Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-787

Allowed-with-Review

Out-of-bounds Write

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

15090 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-VM99-F93F-5HFH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:52 – Updated: 2022-10-07 00:00
VLAI
Details

AdPlug 2.3.1 has a heap-based buffer overflow in CxadbmfPlayer::__bmf_convert_stream() in bmf.cpp.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-14690"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-08-06T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "AdPlug 2.3.1 has a heap-based buffer overflow in CxadbmfPlayer::__bmf_convert_stream() in bmf.cpp.",
  "id": "GHSA-vm99-f93f-5hfh",
  "modified": "2022-10-07T00:00:58Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:52:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-14690"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/adplug/adplug/issues/85"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Q32A64R2APAC5PXIMSYIEFDQX5AD4GAS"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/U3PW6PLDTPSQQRHKTU2FB72SUB4Q66NE"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VM9P-MX69-HF3F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 21:36 – Updated: 2026-07-01 21:36
VLAI
Details

Ladybird contains a dangling-reference memory-safety flaw in its WebAssembly ESM-integration module loader. When a JavaScript function is imported into a WebAssembly module via the ESM path, WebAssemblyModule.cpp passes a stack-local Wasm::FunctionType by reference to create_host_function, whose host callback captures and later reads that reference; once the ESM link-loop iteration ends the FunctionType is destroyed, leaving the callback with a dangling reference (the normal instantiate path uses a long-lived reference and is not affected). Stale result-type data lets the host callback return an empty result vector for a statically non-empty result, so the destination register retains an attacker-influenced value that is then consumed by the WASM-GC array.set handler, which bit-casts the reference low bits to an ArrayInstance pointer after only a null check, yielding an arbitrary write. A web page can chain this into code execution in the WebContent process. Verified reachable from HTML content without any instrumentation or source modification.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-58592"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-01T20:17:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Ladybird contains a dangling-reference memory-safety flaw in its WebAssembly ESM-integration module loader. When a JavaScript function is imported into a WebAssembly module via the ESM path, WebAssemblyModule.cpp passes a stack-local Wasm::FunctionType by reference to create_host_function, whose host callback captures and later reads that reference; once the ESM link-loop iteration ends the FunctionType is destroyed, leaving the callback with a dangling reference (the normal instantiate path uses a long-lived reference and is not affected). Stale result-type data lets the host callback return an empty result vector for a statically non-empty result, so the destination register retains an attacker-influenced value that is then consumed by the WASM-GC array.set handler, which bit-casts the reference low bits to an ArrayInstance pointer after only a null check, yielding an arbitrary write. A web page can chain this into code execution in the WebContent process. Verified reachable from HTML content without any instrumentation or source modification.",
  "id": "GHSA-vm9p-mx69-hf3f",
  "modified": "2026-07-01T21:36:20Z",
  "published": "2026-07-01T21:36:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-58592"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/LadybirdBrowser/ladybird/blob/master/Libraries/LibWeb/WebAssembly/WebAssemblyModule.cpp"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bikini/exploitarium/tree/main/ladybird-wasm-esm-host-function-rce-poc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ladybird-web-reachable-code-execution-via-dangling-functiontype-reference-in-webassembly-esm-integration"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VMC5-XPP6-2J82

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-13 21:31 – Updated: 2026-03-25 00:31
VLAI
Details

Out of bounds write in Skia in Google Chrome prior to 146.0.7680.75 allowed a remote attacker to perform out of bounds memory access via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-3909"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-13T19:55:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Out of bounds write in Skia in Google Chrome prior to 146.0.7680.75 allowed a remote attacker to perform out of bounds memory access via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
  "id": "GHSA-vmc5-xpp6-2j82",
  "modified": "2026-03-25T00:31:11Z",
  "published": "2026-03-13T21:31:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-3909"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_13.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/491421267"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2026-3909"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VMCX-3R5M-96CR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-22 12:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:00
VLAI
Details

The vCenter Server contains a heap overflow vulnerability due to the usage of uninitialized memory in the implementation of the DCERPC protocol. A malicious actor with network access to vCenter Server may exploit heap-overflow vulnerability to execute arbitrary code on the underlying operating system that hosts vCenter Server.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-20892"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-22T12:15:09Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The vCenter Server contains a heap overflow vulnerability due to the usage of uninitialized memory in the implementation of the DCERPC protocol.\u00a0A malicious actor with network access to vCenter Server may exploit\u00a0heap-overflow vulnerability\u00a0to execute arbitrary code on the underlying operating system that hosts vCenter Server.",
  "id": "GHSA-vmcx-3r5m-96cr",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T05:00:08Z",
  "published": "2023-06-22T12:30:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20892"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1801"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2023-0014.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VMF5-924F-25F2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-03-29 20:59 – Updated: 2021-03-18 22:36
VLAI
Summary
Out-of-bounds write
Details

A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka 'Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-1062, CVE-2019-1092, CVE-2019-1106, CVE-2019-1107.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "NuGet",
        "name": "Microsoft.ChakraCore"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.11.11"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-1103"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-03-18T22:36:03Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-07-15T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka \u0027Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability\u0027. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-1062, CVE-2019-1092, CVE-2019-1106, CVE-2019-1107.",
  "id": "GHSA-vmf5-924f-25f2",
  "modified": "2021-03-18T22:36:03Z",
  "published": "2021-03-29T20:59:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-1103"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore/commit/75162b7f2d8ac2b37d17564e9c979ba1bae707e8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore/commit/efab3101028045cbfa0cc21bd852f75bcc037dba"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2019-1103"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Out-of-bounds write"
}

GHSA-VMF7-X639-H3Q3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:08 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:08
VLAI
Details

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when the Windows Graphics Component improperly handles objects in memory, aka 'Windows Graphics Component Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2020-0715, CVE-2020-0745.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-0792"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-02-11T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when the Windows Graphics Component improperly handles objects in memory, aka \u0027Windows Graphics Component Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability\u0027. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2020-0715, CVE-2020-0745.",
  "id": "GHSA-vmf7-x639-h3q3",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:08:34Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:08:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-0792"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2020-0792"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-20-259"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-VMFP-R4Q9-88XJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-06 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:35
VLAI
Details

In wlan, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07796900; Issue ID: ALPS07796900.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-20715"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-06T13:15:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In wlan, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07796900; Issue ID: ALPS07796900.",
  "id": "GHSA-vmfp-r4q9-88xj",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T04:35:09Z",
  "published": "2023-06-06T15:30:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20715"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/June-2023"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VMFR-6CHP-W9MF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:01 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:01
VLAI
Details

An exploitable code execution vulnerability exists in the ILBM image rendering functionality of SDL2_image-2.0.2. A specially crafted ILBM image can cause a heap overflow resulting in code execution. An attacker can display a specially crafted image to trigger this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-12122"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-119",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-04-24T19:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An exploitable code execution vulnerability exists in the ILBM image rendering functionality of SDL2_image-2.0.2. A specially crafted ILBM image can cause a heap overflow resulting in code execution. An attacker can display a specially crafted image to trigger this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-vmfr-6chp-w9mf",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:01:36Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:01:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12122"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/04/msg00005.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201903-17"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4177"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4184"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0488"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VMFX-GCFQ-WVM2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:03 – Updated: 2023-07-10 13:05
VLAI
Summary
Nokogiri implementation of libxslt vulnerable to heap corruption
Details

Type confusion in xsltNumberFormatGetMultipleLevel prior to libxslt 1.1.33 could allow attackers to potentially exploit heap corruption via crafted XML data.

Nokogiri prior to version 1.10.5 contains a vulnerable version of libxslt. Nokogiri version 1.10.5 upgrades the dependency to libxslt 1.1.34, which contains a patch for this issue.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "nokogiri"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.10.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-5815"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787",
      "CWE-843"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-07T21:30:28Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-12-11T01:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Type confusion in `xsltNumberFormatGetMultipleLevel` prior to libxslt 1.1.33 could allow attackers to potentially exploit heap corruption via crafted XML data.\n\nNokogiri prior to version 1.10.5 contains a vulnerable version of libxslt. Nokogiri version 1.10.5 upgrades the dependency to libxslt 1.1.34, which contains a patch for this issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-vmfx-gcfq-wvm2",
  "modified": "2023-07-10T13:05:32Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:03:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5815"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2630"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/nokogiri/CVE-2019-5815.yml"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxslt/commit/08b62c25871b38d5d573515ca8a065b4b8f64f6b"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/09/msg00010.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Nokogiri implementation of libxslt vulnerable to heap corruption"
}

GHSA-VMGJ-7WPP-X799

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-04 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 21:30
VLAI
Details

A heap overflow vulnerability in IPSec component of Ivanti Connect Secure (9.x 22.x) and Ivanti Policy Secure allows an unauthenticated malicious user to send specially crafted requests in-order-to crash the service thereby causing a DoS attack or in certain conditions read contents from memory.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-22053"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-703",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-04T20:15:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A heap overflow vulnerability in IPSec component of Ivanti Connect Secure (9.x\n 22.x) and Ivanti Policy Secure allows an unauthenticated malicious user to send specially crafted requests in-order-to crash the service thereby causing a DoS attack or in certain conditions read contents from memory. ",
  "id": "GHSA-vmgj-7wpp-x799",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T21:30:31Z",
  "published": "2024-04-04T21:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22053"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://forums.ivanti.com/s/article/New-CVE-2024-21894-Heap-Overflow-CVE-2024-22052-Null-Pointer-Dereference-CVE-2024-22053-Heap-Overflow-and-CVE-2024-22023-XML-entity-expansion-or-XXE-for-Ivanti-Connect-Secure-and-Ivanti-Policy-Secure-Gateways?language=en_US"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
  • Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
  • Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
  • Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
  • When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
  • Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
  • If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation

Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.