Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-787

Allowed-with-Review

Out-of-bounds Write

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

15143 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-QQ47-MRCH-4W82

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-01 21:30 – Updated: 2023-03-06 15:30
VLAI
Details

Jensen of Scandinavia Eagle 1200AC V15.03.06.33_en was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the security parameter at /goform/WifiBasicSet.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-24118"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-01T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Jensen of Scandinavia Eagle 1200AC V15.03.06.33_en was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the security parameter at /goform/WifiBasicSet.",
  "id": "GHSA-qq47-mrch-4w82",
  "modified": "2023-03-06T15:30:41Z",
  "published": "2023-03-01T21:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-24118"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oxnan.com/posts/WifiBasic_security_DoS"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://eagle.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://jensen.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QQ4W-8G63-5R25

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:01 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:01
VLAI
Details

An exploitable stack based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the GNOME libsoup 2.58. A specially crafted HTTP request can cause a stack overflow resulting in remote code execution. An attacker can send a special HTTP request to the vulnerable server to trigger this vulnerability.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-2885"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-119",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-04-24T19:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An exploitable stack based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the GNOME libsoup 2.58. A specially crafted HTTP request can cause a stack overflow resulting in remote code execution. An attacker can send a special HTTP request to the vulnerable server to trigger this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-qq4w-8g63-5r25",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:01:16Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:01:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-2885"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:2459"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3929"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0392"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/160388/ProCaster-LE-32F430-GStreamer-souphttpsrc-libsoup-2.51.3-Stack-Overflow.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2020/Dec/3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100258"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QQ4X-WMG9-V33W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-14 19:00 – Updated: 2022-10-15 12:00
VLAI
Details

OTFCC commit 617837b was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via /release-x64/otfccdump+0x6b0478.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-35056"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-10-14T12:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "OTFCC commit 617837b was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via /release-x64/otfccdump+0x6b0478.",
  "id": "GHSA-qq4x-wmg9-v33w",
  "modified": "2022-10-15T12:00:54Z",
  "published": "2022-10-14T19:00:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35056"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OgmLjZ9VnEbzFh8tqyhPlVGJtdrhgfWz/view?usp=sharing"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Cvjark/Poc/blob/main/otfcc/CVE-2022-35056.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QQ52-WHH8-7P62

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-11-20 00:00 – Updated: 2021-11-24 00:00
VLAI
Details

OpenSource Moddable v10.5.0 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the component /modules/network/wifi/esp/modwifi.c.

Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-29323"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-11-19T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "OpenSource Moddable v10.5.0 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the component /modules/network/wifi/esp/modwifi.c.",
  "id": "GHSA-qq52-whh8-7p62",
  "modified": "2021-11-24T00:00:53Z",
  "published": "2021-11-20T00:00:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-29323"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Moddable-OpenSource/moddable/issues/5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-QQ53-CMVG-M7M7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-29 00:00 – Updated: 2022-01-07 00:01
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in gif2apng 1.9. There is a stack-based buffer overflow involving a for loop. An attacker has little influence over the data written to the stack, making it unlikely that the flow of control can be subverted.

Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-45907"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-12-28T01:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in gif2apng 1.9. There is a stack-based buffer overflow involving a for loop. An attacker has little influence over the data written to the stack, making it unlikely that the flow of control can be subverted.",
  "id": "GHSA-qq53-cmvg-m7m7",
  "modified": "2022-01-07T00:01:05Z",
  "published": "2021-12-29T00:00:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45907"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1002669"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-QQ58-PF2W-C658

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-12 21:30 – Updated: 2024-11-12 21:30
VLAI
Details

After Effects versions 23.6.9, 24.6.2 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-47441"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-12T19:15:13Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "After Effects versions 23.6.9, 24.6.2 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
  "id": "GHSA-qq58-pf2w-c658",
  "modified": "2024-11-12T21:30:52Z",
  "published": "2024-11-12T21:30:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-47441"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/after_effects/apsb24-85.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QQ59-H2GH-4PFP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-12 15:37 – Updated: 2025-02-06 21:32
VLAI
Details

A Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (RPD) component of Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause an rpd crash, leading to Denial of Service (DoS).

On all Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved platforms, when EVPN is configured, and a specific EVPN type-5 route is received via BGP, rpd crashes and restarts. Continuous receipt of this specific route will lead to a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition.

This issue affects: Junos OS:

  • all versions before 21.2R3-S7,

  • from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S5,

  • from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S4,

  • from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S2,

  • from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S1,

  • from 22.4 before 22.4R3,

  • from 23.2 before 23.2R2.

Junos OS Evolved:

  • all versions before 21.4R3-S5-EVO,

  • from 22.1-EVO before 22.1R3-S4-EVO,

  • from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S2-EVO,

  • from 22.3-EVO before 22.3R3-S1-EVO,

  • from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-EVO,

  • from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-EVO.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-30394"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-12T15:15:24Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A\u00a0Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (RPD) component of Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause an rpd crash, leading to Denial of Service (DoS).\n\nOn all Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved platforms, when EVPN is configured, and a specific EVPN type-5 route is received via BGP, rpd crashes and restarts. Continuous receipt of this specific route will lead to a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition.\n\nThis issue affects:\nJunos OS:\n\n\n\n  *  all versions before 21.2R3-S7,\n\n  *  from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S5,\n\n  *  from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S4,\n\n  *  from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S2,\n\n  *  from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S1,\n\n  *  from 22.4 before 22.4R3,\n\n  *  from 23.2 before 23.2R2.\n\n\n\n\n\nJunos OS Evolved:\n\n\n\n  *  all versions before 21.4R3-S5-EVO,\n\n  *  from 22.1-EVO before 22.1R3-S4-EVO,\n\n  *  from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S2-EVO,\n\n  *  from 22.3-EVO before 22.3R3-S1-EVO,\n\n  *  from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-EVO,\n\n  *  from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-EVO.",
  "id": "GHSA-qq59-h2gh-4pfp",
  "modified": "2025-02-06T21:32:04Z",
  "published": "2024-04-12T15:37:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-30394"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA79094"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/4.0#CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/4.0#CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QQ5C-V7VR-8GGG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-15 12:30 – Updated: 2024-09-25 06:30
VLAI
Details

Out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in KV STUDIO Ver.11.64 and earlier and KV REPLAY VIEWER Ver.2.64 and earlier, which may lead to information disclosure or arbitrary code execution by having a user of the affected product open a specially crafted file.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-29218"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-15T11:15:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in KV STUDIO Ver.11.64 and earlier and KV REPLAY VIEWER Ver.2.64 and earlier, which may lead to information  disclosure or arbitrary code execution by having a user of the affected product open a specially crafted file.",
  "id": "GHSA-qq5c-v7vr-8ggg",
  "modified": "2024-09-25T06:30:42Z",
  "published": "2024-04-15T12:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-29218"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU95439120"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.keyence.com/kv_vulnerability240329_en"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.keyence.com/kv_vulnerability240924_en"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QQ5F-QP66-6V4X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-28 12:30 – Updated: 2025-10-01 21:30
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/amdkfd: Use dynamic allocation for CU occupancy array in 'kfd_get_cu_occupancy()'

The kfd_get_cu_occupancy function previously declared a large cu_occupancy array as a local variable, which could lead to stack overflows due to excessive stack usage. This commit replaces the static array allocation with dynamic memory allocation using kcalloc, thereby reducing the stack size.

This change avoids the risk of stack overflows in kernel space, in scenarios where AMDGPU_MAX_QUEUES is large. The allocated memory is freed using kfree before the function returns to prevent memory leaks.

Fixes the below with gcc W=1: drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/../amdkfd/kfd_process.c: In function ‘kfd_get_cu_occupancy’: drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/../amdkfd/kfd_process.c:322:1: warning: the frame size of 1056 bytes is larger than 1024 bytes [-Wframe-larger-than=] 322 | } | ^

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-56695"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-28T10:15:15Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/amdkfd: Use dynamic allocation for CU occupancy array in \u0027kfd_get_cu_occupancy()\u0027\n\nThe `kfd_get_cu_occupancy` function previously declared a large\n`cu_occupancy` array as a local variable, which could lead to stack\noverflows due to excessive stack usage. This commit replaces the static\narray allocation with dynamic memory allocation using `kcalloc`,\nthereby reducing the stack size.\n\nThis change avoids the risk of stack overflows in kernel space,  in\nscenarios where `AMDGPU_MAX_QUEUES` is large. The  allocated memory is\nfreed using `kfree` before the function returns  to prevent memory\nleaks.\n\nFixes the below with gcc W=1:\ndrivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/../amdkfd/kfd_process.c: In function \u2018kfd_get_cu_occupancy\u2019:\ndrivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/../amdkfd/kfd_process.c:322:1: warning: the frame size of 1056 bytes is larger than 1024 bytes [-Wframe-larger-than=]\n  322 | }\n      | ^",
  "id": "GHSA-qq5f-qp66-6v4x",
  "modified": "2025-10-01T21:30:44Z",
  "published": "2024-12-28T12:30:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56695"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6d9f07196389f35a3afebcf1a12c1425725caddd"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/922f0e00017b09d9d47e3efac008c8b20ed546a0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QQ5M-XH4X-HV7F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-10 18:31 – Updated: 2026-03-10 18:31
VLAI
Details

A Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability [CWE-121] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiManager 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, FortiManager 7.2.0 through 7.2.10, FortiManager 6.4 all versions may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized commands via crafted requests, if the service is enabled. The success of the attack depends on the ability to bypass the stack protection mechanisms.

Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-54820"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-10T18:17:58Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability [CWE-121] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiManager 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, FortiManager 7.2.0 through 7.2.10, FortiManager 6.4 all versions may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized commands via crafted requests, if the service is enabled. The success of the attack depends on the ability to bypass the stack protection mechanisms.",
  "id": "GHSA-qq5m-xh4x-hv7f",
  "modified": "2026-03-10T18:31:18Z",
  "published": "2026-03-10T18:31:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54820"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-26-098"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
  • Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
  • Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
  • Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
  • When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
  • Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
  • If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation

Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

← Back to the CWE list