Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15538 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-GRR4-WV38-F68W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-13 15:30 – Updated: 2023-01-04 14:25
VLAI
Summary
Jettison Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability
Details
Jettison before v1.5.2 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the map parameter. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted string.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.codehaus.jettison:jettison"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.5.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-45693"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-01-04T14:25:45Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-13T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Jettison before v1.5.2 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the map parameter. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted string.",
"id": "GHSA-grr4-wv38-f68w",
"modified": "2023-01-04T14:25:45Z",
"published": "2022-12-13T15:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-45693"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jettison-json/jettison/issues/52"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jettison-json/jettison"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/12/msg00045.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5312"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Jettison Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability"
}
GHSA-GRV7-4QW2-WR4J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-11 00:02 – Updated: 2022-03-17 00:02
VLAI
Details
Stack-based buffer overflow in the function get_key in parse.c of abcm2ps v8.14.11 allows remote attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via unspecified vectors.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-32435"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-10T17:42:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in the function get_key in parse.c of abcm2ps v8.14.11 allows remote attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-grv7-4qw2-wr4j",
"modified": "2022-03-17T00:02:01Z",
"published": "2022-03-11T00:02:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-32435"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/leesavide/abcm2ps/issues/84"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/leesavide/abcm2ps/commit/3169ace6d63f6f517a64e8df0298f44a490c4a15"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/04/msg00015.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/6333SXWMES3K22DBAOAW34G6EU6WIJEY"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/EVGJH4HMXI3TWMHQJQCG3M7KSXJWJM7R"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/YTF4FXCW22FFB5HNQO3GK3F4FFBLTZKE"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GRVW-Q343-58WH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-03-29 20:55 – Updated: 2021-03-23 15:15
VLAI
Summary
Out-of-bounds write
Details
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka 'Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-1138, CVE-2019-1217, CVE-2019-1237, CVE-2019-1298.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Microsoft.ChakraCore"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.11.13"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-1300"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-03-23T15:15:58Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-09-11T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka \u0027Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability\u0027. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-1138, CVE-2019-1217, CVE-2019-1237, CVE-2019-1298.",
"id": "GHSA-grvw-q343-58wh",
"modified": "2021-03-23T15:15:58Z",
"published": "2021-03-29T20:55:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-1300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore/commit/7e9a2ee60baa95ceb4f48f522f823c812ca90c80"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore/commit/95b3e3400afb8fa20743657f3a8057fb451e6f69"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2019-1300"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Out-of-bounds write"
}
GHSA-GRVX-CVR2-FC84
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-16 00:00
VLAI
Details
Adobe Bridge version 12.0.1 (and earlier versions) is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-28839"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-15T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Bridge version 12.0.1 (and earlier versions) is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-grvx-cvr2-fc84",
"modified": "2022-06-16T00:00:20Z",
"published": "2022-06-16T00:00:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28839"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/bridge/apsb22-25.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GRW6-C348-H4CC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-06 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:32
VLAI
Details
An ErrorMessage driver stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in BIOS of some ThinkPad models could allow an attacker with local access to elevate their privileges and execute arbitrary code.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-48181"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-05T22:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An ErrorMessage driver stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in BIOS of some ThinkPad models could allow an attacker with local access to elevate their privileges and execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-grw6-c348-h4cc",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:32:29Z",
"published": "2023-06-06T00:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48181"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/product_security/LEN-124495"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GRWH-JH55-XCCH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-08 00:00 – Updated: 2022-02-08 00:00
VLAI
Details
Tenda AX3 v16.03.12.10_CN was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the function saveParentControlInfo. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via the time parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-24162"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-04T02:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda AX3 v16.03.12.10_CN was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the function saveParentControlInfo. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via the time parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-grwh-jh55-xcch",
"modified": "2022-02-08T00:00:34Z",
"published": "2022-02-08T00:00:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24162"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pjqwudi/my_vuln/blob/main/Tenda/vuln_27/27.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GRXG-R84X-J5GQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-09 21:31 – Updated: 2025-04-09 21:31
VLAI
Details
Out of bounds write vulnerability due to improper bounds checking in NI LabVIEW in InitCPUInformation() that may result in information disclosure or arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted VI. This vulnerability affects NI LabVIEW 2025 Q1 and prior versions.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-2631"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-09T20:15:27Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out of bounds write vulnerability due to improper bounds checking in NI LabVIEW in InitCPUInformation() that may result in information disclosure or arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted VI. This vulnerability affects NI LabVIEW 2025 Q1 and prior versions.",
"id": "GHSA-grxg-r84x-j5gq",
"modified": "2025-04-09T21:31:43Z",
"published": "2025-04-09T21:31:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2631"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ni.com/en/support/security/available-critical-and-security-updates-for-ni-software/out-of-bounds-write-vulnerabilities-in-ni-labview.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-GV43-PC8G-6XFJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-21 15:33 – Updated: 2026-03-21 15:33
VLAI
Details
NetAware 1.20 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Share Name field that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying an excessively long string. Attackers can trigger a denial of service by pasting a 1000-byte buffer into the Share Name parameter when adding a new share through the Manage Shares interface.
Severity
6.2 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-25546"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-21T13:16:16Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "NetAware 1.20 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Share Name field that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying an excessively long string. Attackers can trigger a denial of service by pasting a 1000-byte buffer into the Share Name parameter when adding a new share through the Manage Shares interface.",
"id": "GHSA-gv43-pc8g-6xfj",
"modified": "2026-03-21T15:33:22Z",
"published": "2026-03-21T15:33:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25546"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46909"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.infiltration-systems.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/netaware-share-name-denial-of-service"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-GV48-P56M-P3QJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-12 15:31 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:30
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
powerpc/pseries: Enforce hcall result buffer validity and size
plpar_hcall(), plpar_hcall9(), and related functions expect callers to provide valid result buffers of certain minimum size. Currently this is communicated only through comments in the code and the compiler has no idea.
For example, if I write a bug like this:
long retbuf[PLPAR_HCALL_BUFSIZE]; // should be PLPAR_HCALL9_BUFSIZE plpar_hcall9(H_ALLOCATE_VAS_WINDOW, retbuf, ...);
This compiles with no diagnostics emitted, but likely results in stack corruption at runtime when plpar_hcall9() stores results past the end of the array. (To be clear this is a contrived example and I have not found a real instance yet.)
To make this class of error less likely, we can use explicitly-sized array parameters instead of pointers in the declarations for the hcall APIs. When compiled with -Warray-bounds[1], the code above now provokes a diagnostic like this:
error: array argument is too small; is of size 32, callee requires at least 72 [-Werror,-Warray-bounds] 60 | plpar_hcall9(H_ALLOCATE_VAS_WINDOW, retbuf, | ^ ~~~~~~
[1] Enabled for LLVM builds but not GCC for now. See commit 0da6e5fd6c37 ("gcc: disable '-Warray-bounds' for gcc-13 too") and related changes.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-40974"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-12T13:15:18Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\npowerpc/pseries: Enforce hcall result buffer validity and size\n\nplpar_hcall(), plpar_hcall9(), and related functions expect callers to\nprovide valid result buffers of certain minimum size. Currently this\nis communicated only through comments in the code and the compiler has\nno idea.\n\nFor example, if I write a bug like this:\n\n long retbuf[PLPAR_HCALL_BUFSIZE]; // should be PLPAR_HCALL9_BUFSIZE\n plpar_hcall9(H_ALLOCATE_VAS_WINDOW, retbuf, ...);\n\nThis compiles with no diagnostics emitted, but likely results in stack\ncorruption at runtime when plpar_hcall9() stores results past the end\nof the array. (To be clear this is a contrived example and I have not\nfound a real instance yet.)\n\nTo make this class of error less likely, we can use explicitly-sized\narray parameters instead of pointers in the declarations for the hcall\nAPIs. When compiled with -Warray-bounds[1], the code above now\nprovokes a diagnostic like this:\n\nerror: array argument is too small;\nis of size 32, callee requires at least 72 [-Werror,-Warray-bounds]\n 60 | plpar_hcall9(H_ALLOCATE_VAS_WINDOW, retbuf,\n | ^ ~~~~~~\n\n[1] Enabled for LLVM builds but not GCC for now. See commit\n 0da6e5fd6c37 (\"gcc: disable \u0027-Warray-bounds\u0027 for gcc-13 too\") and\n related changes.",
"id": "GHSA-gv48-p56m-p3qj",
"modified": "2025-11-04T00:30:56Z",
"published": "2024-07-12T15:31:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40974"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/19c166ee42cf16d8b156a6cb4544122d9a65d3ca"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/262e942ff5a839b9e4f3302a8987928b0c8b8a2d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3ad0034910a57aa88ed9976b1431b7b8c84e0048"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8aa11aa001576bf3b00dcb8559564ad7a3113588"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a8c988d752b3d98d5cc1e3929c519a55ef55426c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aa6107dcc4ce9a3451f2d729204713783b657257"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/acf2b80c31c37acab040baa3cf5f19fbd5140b18"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ff2e185cf73df480ec69675936c4ee75a445c3e4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/01/msg00001.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GV4F-48G4-9PQH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-23 03:34 – Updated: 2023-11-30 03:30
VLAI
Details
A maliciously crafted MODEL file when parsed through Autodesk AutoCAD 2024 and 2023 can be used to cause a Heap-Based Buffer Overflow. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash, read sensitive data, or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-29073"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-23T03:15:41Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A maliciously crafted MODEL file when parsed through Autodesk AutoCAD 2024 and 2023 can be used to cause a Heap-Based Buffer Overflow. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash, read sensitive data, or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.\n",
"id": "GHSA-gv4f-48g4-9pqh",
"modified": "2023-11-30T03:30:30Z",
"published": "2023-11-23T03:34:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-29073"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2023-0018"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.