Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14925 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-3Q84-VRVX-RFVF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:19 – Updated: 2022-12-16 20:24
VLAI
Summary
Multiple vulnerabilities allow bypassing path filtering of agent-to-controller access control in Jenkins
Details

The agent-to-controller security subsystem limits which files on the Jenkins controller can be accessed by agent processes.

Multiple vulnerabilities in the file path filtering implementation of Jenkins 2.318 and earlier, LTS 2.303.2 and earlier allow agent processes to read and write arbitrary files on the Jenkins controller file system, and obtain some information about Jenkins controller file systems.

SECURITY-2446 / CVE-2021-21687: FilePath#untar does not check permission to create symbolic links when unarchiving a symbolic link.

We expect that most of these vulnerabilities have been present since SECURITY-144 was addressed in the 2014-10-30 security advisory.

Jenkins 2.319, LTS 2.303.3 addresses these security vulnerabilities.

SECURITY-2446 / CVE-2021-21687: FilePath#untar checks permission to create symbolic links when unarchiving a symbolic link.

As some common operations are now newly subject to access control, it is expected that plugins sending commands from agents to the controller may start failing. Additionally, the newly introduced path canonicalization means that instances using a custom builds directory (Java system property jenkins.model.Jenkins.buildsDir) or partitioning JENKINS_HOME using symbolic links may fail access control checks. See the documentation for how to customize the configuration in case of problems.

If you are unable to immediately upgrade to Jenkins 2.319, LTS 2.303.3, you can install the Remoting Security Workaround Plugin. It will prevent all agent-to-controller file access using FilePath APIs. Because it is more restrictive than Jenkins 2.319, LTS 2.303.3, more plugins are incompatible with it. Make sure to read the plugin documentation before installing it.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.303.2"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.303.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.318"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.304"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.319"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-21687"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-23T06:48:59Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-11-04T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The agent-to-controller security subsystem limits which files on the Jenkins controller can be accessed by agent processes.\n\nMultiple vulnerabilities in the file path filtering implementation of Jenkins 2.318 and earlier, LTS 2.303.2 and earlier allow agent processes to read and write arbitrary files on the Jenkins controller file system, and obtain some information about Jenkins controller file systems.\n\nSECURITY-2446 / CVE-2021-21687: `FilePath#untar` does not check permission to create symbolic links when unarchiving a symbolic link.\n\nWe expect that most of these vulnerabilities have been present since [SECURITY-144 was addressed in the 2014-10-30 security advisory](https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2014-10-30/).\n\nJenkins 2.319, LTS 2.303.3 addresses these security vulnerabilities.\n\nSECURITY-2446 / CVE-2021-21687: `FilePath#untar` checks permission to create symbolic links when unarchiving a symbolic link.\n\nAs some common operations are now newly subject to access control, it is expected that plugins sending commands from agents to the controller may start failing. Additionally, the newly introduced path canonicalization means that instances using a custom builds directory ([Java system property jenkins.model.Jenkins.buildsDir](https://www.jenkins.io/doc/book/managing/system-properties/#jenkins-model-jenkins-buildsdir)) or partitioning `JENKINS_HOME` using symbolic links may fail access control checks. See [the documentation](https://www.jenkins.io/doc/book/security/controller-isolation/agent-to-controller/#file-access-rules) for how to customize the configuration in case of problems.\n\nIf you are unable to immediately upgrade to Jenkins 2.319, LTS 2.303.3, you can install the [Remoting Security Workaround Plugin](https://www.jenkins.io/redirect/remoting-security-workaround/). It will prevent all agent-to-controller file access using `FilePath` APIs. Because it is more restrictive than Jenkins 2.319, LTS 2.303.3, more plugins are incompatible with it. Make sure to read the plugin documentation before installing it.",
  "id": "GHSA-3q84-vrvx-rfvf",
  "modified": "2022-12-16T20:24:54Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:19:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21687"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2021-11-04/#SECURITY-2455"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Multiple vulnerabilities allow bypassing path filtering of agent-to-controller access control in Jenkins"
}

GHSA-3Q89-RJ9X-CM52

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-28 06:30 – Updated: 2024-01-05 00:30
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in Peplink Balance Two before 8.4.0. A missing authorization check in the administration web service allows read-only, unprivileged users to obtain sensitive information about the device configuration.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-49229"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-12-28T04:15:08Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Peplink Balance Two before 8.4.0. A missing authorization check in the administration web service allows read-only, unprivileged users to obtain sensitive information about the device configuration.",
  "id": "GHSA-3q89-rj9x-cm52",
  "modified": "2024-01-05T00:30:27Z",
  "published": "2023-12-28T06:30:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49229"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.synacktiv.com/publications%253Ffield_tags_target_id%253D4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.synacktiv.com/sites/default/files/2023-12/synacktiv-peplink-multiple-vulnerabilities.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3Q8H-8F45-42G6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-23 15:30 – Updated: 2025-03-18 12:30
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in realmag777 BEAR.This issue affects BEAR: from n/a through 1.1.4.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-24835"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-23T15:15:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in realmag777 BEAR.This issue affects BEAR: from n/a through 1.1.4.",
  "id": "GHSA-3q8h-8f45-42g6",
  "modified": "2025-03-18T12:30:47Z",
  "published": "2024-03-23T15:30:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-24835"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/woo-bulk-editor/wordpress-bear-plugin-1-1-4-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3Q9P-8QV6-VMJM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-07 06:30 – Updated: 2024-06-07 06:30
VLAI
Details

The Strong Testimonials plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to an improper capability check on the wpmtst_save_view_sticky function in all versions up to, and including, 3.1.12. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor access and above, to modify favorite views.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-6491"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-07T06:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Strong Testimonials plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to an improper capability check on the wpmtst_save_view_sticky function in all versions up to, and including, 3.1.12. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor access and above, to modify favorite views.",
  "id": "GHSA-3q9p-8qv6-vmjm",
  "modified": "2024-06-07T06:30:30Z",
  "published": "2024-06-07T06:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6491"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3097409/strong-testimonials/tags/3.1.13/admin/views.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/c3277d93-4f47-445b-a193-ff990b55d054?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3QCG-H4XG-5JRG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-06 06:31 – Updated: 2026-05-06 06:31
VLAI
Details

The All-in-One WP Migration Unlimited Extension plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in versions up to, and including, 2.83. This is due to the 'Ai1wmve_Schedules_Controller::save' handler for 'admin_post_ai1wm_schedule_event_save' not verifying user capabilities before saving schedule data. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to create scheduled export jobs and send backup notifications to attacker-controlled email addresses. Because such notifications include the random backup filename, full site backups can subsequently be downloaded from the target site, resulting in sensitive information exposure.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-5753"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-06T04:16:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The All-in-One WP Migration Unlimited Extension plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in versions up to, and including, 2.83. This is due to the \u0027Ai1wmve_Schedules_Controller::save\u0027 handler for \u0027admin_post_ai1wm_schedule_event_save\u0027 not verifying user capabilities before saving schedule data. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to create scheduled export jobs and send backup notifications to attacker-controlled email addresses. Because such notifications include the random backup filename, full site backups can subsequently be downloaded from the target site, resulting in sensitive information exposure.",
  "id": "GHSA-3qcg-h4xg-5jrg",
  "modified": "2026-05-06T06:31:47Z",
  "published": "2026-05-06T06:31:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-5753"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://help.servmask.com/knowledgebase/unlimited-extension-changelog"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/a8a31080-c124-49be-b9d1-7bc5abe7cbda?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3QCQ-P3M2-3C4P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-22 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-27 18:32
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Select-Themes Don Peppe donpeppe allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Don Peppe: from n/a through <= 1.3.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-22450"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-22T17:16:34Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Select-Themes Don Peppe donpeppe allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Don Peppe: from n/a through \u003c= 1.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-3qcq-p3m2-3c4p",
  "modified": "2026-01-27T18:32:12Z",
  "published": "2026-01-22T18:30:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-22450"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/donpeppe/vulnerability/wordpress-don-peppe-theme-1-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3QFJ-62G7-5W9P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-23 12:32 – Updated: 2026-07-23 12:32
VLAI
Details

Contributor Broken Access Control in Avada Custom Branding <= 1.2 versions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-65524"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-23T12:18:45Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Contributor Broken Access Control in Avada Custom Branding \u003c= 1.2 versions.",
  "id": "GHSA-3qfj-62g7-5w9p",
  "modified": "2026-07-23T12:32:29Z",
  "published": "2026-07-23T12:32:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-65524"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/fusion-white-label-branding/vulnerability/wordpress-avada-custom-branding-plugin-1-2-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3QFM-M53J-9VQ3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-29 06:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:34
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Extend Themes Pathway, Extend Themes Hugo WP, Extend Themes Althea WP, Extend Themes Elevate WP, Extend Themes Brite, Extend Themes Colibri WP, Extend Themes Vertice.This issue affects Pathway: from n/a through 1.0.15; Hugo WP: from n/a through 1.0.8; Althea WP: from n/a through 1.0.13; Elevate WP: from n/a through 1.0.15; Brite: from n/a through 1.0.11; Colibri WP: from n/a through 1.0.94; Vertice: from n/a through 1.0.7.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-33686"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-29T06:15:16Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Extend Themes Pathway, Extend Themes Hugo WP, Extend Themes Althea WP, Extend Themes Elevate WP, Extend Themes Brite, Extend Themes Colibri WP, Extend Themes Vertice.This issue affects Pathway: from n/a through 1.0.15; Hugo WP: from n/a through 1.0.8; Althea WP: from n/a through 1.0.13; Elevate WP: from n/a through 1.0.15; Brite: from n/a through 1.0.11; Colibri WP: from n/a through 1.0.94; Vertice: from n/a through 1.0.7.",
  "id": "GHSA-3qfm-m53j-9vq3",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:34:58Z",
  "published": "2024-04-29T06:30:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-33686"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/althea-wp/wordpress-althea-wp-theme-1-0-13-broken-access-control-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/brite/wordpress-brite-theme-1-0-11-broken-access-control-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/colibri-wp/wordpress-colibri-wp-theme-1-0-94-broken-access-control-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/elevate-wp/wordpress-elevate-wp-theme-1-0-15-broken-access-control-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/hugo-wp/wordpress-hugo-wp-theme-1-0-8-broken-access-control-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/pathway/wordpress-pathway-theme-1-0-15-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/vertice/wordpress-vertice-theme-1-0-7-broken-access-control-vulnerability"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3QG5-QHW5-VC9X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-13 18:32 – Updated: 2024-11-14 18:30
VLAI
Details

In mayAdminGrantPermission of AdminRestrictedPermissionsUtils.java, there is a possible way to access the microphone due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-40661"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-13T18:15:20Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In mayAdminGrantPermission of AdminRestrictedPermissionsUtils.java, there is a possible way to access the microphone due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
  "id": "GHSA-3qg5-qhw5-vc9x",
  "modified": "2024-11-14T18:30:34Z",
  "published": "2024-11-13T18:32:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40661"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Permission/+/ffd81f212b5594b498f0ba07645c7a181540e494"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2024-11-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3QHQ-Q769-R2PC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-10 09:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Alimir WP ULike. This issue affects WP ULike: from n/a through 4.7.9.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-32259"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-10T08:15:20Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Alimir WP ULike. This issue affects WP ULike: from n/a through 4.7.9.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-3qhq-q769-r2pc",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:39Z",
  "published": "2025-04-10T09:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32259"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/wp-ulike/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-ulike-plugin-4-7-9-1-content-spoofing-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.