Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14698 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-MXRX-FRP4-4F7M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-04 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:23
VLAI
Details

In vowifiservice, there is a possible missing permission check.This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-38439"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-09-04T02:15:08Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In vowifiservice, there is a possible missing permission check.This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges",
  "id": "GHSA-mxrx-frp4-4f7m",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T07:23:18Z",
  "published": "2023-09-04T03:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38439"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1698296481653522434"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MXV8-M55G-XF4P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-27 09:30 – Updated: 2026-06-27 09:30
VLAI
Details

The Frisbii Pay plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to missing capability checks on the 'upload_csv' and 'process_batch' functions in all versions up to, and including, 1.8.9. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to upload arbitrary CSV data and overwrite WooCommerce payment tokens, postmeta, and order meta records.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-3462"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-27T08:16:44Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Frisbii Pay plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to missing capability checks on the \u0027upload_csv\u0027 and \u0027process_batch\u0027 functions in all versions up to, and including, 1.8.9. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to upload arbitrary CSV data and overwrite WooCommerce payment tokens, postmeta, and order meta records.",
  "id": "GHSA-mxv8-m55g-xf4p",
  "modified": "2026-06-27T09:30:37Z",
  "published": "2026-06-27T09:30:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-3462"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/reepay-checkout-gateway/trunk/includes/Admin/MigrationMobilepayToVipps.php#L129"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/reepay-checkout-gateway/trunk/includes/Admin/MigrationMobilepayToVipps.php#L170"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/reepay-checkout-gateway/trunk/includes/Admin/MigrationMobilepayToVipps.php#L42"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3485246"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/cf1ca22a-7fb6-457c-bde0-83f6744185be?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MXXH-FMJQ-J6X4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-17 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-28 23:02
VLAI
Summary
Mattermost doesn't validate whether users were correctly owned by the correct Connected Workspace
Details

Mattermost versions 10.11.x <= 10.11.12 fail to validate whether users were correctly owned by the correct Connected Workspace which allows a malicious remote server connected using the Conntexted Workspaces feature to change the displayed status of local users via the Connected Workspaces API. Mattermost Advisory ID: MMSA-2026-00603.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/mattermost/mattermost-server"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "8.0.0-20250721062209-4952acea88ce"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.0.0-20260316060126-bc1a2b34b1f9"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-27769"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-28T23:02:16Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-15T11:16:33Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Mattermost versions 10.11.x \u003c= 10.11.12 fail to validate whether users were correctly owned by the correct Connected Workspace which allows a malicious remote server connected using the Conntexted Workspaces feature to change the displayed status of local users via the Connected Workspaces API. Mattermost Advisory ID: MMSA-2026-00603.",
  "id": "GHSA-mxxh-fmjq-j6x4",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T23:02:16Z",
  "published": "2026-04-17T15:31:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27769"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mattermost.com/security-updates"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Mattermost doesn\u0027t validate whether users were correctly owned by the correct Connected Workspace"
}

GHSA-P22X-7843-884Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-03 15:32 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:33
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Amento Tech Pvt ltd WPGuppy allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects WPGuppy: from n/a through 1.1.0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-24643"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-03T15:15:28Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Amento Tech Pvt ltd WPGuppy allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects WPGuppy: from n/a through 1.1.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-p22x-7843-884q",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:33:32Z",
  "published": "2025-02-03T15:32:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24643"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/wpguppy-lite/vulnerability/wordpress-wpguppy-plugin-1-1-0-broken-authentication-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P23J-W6JC-GG7V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-06 00:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:32
VLAI
Details

The WOLF – WordPress Posts Bulk Editor and Manager Professional plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access, modification or loss of data due to a missing capability check on the wpbe_create_new_term, wpbe_update_tax_term, and wpbe_delete_tax_term functions in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.8.1. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber access or higher, to create, delete or modify taxonomy terms.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-0791"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-05T22:16:05Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The WOLF \u2013 WordPress Posts Bulk Editor and Manager Professional plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access, modification or loss of data due to a missing capability check on the wpbe_create_new_term, wpbe_update_tax_term, and wpbe_delete_tax_term functions in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.8.1. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber access or higher, to create, delete or modify taxonomy terms.",
  "id": "GHSA-p23j-w6jc-gg7v",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T18:32:33Z",
  "published": "2024-02-06T00:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0791"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/bulk-editor/trunk/index.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026new=3028699%40bulk-editor%2Ftrunk\u0026old=3012874%40bulk-editor%2Ftrunk\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026new=3028699@bulk-editor/trunk\u0026old=3012874@bulk-editor/trunk\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/13c66a8f-b35f-4943-8880-0799b0d150f7?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P23Q-35X3-74M3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:46 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:46
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in the debug plug-in functionality of the Cisco Unified Computing System (UCS) Manager, Cisco Firepower 4100 Series Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW), and Cisco Firepower 9300 Security Appliance could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary commands, aka Privilege Escalation. More Information: CSCvb86725 CSCvb86797. Known Affected Releases: 2.0(1.68) 3.1(1k)A. Known Fixed Releases: 92.2(1.105) 92.1(1.1733) 2.1(1.69).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-6598"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-04-07T17:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the debug plug-in functionality of the Cisco Unified Computing System (UCS) Manager, Cisco Firepower 4100 Series Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW), and Cisco Firepower 9300 Security Appliance could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary commands, aka Privilege Escalation. More Information: CSCvb86725 CSCvb86797. Known Affected Releases: 2.0(1.68) 3.1(1k)A. Known Fixed Releases: 92.2(1.105) 92.1(1.1733) 2.1(1.69).",
  "id": "GHSA-p23q-35x3-74m3",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:46:40Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:46:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-6598"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20170405-ucs"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97429"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1038198"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P246-9QPC-9R7V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:03 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:03
VLAI
Details

The scriptfu network server in GIMP 2.6 does not require authentication, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via the python-fu-eval command.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2012-4245"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2012-08-31T18:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The scriptfu network server in GIMP 2.6 does not require authentication, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via the python-fu-eval command.",
  "id": "GHSA-p246-9qpc-9r7v",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:03:52Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:03:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-4245"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201603-01"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2012-08/0106.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2012/08/16/6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2012/08/17/2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2012/08/20/1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.reactionpenetrationtesting.co.uk/GIMP-scriptfu-python-command-execution.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/55089"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.xerox.com/download/security/security-bulletin/16287-4d6b7b0c81f7b/cert_XRX13-003_v1.0.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-P249-R59G-9MXG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-30 09:30 – Updated: 2025-10-30 09:30
VLAI
Details

The AppPresser – Mobile App Framework plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check on the 'myappp_verify' function in all versions up to, and including, 4.5.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to extract sensitive data including plugin and theme names and version numbers, which can be used to facilitate targeted attacks against outdated or vulnerable components.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-11881"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-30T07:15:32Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The AppPresser \u2013 Mobile App Framework plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check on the \u0027myappp_verify\u0027 function in all versions up to, and including, 4.5.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to extract sensitive data including plugin and theme names and version numbers, which can be used to facilitate targeted attacks against outdated or vulnerable components.",
  "id": "GHSA-p249-r59g-9mxg",
  "modified": "2025-10-30T09:30:27Z",
  "published": "2025-10-30T09:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11881"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/apppresser/tags/4.5.0/inc/AppPresser_WPAPI_Mods.php#L162"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/apppresser/tags/4.5.0/inc/AppPresser_WPAPI_Mods.php#L879"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3385855"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/62c3f54c-6bfb-4f11-9457-a09d28f83175?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P258-XMH3-72PV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:41 – Updated: 2025-04-13 23:18
VLAI
Summary
OpenStack Compute (Nova) allows remote authenticated users to gain privileges via API requests
Details

The Nova EC2 API security group implementation in OpenStack Compute (Nova) 2013.1 before 2013.2.4 and icehouse before icehouse-rc2 does not enforce RBAC policies for (1) add_rules, (2) remove_rules, (3) destroy, and other unspecified methods in compute/api.py when using non-default policies, which allows remote authenticated users to gain privileges via these API requests.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "nova"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2013.1.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2013.2.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-0167"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-02-08T18:04:25Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-04-15T14:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Nova EC2 API security group implementation in OpenStack Compute (Nova) 2013.1 before 2013.2.4 and icehouse before icehouse-rc2 does not enforce RBAC policies for (1) add_rules, (2) remove_rules, (3) destroy, and other unspecified methods in compute/api.py when using non-default policies, which allows remote authenticated users to gain privileges via these API requests.",
  "id": "GHSA-p258-xmh3-72pv",
  "modified": "2025-04-13T23:18:20Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T04:41:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-0167"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2014:1084"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2014-0167"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1084868"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://launchpad.net/bugs/1290537"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://opendev.org/openstack/nova"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2014/04/09/26"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2247-1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenStack Compute (Nova) allows remote authenticated users to gain privileges via API requests"
}

GHSA-P25W-RW57-M43H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-09 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in nCrafts FormCraft allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects FormCraft: from n/a through 1.2.7.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-47823"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-09T13:15:31Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in nCrafts FormCraft allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects FormCraft: from n/a through 1.2.7.",
  "id": "GHSA-p25w-rw57-m43h",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:21Z",
  "published": "2024-12-09T15:31:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-47823"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/formcraft-form-builder/vulnerability/wordpress-formcraft-contact-form-builder-for-wordpress-plugin-1-2-7-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.