Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

17494 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-WW9V-85PM-H7W3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-14 12:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in LCweb Global Gallery allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Global Gallery: from n/a through 9.2.3.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-52721"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-14T11:15:42Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in LCweb Global Gallery allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Global Gallery: from n/a through 9.2.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-ww9v-85pm-h7w3",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:48Z",
  "published": "2025-08-14T12:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52721"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/global-gallery/vulnerability/wordpress-global-gallery-plugin-9-2-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WWF6-X2RV-VXQH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-16 00:01 – Updated: 2022-12-01 22:23
VLAI
Summary
Missing permission checks in Jenkins Checkmarx Plugin allow capturing credentials
Details

Checkmarx Plugin 2022.1.2 and earlier does not perform permission checks in several HTTP endpoints.

This allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to connect to an attacker-specified webserver using attacker-specified credentials IDs obtained through another method, capturing credentials stored in Jenkins.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.checkmarx.jenkins:checkmarx"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2022.1.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-25201"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-01T22:23:35Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-02-15T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Checkmarx Plugin 2022.1.2 and earlier does not perform permission checks in several HTTP endpoints.\n\nThis allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to connect to an attacker-specified webserver using attacker-specified credentials IDs obtained through another method, capturing credentials stored in Jenkins.",
  "id": "GHSA-wwf6-x2rv-vxqh",
  "modified": "2022-12-01T22:23:35Z",
  "published": "2022-02-16T00:01:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-25201"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/checkmarx-plugin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/checkmarx-plugin/releases/tag/Release_2022.1.3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2022-02-15/#SECURITY-1017"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Missing permission checks in Jenkins Checkmarx Plugin allow capturing credentials"
}

GHSA-WWGX-G3XJ-467P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-13 12:35 – Updated: 2026-07-13 12:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in themebeez Fascinate fascinate allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Fascinate: from n/a through <= 1.1.5.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-57779"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-13T10:16:41Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in themebeez Fascinate fascinate allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Fascinate: from n/a through \u003c= 1.1.5.",
  "id": "GHSA-wwgx-g3xj-467p",
  "modified": "2026-07-13T12:35:04Z",
  "published": "2026-07-13T12:35:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-57779"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/fascinate/vulnerability/wordpress-fascinate-theme-1-1-5-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WWJF-GWRV-WH45

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-07 15:31 – Updated: 2024-11-07 18:26
VLAI
Summary
Moodle's IDOR in badges allows deletion of arbitrary badges
Details

A vulnerability was found in Moodle. Insufficient capability checks made it possible to delete badges that a user does not have permission to access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.1.12"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.2.0-beta"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.2.9"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.3.0-beta"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.3.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.4.0-beta"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.4.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-43431"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-639",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-11-07T18:26:56Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-07T14:15:15Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in Moodle. Insufficient capability checks made it possible to delete badges that a user does not have permission to access.",
  "id": "GHSA-wwjf-gwrv-wh45",
  "modified": "2024-11-07T18:26:57Z",
  "published": "2024-11-07T15:31:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43431"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2304259"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=461199"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Moodle\u0027s IDOR in badges allows deletion of arbitrary badges"
}

GHSA-WWM6-CF6H-7H22

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-28 09:30 – Updated: 2024-02-28 09:30
VLAI
Details

The WP eCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized arbitrary post creation due to a missing capability check on the check_for_saas_push() function in all versions up to, and including, 3.15.1. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to create arbitrary posts with arbitrary content.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-1516"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-28T09:15:43Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The WP eCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized arbitrary post creation due to a missing capability check on the check_for_saas_push() function in all versions up to, and including, 3.15.1. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to create arbitrary posts with arbitrary content.",
  "id": "GHSA-wwm6-cf6h-7h22",
  "modified": "2024-02-28T09:30:39Z",
  "published": "2024-02-28T09:30:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1516"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-e-commerce/trunk/wpsc-components/marketplace-core-v1/library/Sputnik.php#L191"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/b0a9f3d2-aa7f-4fc2-9cfd-b69ec3f63160?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WWPJ-227G-G62P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-01 15:32 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:32
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Fahad Mahmood WP Datepicker allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects WP Datepicker: from n/a through 2.1.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-47321"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-01T15:15:54Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Fahad Mahmood WP Datepicker allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects WP Datepicker: from n/a through 2.1.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-wwpj-227g-g62p",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:32:17Z",
  "published": "2024-11-01T15:32:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-47321"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-datepicker/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-datepicker-plugin-2-1-1-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wp-datepicker/wordpress-wp-datepicker-plugin-2-1-1-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WWQP-5C8M-77F3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-01 15:31 – Updated: 2024-11-01 15:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Jordy Meow Photo Engine allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Photo Engine: from n/a through 6.4.0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-43332"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-01T15:15:47Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Jordy Meow Photo Engine allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Photo Engine: from n/a through 6.4.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-wwqp-5c8m-77f3",
  "modified": "2024-11-01T15:31:59Z",
  "published": "2024-11-01T15:31:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43332"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wplr-sync/wordpress-photo-engine-plugin-6-4-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WWR4-79JV-297R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:58 – Updated: 2022-12-06 21:48
VLAI
Summary
Missing permission checks in Google Kubernetes Engine Jenkins Plugin
Details

A missing permission check in Jenkins Google Kubernetes Engine Plugin Prior to version 0.7.1 allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to obtain limited information about the scope of a credential with an attacker-specified credentials ID. This issue is patched in version 0.7.1

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:google-kubernetes-engine"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.7.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-10445"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-06T21:48:30Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-10-16T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A missing permission check in Jenkins Google Kubernetes Engine Plugin Prior to version 0.7.1 allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to obtain limited information about the scope of a credential with an attacker-specified credentials ID. This issue is patched in version 0.7.1",
  "id": "GHSA-wwr4-79jv-297r",
  "modified": "2022-12-06T21:48:30Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:58:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10445"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/google-kubernetes-engine-plugin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2019-10-16/#SECURITY-1607"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/10/16/6"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Missing permission checks in Google Kubernetes Engine Jenkins Plugin"
}

GHSA-WWWC-F646-VJ2J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-06 21:31 – Updated: 2026-05-11 16:12
Withdrawn 2026-05-11 VLAI
Summary
Duplicate Advisory: OpenClaw: Browser press/type interaction routes missed complete navigation guard coverage
Details

Duplicate Advisory

This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-536q-mj95-h29h. This link is maintained to preserve external references.

Original Description

OpenClaw before 2026.4.10 contains an incomplete navigation guard vulnerability that allows attackers to trigger navigation without complete SSRF policy enforcement. Browser press/type style interactions, including pressKey and type submit flows, can bypass post-action security checks to execute unauthorized navigation.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.4.10"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-11T16:12:36Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-06T20:16:33Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-536q-mj95-h29h. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n### Original Description\nOpenClaw before 2026.4.10 contains an incomplete navigation guard vulnerability that allows attackers to trigger navigation without complete SSRF policy enforcement. Browser press/type style interactions, including pressKey and type submit flows, can bypass post-action security checks to execute unauthorized navigation.",
  "id": "GHSA-wwwc-f646-vj2j",
  "modified": "2026-05-11T16:12:36Z",
  "published": "2026-05-06T21:31:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-536q-mj95-h29h"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-43580"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/049acf23cb03e1b92f5c71cd99c6ec5f35cc56fe"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/5f5b3d733bdd791cb457f838514179e1288b10b3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/e0b8ddc1a55185aff1cf9e0e095014d2e4f1d894"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-incomplete-navigation-guard-coverage-in-browser-interactions"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Duplicate Advisory: OpenClaw: Browser press/type interaction routes missed complete navigation guard coverage",
  "withdrawn": "2026-05-11T16:12:36Z"
}

GHSA-WWWC-Q9CH-83C7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-05 09:31 – Updated: 2026-04-08 21:32
VLAI
Details

The Form Vibes – Database Manager for Forms plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data and modification of data due to a missing capability check on the fv_export_csv, reset_settings, save_settings, save_columns_settings, get_analytics_data, get_event_logs_data, delete_submissions, and get_submissions functions in all versions up to, and including, 1.4.12. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to perform multiple unauthorized actions. NOTE: This vulnerability is partially fixed in version 1.4.12.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-5309"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-09-05T09:15:04Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Form Vibes \u2013 Database Manager for Forms plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data and modification of data due to a missing capability check on the fv_export_csv, reset_settings, save_settings, save_columns_settings, get_analytics_data, get_event_logs_data, delete_submissions, and get_submissions functions in all versions up to, and including, 1.4.12. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to perform multiple unauthorized actions. NOTE: This vulnerability is partially fixed in version 1.4.12.",
  "id": "GHSA-wwwc-q9ch-83c7",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T21:32:53Z",
  "published": "2024-09-05T09:31:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-5309"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3146787"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3128705%40form-vibes\u0026new=3128705%40form-vibes\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/aba88c4c-93a4-4c1c-b239-68b5fec87146?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.