Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15246 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-PMPG-6PWW-FG6Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-14 23:32 – Updated: 2026-06-24 13:10
VLAI
Summary
ImageMagick has out-of-bounds access in ConnectedComponentsImage() via CLI-controlled connected-components:* artifacts
Details
When the connected-components:* define specifies an invalid index and out of bound operation will result in an access violation.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-56370"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-14T23:32:35Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "When the `connected-components:*` define specifies an invalid index and out of bound operation will result in an access violation.",
"id": "GHSA-pmpg-6pww-fg6q",
"modified": "2026-06-24T13:10:04Z",
"published": "2026-04-14T23:32:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-pmpg-6pww-fg6q"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ImageMagick has out-of-bounds access in ConnectedComponentsImage() via CLI-controlled connected-components:* artifacts"
}
GHSA-PMPM-W6CF-W2P8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-04 12:30 – Updated: 2025-09-04 12:30
VLAI
Details
A weakness has been identified in D-Link DI-8400 16.07.26A1. The affected element is the function yyxz_dlink_asp of the file /yyxz.asp. This manipulation of the argument ID causes stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-9938"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-04T10:42:38Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A weakness has been identified in D-Link DI-8400 16.07.26A1. The affected element is the function yyxz_dlink_asp of the file /yyxz.asp. This manipulation of the argument ID causes stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited.",
"id": "GHSA-pmpm-w6cf-w2p8",
"modified": "2025-09-04T12:30:43Z",
"published": "2025-09-04T12:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9938"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZZ2266/.github.io/tree/main/Dlink/DI-8400/yyxz.asp"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZZ2266/.github.io/tree/main/Dlink/DI-8400/yyxz.asp#proof-of-concept-poc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.322340"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.322340"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.643446"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMQ2-7WM2-2J2F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-29 21:30 – Updated: 2023-04-04 21:30
VLAI
Details
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation 10.16.02.034 CONNECT. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of JP2 images. Crafted data in a JP2 file can trigger a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-16202.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-28300"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-29T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation 10.16.02.034 CONNECT. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of JP2 images. Crafted data in a JP2 file can trigger a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-16202.",
"id": "GHSA-pmq2-7wm2-2j2f",
"modified": "2023-04-04T21:30:17Z",
"published": "2023-03-29T21:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.bentley.com/en/common-vulnerability-exposure/be-2022-0007"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-592"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMQ2-R54M-HMF6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-14 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32
VLAI
Details
Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-36036"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-14T18:15:33Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-pmq2-r54m-hmf6",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:53Z",
"published": "2023-11-14T18:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-36036"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-36036"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-36036"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMRC-V3MG-6FGR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:47 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:47
VLAI
Details
A Out-Of-Bounds Read/Write Vulnerability in Autodesk FBX Review version 1.4.0 may lead to remote code execution through maliciously crafted DLL files or information disclosure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27027"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-04-19T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A Out-Of-Bounds Read/Write Vulnerability in Autodesk FBX Review version 1.4.0 may lead to remote code execution through maliciously crafted DLL files or information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-pmrc-v3mg-6fgr",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:47:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:47:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27027"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2021-0001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-469"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-470"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-471"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-472"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-473"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-PMRF-3J56-WGG6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-15 12:00 – Updated: 2025-05-13 21:30
VLAI
Details
Tenda AC1200 Router Model W15Ev2 V15.11.0.10(1576) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the setWanPpoe function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via crafted overflow data.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-42060"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-15T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda AC1200 Router Model W15Ev2 V15.11.0.10(1576) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the setWanPpoe function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via crafted overflow data.",
"id": "GHSA-pmrf-3j56-wgg6",
"modified": "2025-05-13T21:30:27Z",
"published": "2022-11-15T12:00:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42060"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://boschko.ca/tenda_ac1200_router"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMRF-VC3P-VV2X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-11 00:01 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:00
VLAI
Details
TOTOLINK N600R V4.3.0cu.7647_B20210106 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the comment parameter in the function FUN_004200c8.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-29391"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-10T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK N600R V4.3.0cu.7647_B20210106 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the comment parameter in the function FUN_004200c8.",
"id": "GHSA-pmrf-vc3p-vv2x",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:00:55Z",
"published": "2022-05-11T00:01:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-29391"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/d1tto/IoT-vuln/tree/main/Totolink/5.setStaticDhcpConfig"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMRQ-VF7R-JXR9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:54 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:54
VLAI
Details
The html_context_handle_element function in gst/subparse/samiparse.c in gst-plugins-base in GStreamer before 1.10.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write) via a crafted SMI file, as demonstrated by OneNote_Manager.smi.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-5842"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-02-09T15:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The html_context_handle_element function in gst/subparse/samiparse.c in gst-plugins-base in GStreamer before 1.10.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write) via a crafted SMI file, as demonstrated by OneNote_Manager.smi.",
"id": "GHSA-pmrq-vf7r-jxr9",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:54:00Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:54:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-5842"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:2060"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=777502"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/releases/1.10/#1.10.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201705-10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3819"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2017/02/01/7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2017/02/02/9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/96001"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMVM-84Q3-VHX6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-03 03:30 – Updated: 2023-02-10 03:30
VLAI
Details
Delta Electronics DOPSoft versions 4.00.16.22 and prior are vulnerable to an out-of-bounds write, which could allow an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code when a malformed file is introduced to the software.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-0124"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-03T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Delta Electronics DOPSoft versions 4.00.16.22 and prior are vulnerable to an out-of-bounds write, which could allow an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code when a malformed file is introduced to the software.",
"id": "GHSA-pmvm-84q3-vhx6",
"modified": "2023-02-10T03:30:19Z",
"published": "2023-02-03T03:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0124"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-23-031-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMW8-P4G8-WR53
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-08 12:30 – Updated: 2023-02-18 21:30
VLAI
Details
Insufficient validation of input parameters when changing configuration on Tbase server in B&R APROL versions < R 4.2-07 could result in buffer overflow. This may lead to Denial-of-Service conditions or execution of arbitrary code.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-43764"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-08T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Insufficient validation of input parameters when changing configuration on Tbase server in B\u0026R APROL versions \u003c R 4.2-07 could result in buffer overflow. This may lead to Denial-of-Service conditions or execution of arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-pmw8-p4g8-wr53",
"modified": "2023-02-18T21:30:17Z",
"published": "2023-02-08T12:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-43764"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.br-automation.com/downloads_br_productcatalogue/assets/1674823095245-en-original-1.0.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.