CWE-798
Allowed-with-ReviewUse of Hard-coded Credentials
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
2173 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-WX4W-RCPP-P5WM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-15 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-23 00:00A vulnerability has been identified in Spectrum Power 4 (All versions using Shared HIS), Spectrum Power 7 (All versions using Shared HIS), Spectrum Power MGMS (All versions using Shared HIS). An unauthenticated attacker could log into the component Shared HIS used in Spectrum Power systems by using an account with default credentials. A successful exploitation could allow the attacker to access the component Shared HIS with administrative privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-26476"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-14T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in Spectrum Power 4 (All versions using Shared HIS), Spectrum Power 7 (All versions using Shared HIS), Spectrum Power MGMS (All versions using Shared HIS). An unauthenticated attacker could log into the component Shared HIS used in Spectrum Power systems by using an account with default credentials. A successful exploitation could allow the attacker to access the component Shared HIS with administrative privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-wx4w-rcpp-p5wm",
"modified": "2022-06-23T00:00:22Z",
"published": "2022-06-15T00:00:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26476"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-388239.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X23Q-Q7F7-Q46Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:33 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:33Studyplus App for Android v6.3.7 and earlier and Studyplus App for iOS v8.29.0 and earlier use a hard-coded API key for an external service. By exploiting this vulnerability, API key for an external service may be obtained by analyzing data in the app.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-5667"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-06T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Studyplus App for Android v6.3.7 and earlier and Studyplus App for iOS v8.29.0 and earlier use a hard-coded API key for an external service. By exploiting this vulnerability, API key for an external service may be obtained by analyzing data in the app.",
"id": "GHSA-x23q-q7f7-q46q",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:33:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:33:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5667"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN00414047/index.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X249-WWHP-9FC5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-30 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-30 00:00Zyxel CloudCNM SecuManager 3.1.0 and 3.1.1 has a hardcoded certificate for Ejabberd in ejabberd.pem.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-15326"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-29T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Zyxel CloudCNM SecuManager 3.1.0 and 3.1.1 has a hardcoded certificate for Ejabberd in ejabberd.pem.",
"id": "GHSA-x249-wwhp-9fc5",
"modified": "2022-09-30T00:00:33Z",
"published": "2022-09-30T00:00:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15326"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2020-03-09-zyxel-secumanager-0day-vulnerabilities.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zyxel.com/support/vulnerabilities-of-CloudCNM-SecuManager.shtml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X2V3-2W43-QRX6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-10 00:00 – Updated: 2022-02-17 00:01A vulnerability has been identified in SICAM TOOLBOX II (All versions). Affected applications use a circumventable access control within a database service. This could allow an attacker to access the database.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-45106"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-09T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SICAM TOOLBOX II (All versions). Affected applications use a circumventable access control within a database service. This could allow an attacker to access the database.",
"id": "GHSA-x2v3-2w43-qrx6",
"modified": "2022-02-17T00:01:22Z",
"published": "2022-02-10T00:00:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45106"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-669737.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X32F-4VMQ-GFGV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:31 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:31IBM BigFix Remote Control before 9.1.3 allows local users to discover hardcoded credentials via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-2948"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-11-30T11:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "IBM BigFix Remote Control before 9.1.3 allows local users to discover hardcoded credentials via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-x32f-4vmq-gfgv",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:31:04Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:31:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-2948"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg1IV89781"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21991889"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94619"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X34H-6CF7-QMW4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-18 19:00 – Updated: 2022-10-20 19:00The web app client of TP-Link AX10v1 V1_211117 uses hard-coded cryptographic keys when communicating with the router. Attackers who are able to intercept the communications between the web client and router through a man-in-the-middle attack can then obtain the sequence key via a brute-force attack, and access sensitive information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-41540"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-18T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The web app client of TP-Link AX10v1 V1_211117 uses hard-coded cryptographic keys when communicating with the router. Attackers who are able to intercept the communications between the web client and router through a man-in-the-middle attack can then obtain the sequence key via a brute-force attack, and access sensitive information.",
"id": "GHSA-x34h-6cf7-qmw4",
"modified": "2022-10-20T19:00:30Z",
"published": "2022-10-18T19:00:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41540"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/efchatz/easy-exploits/tree/main/Web/TP-Link/Offline-decryption"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax10/v1/#Firmware"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X36R-GFXQ-7C9X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-02 00:01 – Updated: 2022-09-10 00:00Novel-Plus v3.6.2 was discovered to contain a hard-coded JWT key located in the project config file. This vulnerability allows attackers to create a custom user session.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-36672"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-01T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Novel-Plus v3.6.2 was discovered to contain a hard-coded JWT key located in the project config file. This vulnerability allows attackers to create a custom user session.",
"id": "GHSA-x36r-gfxq-7c9x",
"modified": "2022-09-10T00:00:31Z",
"published": "2022-09-02T00:01:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36672"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mesec.cn/archives/296"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X3FM-5WPJ-PQ35
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:15 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:15/usr/lib/lua/luci/websys.lua on TP-LINK IPC TL-IPC223(P)-6, TL-IPC323K-D, TL-IPC325(KP)-*, and TL-IPC40A-4 devices has a hardcoded zMiVw8Kw0oxKXL0 password.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-11482"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-05-30T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "/usr/lib/lua/luci/websys.lua on TP-LINK IPC TL-IPC223(P)-6, TL-IPC323K-D, TL-IPC325(KP)-*, and TL-IPC40A-4 devices has a hardcoded zMiVw8Kw0oxKXL0 password.",
"id": "GHSA-x3fm-5wpj-pq35",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:15:00Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:15:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11482"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/yough3rt/IOT-pwn-for-fun/blob/master/TP-LINK-login-Escalation-of-Privileges"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/bulletins/SB18-155"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X3PW-W85X-HJ8P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:36 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:36Datto ALTO and SIRIS devices have a default VNC password.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-9254"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-02-20T06:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Datto ALTO and SIRIS devices have a default VNC password.",
"id": "GHSA-x3pw-w85x-hj8p",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:36:44Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:36:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-9254"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.information-paradox.net/2015/02/cve-2015-2081-multiple-vulnerabilities.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X43Q-HQF9-9W3X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:51 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:51Siklu EtherHaul radios before 3.7.1 and 6.x before 6.9.0 have a built-in, hidden root account, with an unchangeable password that is the same across all devices. This account is accessible via both SSH and the device's web interface and grants access to the underlying embedded Linux OS on the device, allowing full control over it.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-10308"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-03-30T07:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Siklu EtherHaul radios before 3.7.1 and 6.x before 6.9.0 have a built-in, hidden root account, with an unchangeable password that is the same across all devices. This account is accessible via both SSH and the device\u0027s web interface and grants access to the underlying embedded Linux OS on the device, allowing full control over it.",
"id": "GHSA-x43q-hqf9-9w3x",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:51:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:51:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-10308"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://blog.iancaling.com/post/145309944453"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97243"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
- In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
Mitigation
If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
Mitigation
- For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
- Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
- For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
- The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
- Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
- Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable
An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.
CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords
An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.