Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-798

Allowed-with-Review

Use of Hard-coded Credentials

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.

2185 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-GPVF-RGJW-WR7J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-19 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-24 00:00
VLAI
Details

This vulnerability affects all of the company's products that also include the FW versions: update_i90_cv2.021_b20210104, update_i50_v1.0.55_b20200509, update_x6_v2.1.2_b202001127, update_b5_v2.0.9_b20200706. This vulnerability makes it possible to extract from the FW the existing user passwords on their operating systems and passwords.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-30627"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-07-18T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "This vulnerability affects all of the company\u0027s products that also include the FW versions: update_i90_cv2.021_b20210104, update_i50_v1.0.55_b20200509, update_x6_v2.1.2_b202001127, update_b5_v2.0.9_b20200706. This vulnerability makes it possible to extract from the FW the existing user passwords on their operating systems and passwords.",
  "id": "GHSA-gpvf-rgjw-wr7j",
  "modified": "2022-07-24T00:00:36Z",
  "published": "2022-07-19T00:00:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30627"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.gov.il/en/Departments/faq/cve_advisories"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GQ23-98CM-XPR9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-20 21:31 – Updated: 2026-01-21 18:30
VLAI
Details

Open 5GS WebUI uses a hard-coded JWT signing key (change-me) whenever the environment variable JWT_SECRET_KEY is unset

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-0622"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-20T20:16:01Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Open 5GS WebUI uses a hard-coded JWT signing key (change-me) whenever the environment variable JWT_SECRET_KEY is unset",
  "id": "GHSA-gq23-98cm-xpr9",
  "modified": "2026-01-21T18:30:28Z",
  "published": "2026-01-20T21:31:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0622"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/open5gs/open5gs/issues/2264"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/open5gs/open5gs/issues/856"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/open5gs/open5gs/pull/857"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/458022"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GQ54-VPCP-2M6J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:08 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:08
VLAI
Details

Akkadian Provisioning Manager Engine (PME) ships with a hard-coded credential, akkadianuser:haakkadianpassword. This issue was resolved in Akkadian OVA appliance version 3.0 (and later), Akkadian Provisioning Manager 5.0.2 (and later), and Akkadian Appliance Manager 3.3.0.314-4a349e0 (and later).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-31579"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-07-22T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Akkadian Provisioning Manager Engine (PME) ships with a hard-coded credential, akkadianuser:haakkadianpassword. This issue was resolved in Akkadian OVA appliance version 3.0 (and later), Akkadian Provisioning Manager 5.0.2 (and later), and Akkadian Appliance Manager 3.3.0.314-4a349e0 (and later).",
  "id": "GHSA-gq54-vpcp-2m6j",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:08:55Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:08:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31579"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2021/06/08/akkadian-provisioning-manager-multiple-vulnerabilities-disclosure"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-GQFX-JP8P-5V6Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-26 09:30 – Updated: 2024-01-04 03:30
VLAI
Details

VR-S1000 firmware Ver. 2.37 and earlier uses a hard-coded cryptographic key which may allow an attacker to analyze the password of a specific product user.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-46711"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-12-26T08:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "VR-S1000 firmware Ver. 2.37 and earlier uses a hard-coded cryptographic key which may allow an attacker to analyze the password of a specific product user.",
  "id": "GHSA-gqfx-jp8p-5v6q",
  "modified": "2024-01-04T03:30:38Z",
  "published": "2023-12-26T09:30:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46711"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN23771490"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.buffalo.jp/news/detail/20231225-01.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GQJW-W57P-FFJP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-30 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:23
VLAI
Details

ROZCOM client CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-31184"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-30T20:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "ROZCOM client CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
  "id": "GHSA-gqjw-w57p-ffjp",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T04:23:58Z",
  "published": "2023-05-30T21:30:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31184"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.gov.il/en/Departments/faq/cve_advisories"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GR9F-5GFG-6VVV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:57 – Updated: 2024-03-21 03:33
VLAI
Details

** DISPUTED ** Default and unremovable support credentials (user:lutron password:integration) allow attackers to gain total super user control of an IoT device through a TELNET session to products using the HomeWorks QS Lutron integration protocol Revision M to Revision Y. NOTE: The vendor disputes this id as not being a vulnerability because what can be done through the ports revolve around controlling lighting, not code execution. A certain set of commands are listed, which bear some similarity to code, but they are not arbitrary and do not allow admin-level control of a machine.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-11629"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-06-02T13:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "** DISPUTED ** Default and unremovable support credentials (user:lutron password:integration) allow attackers to gain total super user control of an IoT device through a TELNET session to products using the HomeWorks QS Lutron integration protocol Revision M to Revision Y. NOTE: The vendor disputes this id as not being a vulnerability because what can be done through the ports revolve around controlling lighting, not code execution. A certain set of commands are listed, which bear some similarity to code, but they are not arbitrary and do not allow admin-level control of a machine.",
  "id": "GHSA-gr9f-5gfg-6vvv",
  "modified": "2024-03-21T03:33:25Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T00:57:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11629"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://reversecodes.wordpress.com/2018/06/02/0-day-tomando-el-control-de-las-instalaciones-de-la-nasa-en-cabo-canaveral"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://sadfud.me/explotos/CVE-2018-11629"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.lutron.com/TechnicalDocumentLibrary/040249.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GRM9-4M4R-6PM9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:27 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:27
VLAI
Details

In projectworlds Online Book Store 1.0 Use of Hard-coded Credentials in source code leads to admin panel access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-24115"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-08-31T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In projectworlds Online Book Store 1.0 Use of Hard-coded Credentials in source code leads to admin panel access.",
  "id": "GHSA-grm9-4m4r-6pm9",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:27:00Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:27:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-24115"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://medium.com/@th3cyb3rc0p/cve-2020-24115-use-of-hardcoded-credentials-in-source-code-leads-to-admin-panel-access-77e5028ec9af"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://systemweakness.com/cve-2020-24115-use-of-hardcoded-credentials-in-source-code-leads-to-admin-panel-access-77e5028ec9af"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-GRPX-2Q9C-2WG3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-15 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-22 00:00
VLAI
Details

Hard-coded credentials in the B. Braun Melsungen AG SpaceCom Version L81/U61 and earlier, and the Data module compactplus Versions A10 and A11 enable attackers with command line access to access the device’s Wi-Fi module.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-25168"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-04-14T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Hard-coded credentials in the B. Braun Melsungen AG SpaceCom Version L81/U61 and earlier, and the Data module compactplus Versions A10 and A11 enable attackers with command line access to access the device\u2019s Wi-Fi module.",
  "id": "GHSA-grpx-2q9c-2wg3",
  "modified": "2022-04-22T00:00:46Z",
  "published": "2022-04-15T00:00:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-25168"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.bbraun.com/en/products-and-therapies/services/b-braun-vulnerability-disclosure-policy/security-advisory.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsma-20-296-02"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GRW5-HMPF-442M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:01 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:40
VLAI
Details

Use of a hardcoded cryptographic key in the FortiGuard services communication protocol may allow a Man in the middle with knowledge of the key to eavesdrop on and modify information (URL/SPAM services in FortiOS 5.6, and URL/SPAM/AV services in FortiOS 6.0.; URL rating in FortiClient) sent and received from Fortiguard severs by decrypting these messages.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-9195"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-11-21T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Use of a hardcoded cryptographic key in the FortiGuard services communication protocol may allow a Man in the middle with knowledge of the key to eavesdrop on and modify information (URL/SPAM services in FortiOS 5.6, and URL/SPAM/AV services in FortiOS 6.0.; URL rating in FortiClient) sent and received from Fortiguard severs by decrypting these messages.",
  "id": "GHSA-grw5-hmpf-442m",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T02:40:15Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:01:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-9195"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://fortiguard.com/advisory/FG-IR-18-100"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Nov/38"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Nov/42"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/155463/FortiOS-6.0.6-FortiClientWindows-6.0.6-FortiClientMac-6.2.1-XOR-Encryption.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2019/Nov/22"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2019/Nov/28"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GV5J-2376-G8MR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-16 00:30 – Updated: 2026-01-16 00:30
VLAI
Details

Denver SHC-150 Smart Wifi Camera contains a hardcoded telnet credential vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to access a Linux shell. Attackers can connect to port 23 using the default credential to execute arbitrary commands on the camera's operating system.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-47796"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-16T00:16:23Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Denver SHC-150 Smart Wifi Camera contains a hardcoded telnet credential vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to access a Linux shell. Attackers can connect to port 23 using the default credential to execute arbitrary commands on the camera\u0027s operating system.",
  "id": "GHSA-gv5j-2376-g8mr",
  "modified": "2026-01-16T00:30:55Z",
  "published": "2026-01-16T00:30:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-47796"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/50160"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/denver-smart-wifi-camera-shc-telnet-remote-code-execution-rce"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://old.denver.eu/products/smart-home-security/ip-camera-/indoor/c-1024/c-1245"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
  • In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
  • Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
  • The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
  • Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
  • Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable

An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.

CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords

An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.