and rest delegation service.
A scan operation in thrift/rest service has 3 steps, open, fetch(possible multiple times), close. The open step will return an id which will be passed back to server for identifying the scanner instances stored at server side. We missed the owner check in fetch and close steps which means a user can fetch rows from the scanner which is opened by other users, and close scanners which belongs to other users.
This issue affects Apache HBase:from 3.0.0-alpha-1 through 3.0.0-beta-1, from 2.6.0 through 2.6.5, from 2.5.0 through 2.5.14, through 2.4.*.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.0.0-beta-2, 2.6.6 and 2.5.15, which fixes the issue.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-49326"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-24T15:17:31Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Apache HBase thrift and rest delegation service.\n\nA scan operation in thrift/rest service has 3 steps, open, fetch(possible multiple times), close.\nThe open step will return an id which will be passed back to server for identifying the scanner instances stored at server side.\nWe missed the owner check in fetch and close steps which means a user can fetch rows from the scanner which is opened by other users, and close scanners which belongs to other users.\n\nThis issue affects Apache HBase:from 3.0.0-alpha-1 through 3.0.0-beta-1, from 2.6.0 through 2.6.5, from 2.5.0 through 2.5.14, through 2.4.*.\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 3.0.0-beta-2, 2.6.6 and 2.5.15, which fixes the issue.",
"id": "GHSA-4hqf-vmxx-hj9h",
"modified": "2026-07-24T21:32:22Z",
"published": "2026-07-24T15:33:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49326"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/f4l4sjgwb9tb04cqnkpgl6gy3slgvcsj"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/07/24/23"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HWC-QXWW-8XR8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-07 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:39The WooCommerce Multi Currency plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authorization bypass due to a missing capability check on the wmc_bulk_fixed_price function in versions up to, and including, 2.1.17. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level permissions and above, to make changes to product prices.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-4379"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-07T13:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The WooCommerce Multi Currency plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authorization bypass due to a missing capability check on the wmc_bulk_fixed_price function in versions up to, and including, 2.1.17. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level permissions and above, to make changes to product prices.",
"id": "GHSA-4hwc-qxww-8xr8",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:39:21Z",
"published": "2023-06-07T15:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-4379"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.nintechnet.com/vulnerability-fixed-in-wordpress-woocommerce-multi-currency-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://codecanyon.net/item/woocommerce-multi-currency/20948446"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/e2318ae9-4115-442e-9293-a9251787c5f3?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4J42-6XFX-H754
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-13 18:31 – Updated: 2023-12-18 18:38A missing permission check in Jenkins Scriptler Plugin 342.v6a_89fd40f466 and earlier allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to read the contents of a Groovy script by knowing its ID.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:scriptler"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "342.v6a"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-50765"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-12-13T19:31:20Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-13T18:15:43Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A missing permission check in Jenkins Scriptler Plugin 342.v6a_89fd40f466 and earlier allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to read the contents of a Groovy script by knowing its ID.",
"id": "GHSA-4j42-6xfx-h754",
"modified": "2023-12-18T18:38:26Z",
"published": "2023-12-13T18:31:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-50765"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/scriptler-plugin/commit/5addb5f9e68596abdba216e61cf714c2767b874b"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/scriptler-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2023-12-13/#SECURITY-3206"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/12/13/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Missing permission check in Jenkins Scriptler Plugin"
}
Mitigation
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.