CWE-862
Allowed-with-ReviewMissing Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.
14901 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-C7WP-3QH5-55PV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-08 19:51 – Updated: 2026-05-15 23:53Missing Access Check on Channel Members Endpoint for Standard Channels
Affected Component
Channel members listing endpoint:
- backend/open_webui/routers/channels.py (lines 445-507, get_channel_members_by_id)
Affected Versions
Current main branch and likely all versions with the channels feature.
Description
The GET /api/v1/channels/{id}/members endpoint only checks membership for group and dm channel types (lines 467-469). For standard channels — including private ones — there is no channel_has_access check before returning the member list. Any authenticated user who knows a private channel's UUID can enumerate all users with access to that channel.
# Line 467-469: only group/dm channels are checked
if channel.type in ['group', 'dm']:
if not Channels.is_user_channel_member(channel.id, user.id, db=db):
raise HTTPException(...)
# Standard channels fall through with NO access check
Compare with other channel endpoints (e.g., get_channel_messages at line 688) which correctly call channel_has_access(user.id, channel, permission='read') for standard channels.
CVSS 3.1 Breakdown
| Metric | Value | Rationale |
|---|---|---|
| Attack Vector | Network (N) | Exploited remotely via API call |
| Attack Complexity | Low (L) | Single API call, no special conditions |
| Privileges Required | Low (L) | Requires a valid user account |
| User Interaction | None (N) | No victim interaction required |
| Scope | Unchanged (U) | Impact is within the channel authorization boundary |
| Confidentiality | Low (L) | Leaks user identities and details for a private channel |
| Integrity | None (N) | No data modification |
| Availability | None (N) | No denial of service |
Attack Scenario
- Attacker obtains a private standard channel's UUID (via logs, browser history, URL observation, or other API responses).
- Attacker calls
GET /api/v1/channels/{id}/members. - The server returns the full list of permitted users including their IDs, names, emails, roles, and profile images.
- The attacker has no access to the channel's messages (those endpoints check access correctly), but now knows exactly who does.
Impact
- Leaks the identity and personal details of every user with access to a private channel
- Reveals organizational structure and project assignments
- Enables targeted social engineering against channel members
Preconditions
- Channels feature must be enabled (disabled by default)
- Attacker must know the channel UUID (not guessable, but obtainable through indirect means)
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.8.12"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "open-webui"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.9.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-44559"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-08T19:51:48Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-15T20:16:47Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "# Missing Access Check on Channel Members Endpoint for Standard Channels\n\n## Affected Component\n\nChannel members listing endpoint:\n- `backend/open_webui/routers/channels.py` (lines 445-507, `get_channel_members_by_id`)\n\n## Affected Versions\n\nCurrent main branch and likely all versions with the channels feature.\n\n## Description\n\nThe `GET /api/v1/channels/{id}/members` endpoint only checks membership for `group` and `dm` channel types (lines 467-469). For standard channels \u2014 including private ones \u2014 there is no `channel_has_access` check before returning the member list. Any authenticated user who knows a private channel\u0027s UUID can enumerate all users with access to that channel.\n\n```python\n# Line 467-469: only group/dm channels are checked\nif channel.type in [\u0027group\u0027, \u0027dm\u0027]:\n if not Channels.is_user_channel_member(channel.id, user.id, db=db):\n raise HTTPException(...)\n# Standard channels fall through with NO access check\n```\n\nCompare with other channel endpoints (e.g., `get_channel_messages` at line 688) which correctly call `channel_has_access(user.id, channel, permission=\u0027read\u0027)` for standard channels.\n\n## CVSS 3.1 Breakdown\n\n| Metric | Value | Rationale |\n|--------|-------|-----------|\n| Attack Vector | Network (N) | Exploited remotely via API call |\n| Attack Complexity | Low (L) | Single API call, no special conditions |\n| Privileges Required | Low (L) | Requires a valid user account |\n| User Interaction | None (N) | No victim interaction required |\n| Scope | Unchanged (U) | Impact is within the channel authorization boundary |\n| Confidentiality | Low (L) | Leaks user identities and details for a private channel |\n| Integrity | None (N) | No data modification |\n| Availability | None (N) | No denial of service |\n\n## Attack Scenario\n\n1. Attacker obtains a private standard channel\u0027s UUID (via logs, browser history, URL observation, or other API responses).\n2. Attacker calls `GET /api/v1/channels/{id}/members`.\n3. The server returns the full list of permitted users including their IDs, names, emails, roles, and profile images.\n4. The attacker has no access to the channel\u0027s messages (those endpoints check access correctly), but now knows exactly who does.\n\n## Impact\n\n- Leaks the identity and personal details of every user with access to a private channel\n- Reveals organizational structure and project assignments\n- Enables targeted social engineering against channel members\n\n## Preconditions\n\n- Channels feature must be enabled (disabled by default)\n- Attacker must know the channel UUID (not guessable, but obtainable through indirect means)",
"id": "GHSA-c7wp-3qh5-55pv",
"modified": "2026-05-15T23:53:04Z",
"published": "2026-05-08T19:51:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/security/advisories/GHSA-c7wp-3qh5-55pv"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44559"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Open WebUI Missing Access Check on Channel Members Endpoint for Standard Channels"
}
GHSA-C7XQ-233C-6W92
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-12 03:30 – Updated: 2024-11-12 03:30Due to missing authorization check in SAP NetWeaver AS Java (System Landscape Directory) an unauthorized user can read and modify some restricted global SLD configurations causing low impact on confidentiality and integrity of the application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-42372"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-12T01:15:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Due to missing authorization check in SAP NetWeaver AS Java (System Landscape Directory) an unauthorized user can read and modify some restricted global SLD configurations causing low impact on confidentiality and integrity of the application.",
"id": "GHSA-c7xq-233c-6w92",
"modified": "2024-11-12T03:30:47Z",
"published": "2024-11-12T03:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-42372"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3335394"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C7XV-H5WG-6FQ8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-21 19:01 – Updated: 2022-10-22 12:00Aethon TUG Home Base Server versions prior to version 24 are affected by un unauthenticated attacker who can freely access hashed user credentials.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-26423"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-200",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-21T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Aethon TUG Home Base Server versions prior to version 24 are affected by un unauthenticated attacker who can freely access hashed user credentials.",
"id": "GHSA-c7xv-h5wg-6fq8",
"modified": "2022-10-22T12:00:25Z",
"published": "2022-10-21T19:01:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26423"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-22-102-05"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C82G-962C-CX6H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-07 03:30 – Updated: 2023-12-07 03:30The System Dashboard plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check on the sd_constants() function hooked via an AJAX action in all versions up to, and including, 2.8.7. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to retrieve sensitive information such as database credentials.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-5710"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-07T02:15:06Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The System Dashboard plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check on the sd_constants() function hooked via an AJAX action in all versions up to, and including, 2.8.7. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to retrieve sensitive information such as database credentials.",
"id": "GHSA-c82g-962c-cx6h",
"modified": "2023-12-07T03:30:32Z",
"published": "2023-12-07T03:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-5710"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/system-dashboard/tags/2.8.7/admin/class-system-dashboard-admin.php#L7930"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/system-dashboard/tags/2.8.8/admin/class-system-dashboard-admin.php#L7951"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/f170379e-e833-42e0-96fd-1e1722a8331c?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C837-XXWH-86C9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 21:15 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:32The WP GDPR plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authorization bypass due to a missing capability check in versions up to, and including, 2.1.1. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete any comment and modify the plugin’s settings.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-36697"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-07T02:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The WP GDPR plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authorization bypass due to a missing capability check in versions up to, and including, 2.1.1. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete any comment and modify the plugin\u2019s settings.",
"id": "GHSA-c837-xxwh-86c9",
"modified": "2026-04-08T18:32:07Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T21:15:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-36697"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.nintechnet.com/unauthenticated-stored-xss-and-content-spoofing-vulnerabilities-in-wordpress-wp-gdpr-plugin-unpatched"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.acunetix.com/vulnerabilities/web/wordpress-plugin-wp-gdpr-multiple-vulnerabilities-2-1-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/032e775a-97be-4d93-bac3-094e35be4b11?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C83X-948P-83GH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-22 06:30 – Updated: 2026-04-22 06:30The a+HRD developed by aEnrich has a Missing Authorization vulnerability, allowing authenticated remote attackers to arbitrarily read database contents through a specific API method.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-6834"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-22T04:16:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The a+HRD developed by aEnrich has a Missing Authorization vulnerability, allowing authenticated remote attackers to arbitrarily read database contents through a specific API method.",
"id": "GHSA-c83x-948p-83gh",
"modified": "2026-04-22T06:30:29Z",
"published": "2026-04-22T06:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6834"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10834-eb3ee-2.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10833-e3a53-1.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-C859-GH8G-FHP8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-30 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:33The Safe Ai Malware Protection for WP plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check on the export_db() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.17. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to retrieve a complete dump of the site's database.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-12269"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-30T14:15:31Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Safe Ai Malware Protection for WP plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check on the export_db() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.17. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to retrieve a complete dump of the site\u0027s database.",
"id": "GHSA-c859-gh8g-fhp8",
"modified": "2026-04-08T18:33:47Z",
"published": "2025-01-30T15:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-12269"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/safe-ai-malware-protection-for-wp/trunk/includes/class-mvsp-export-db.php#L7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3232957%40safe-ai-malware-protection-for-wp\u0026new=3232957%40safe-ai-malware-protection-for-wp\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/5247bf43-ae02-47cb-825e-23821b78eba9?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C869-JX4C-Q5FC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-10 00:28 – Updated: 2026-02-10 02:56Summary
An authorization bypass vulnerability in the FUXA allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to create and modify arbitrary schedulers, exposing connected ICS/SCADA environments to follow-on actions. This vulnerability affects FUXA version 1.2.8 through version 1.2.10. This has been patched in FUXA version 1.2.11.
Impact
This affects all deployments, including those with runtime.settings.secureEnabled set to true.
Exploitation allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to automatically authenticate as guest and create, modify or delete schedules. These schedules can be configured to trigger immediately or cyclically, forcing connected devices to specific states or values, or executing existing scripts on the server.
Patches
This issue has been patched in FUXA version 1.2.11. Users are strongly encouraged to update to the latest available release.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "fuxa-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.2.8"
},
{
"fixed": "1.2.11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-25939"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-10T00:28:28Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-09T23:16:06Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Summary\nAn authorization bypass vulnerability in the FUXA allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to create and modify arbitrary schedulers, exposing connected ICS/SCADA environments to follow-on actions. This vulnerability affects FUXA version 1.2.8 through version 1.2.10. This has been patched in FUXA version 1.2.11.\n\n### Impact\nThis affects all deployments, including those with\u00a0`runtime.settings.secureEnabled`\u00a0set to\u00a0`true`.\n\nExploitation allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to automatically authenticate as guest and create, modify or delete schedules. These schedules can be configured to trigger immediately or cyclically, forcing connected devices to specific states or values, or executing existing scripts on the server.\n\n### Patches\n\nThis issue has been patched in FUXA version 1.2.11. Users are strongly encouraged to update to the latest available release.",
"id": "GHSA-c869-jx4c-q5fc",
"modified": "2026-02-10T02:56:59Z",
"published": "2026-02-10T00:28:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/security/advisories/GHSA-c869-jx4c-q5fc"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25939"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/pull/2174"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/commit/5782b35117a9bd14ffcb881f8dfb8c6680157d9b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/commit/aced6ad0b6089eea4e5cef51c0a88bf4f308d45f"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/releases/tag/v1.2.11"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "FUXA Unauthenticated Remote Arbitrary Scheduler Write"
}
GHSA-C86F-9GRV-PMQF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-06 00:00 – Updated: 2024-11-21 21:06Apache IoTDB grafana-connector version 0.13.0 contains an interface without authorization, which may expose the internal structure of a database. Users should upgrade to version 0.13.1, which addresses this issue.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.iotdb:iotdb-grafana-connector"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-38370"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-09-15T03:31:34Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-05T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Apache IoTDB grafana-connector version 0.13.0 contains an interface without authorization, which may expose the internal structure of a database. Users should upgrade to version 0.13.1, which addresses this issue.",
"id": "GHSA-c86f-9grv-pmqf",
"modified": "2024-11-21T21:06:05Z",
"published": "2022-09-06T00:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-38370"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/iotdb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/apache-iotdb/PYSEC-2022-43070.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/kcpqgstvgf8sxy9ktxm1836nlwc8xy3j"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/09/05/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Apache IoTDB grafana-connector contains an interface without authorization"
}
GHSA-C876-W45Q-72X4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-09 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:32Missing Authorization vulnerability in BAKKBONE Australia FloristPress.This issue affects FloristPress: from n/a through 7.3.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-53798"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-09T13:15:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in BAKKBONE Australia FloristPress.This issue affects FloristPress: from n/a through 7.3.0.",
"id": "GHSA-c876-w45q-72x4",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:32:42Z",
"published": "2024-12-09T15:31:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-53798"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/bakkbone-florist-companion/vulnerability/wordpress-floristpress-plugin-7-3-0-nonce-leakage-to-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.