Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15631 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-7P75-39P6-7499
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-23 06:31 – Updated: 2026-01-23 06:31
VLAI
Details
ALGO 8180 IP Audio Alerter SIP INVITE Replaces Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of ALGO 8180 IP Audio Alerter devices. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of the Replaces header of SIP INVITE requests. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the device. Was ZDI-CAN-28300.
Severity
8.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-0791"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-23T04:16:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "ALGO 8180 IP Audio Alerter SIP INVITE Replaces Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of ALGO 8180 IP Audio Alerter devices. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of the Replaces header of SIP INVITE requests. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the device. Was ZDI-CAN-28300.",
"id": "GHSA-7p75-39p6-7499",
"modified": "2026-01-23T06:31:25Z",
"published": "2026-01-23T06:31:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0791"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-26-013"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7P85-RCFF-VXQ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:45 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:45
VLAI
Details
In CAacDecoder_DecodeFrame of aacdecode.cpp, there is a possible out-of-bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution in the media server with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: Android. Versions: Android-9. Android ID: A-112891564
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-9537"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-14T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In CAacDecoder_DecodeFrame of aacdecode.cpp, there is a possible out-of-bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution in the media server with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: Android. Versions: Android-9. Android ID: A-112891564",
"id": "GHSA-7p85-rcff-vxq4",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:45:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:45:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-9537"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2018-11-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105865"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7P95-34JM-7R5R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:38 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:38
VLAI
Details
In hevc codec, there is an out-of-bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check with the i2_pic_width_in_luma_samples value. This could lead to remote escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: Android. Versions: 7.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 8.0, 8.1. Android ID: A-65483665.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-13230"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-02-12T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In hevc codec, there is an out-of-bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check with the i2_pic_width_in_luma_samples value. This could lead to remote escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: Android. Versions: 7.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 8.0, 8.1. Android ID: A-65483665.",
"id": "GHSA-7p95-34jm-7r5r",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:38:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:38:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-13230"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2018-02-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102976"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7P97-3339-FVGR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41
VLAI
Details
Heap buffer overflow in Tab Groups in Google Chrome prior to 88.0.4324.146 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted Chrome Extension.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-21144"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-09T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap buffer overflow in Tab Groups in Google Chrome prior to 88.0.4324.146 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted Chrome Extension.",
"id": "GHSA-7p97-3339-fvgr",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:36Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21144"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2021/02/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1163845"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7ACWYJ74Z3YN2XH4QMUEGNBC3VXX464L"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/AUQSMNV7INLDDSD3RKI5S5EAULX2QC7P"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202104-08"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7P99-GMJX-2F7R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-30 12:33 – Updated: 2026-05-04 09:31
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
Buffer overflow in drivers/xen/sys-hypervisor.c
The build id returned by HYPERVISOR_xen_version(XENVER_build_id) is neither NUL terminated nor a string.
The first causes a buffer overflow as sprintf in buildid_show will read and copy till it finds a NUL.
00000000 f4 91 51 f4 dd 38 9e 9d 65 47 52 eb 10 71 db 50 |..Q..8..eGR..q.P| 00000010 b9 a8 01 42 6f 2e 32 |...Bo.2| 00000017
So use a memcpy instead of sprintf to have the correct value:
00000000 f4 91 51 f4 dd 00 9e 9d 65 47 52 eb 10 71 db 50 |..Q.....eGR..q.P| 00000010 b9 a8 01 42 |...B| 00000014
(the above have a hack to embed a zero inside and check it's returned correctly).
This is XSA-485 / CVE-2026-31786
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-31786"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-30T11:16:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBuffer overflow in drivers/xen/sys-hypervisor.c\n\nThe build id returned by HYPERVISOR_xen_version(XENVER_build_id) is\nneither NUL terminated nor a string.\n\nThe first causes a buffer overflow as sprintf in buildid_show will\nread and copy till it finds a NUL.\n\n00000000 f4 91 51 f4 dd 38 9e 9d 65 47 52 eb 10 71 db 50 |..Q..8..eGR..q.P|\n00000010 b9 a8 01 42 6f 2e 32 |...Bo.2|\n00000017\n\nSo use a memcpy instead of sprintf to have the correct value:\n\n00000000 f4 91 51 f4 dd 00 9e 9d 65 47 52 eb 10 71 db 50 |..Q.....eGR..q.P|\n00000010 b9 a8 01 42 |...B|\n00000014\n\n(the above have a hack to embed a zero inside and check it\u0027s\nreturned correctly).\n\nThis is XSA-485 / CVE-2026-31786",
"id": "GHSA-7p99-gmjx-2f7r",
"modified": "2026-05-04T09:31:08Z",
"published": "2026-04-30T12:33:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31786"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/27fdbab4221b375de54bf91919798d88520c6e28"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4b4defd2fce3f966c25adabf46644a85558f1169"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/52cecff98bda2c51eed1c6ce9d21c5d6268fb19d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5c5ff7c7bd15bb536f44b10b3fb5b8408f344d0a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8288d031a01dbacfde3fc643f7be3d23504de64d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5f59216650c51e5e3fcb7517c825bc8047f60ef"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e3af585e1728c917682b6a3de9a69b41fb9194d4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f458ba102da97fafca106327086fc95f3fc764cb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/28/12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://xenbits.xen.org/xsa/advisory-485.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7P9G-63G3-FHGJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-06 18:30 – Updated: 2023-04-13 18:30
VLAI
Details
In isp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07537393; Issue ID: ALPS07180396.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-20658"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-06T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In isp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07537393; Issue ID: ALPS07180396.",
"id": "GHSA-7p9g-63g3-fhgj",
"modified": "2023-04-13T18:30:32Z",
"published": "2023-04-06T18:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20658"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/April-2023"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7PCC-QH9F-CQWF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:57 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:02
VLAI
Details
In libxaac, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10Android ID: A-116114402
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-2067"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-09-27T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In libxaac, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10Android ID: A-116114402",
"id": "GHSA-7pcc-qh9f-cqwf",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:02:36Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:57:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-2067"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/android-10"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7PCG-JP63-83F5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-13 03:30 – Updated: 2023-01-23 21:30
VLAI
Details
The APDFL.dll contains an out-of-bounds write past the fixed-length heap-based buffer while parsing specially crafted PDF files. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-3160"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-13T01:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The APDFL.dll contains an out-of-bounds write past the fixed-length heap-based buffer while parsing specially crafted PDF files. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-7pcg-jp63-83f5",
"modified": "2023-01-23T21:30:26Z",
"published": "2023-01-13T03:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3160"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/csaf/ssa-360681.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-360681.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-22-349-15"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7PCP-8FJH-246Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:31 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:31
VLAI
Details
Vulnerability in the Oracle Solaris product of Oracle Systems (component: Pluggable authentication module). Supported versions that are affected are 10 and 11. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Solaris. While the vulnerability is in Oracle Solaris, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Solaris. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 10.0 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).
Severity
10.0 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-14871"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-10-21T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Solaris product of Oracle Systems (component: Pluggable authentication module). Supported versions that are affected are 10 and 11. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Solaris. While the vulnerability is in Oracle Solaris, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Solaris. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 10.0 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-7pcp-8fjh-246q",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:31:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-14871"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2020-14871"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/159961/SunSSH-Solaris-10-x86-Remote-Root.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/160510/Solaris-SunSSH-11.0-x86-libpam-Remote-Root.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/160609/Oracle-Solaris-SunSSH-PAM-parse_user_name-Buffer-Overflow.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/163232/Solaris-SunSSH-11.0-Remote-Root.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/03/03/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/07/03/3"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7PG4-9277-V46W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-16 03:30 – Updated: 2024-08-16 21:32
VLAI
Details
In multiple functions of ashmem-dev.cpp, there is a possible missing seal due to a heap buffer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
Severity
8.4 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-0033"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-16T02:15:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In multiple functions of ashmem-dev.cpp, there is a possible missing seal due to a heap buffer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-7pg4-9277-v46w",
"modified": "2024-08-16T21:32:35Z",
"published": "2024-02-16T03:30:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0033"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/native/+/aa98edf0ce9dde4886979658a459900ca987f193"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/46d46dc46446f14f26fbe8fb102dd36c1dfc1229"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2024-02-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.