Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15321 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-M79Q-PR9F-VQVG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30
VLAI
Details
PDF-XChange Editor PDF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-19640.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-39492"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:16Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PDF-XChange Editor PDF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-19640.",
"id": "GHSA-m79q-pr9f-vqvg",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:56Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:30:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39492"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1133"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M7CP-CC3G-RQ5Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:04 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:04
VLAI
Details
Multiple memory corruption issues were addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 13.2 and iPadOS 13.2, tvOS 13.2, Safari 13.0.3, iTunes for Windows 12.10.2, iCloud for Windows 11.0, iCloud for Windows 7.15. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-8822"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-12-18T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple memory corruption issues were addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 13.2 and iPadOS 13.2, tvOS 13.2, Safari 13.0.3, iTunes for Windows 12.10.2, iCloud for Windows 11.0, iCloud for Windows 7.15. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-m7cp-cc3g-rq5q",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:04:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:04:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-8822"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202003-22"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210721"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210723"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210725"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210726"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210727"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210728"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-M7CV-466W-C2QH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-11 00:01 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:01
VLAI
Details
D-Link DIR-816 A2_v1.10CNB04 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the urladd parameter in /goform/websURLFilterAddDel.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-29327"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-10T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-816 A2_v1.10CNB04 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the urladd parameter in /goform/websURLFilterAddDel.",
"id": "GHSA-m7cv-466w-c2qh",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:01:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-11T00:01:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-29327"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/EPhaha/IOT_vuln/tree/main/d-link/dir-816/9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com/en/security-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M7GQ-VV45-3G4V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-19 00:01 – Updated: 2022-03-01 00:00
VLAI
Details
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation CONNECT 10.16.0.80. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of DGN files. Crafted data in a DGN file can trigger a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-15511.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-46639"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-18T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation CONNECT 10.16.0.80. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of DGN files. Crafted data in a DGN file can trigger a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-15511.",
"id": "GHSA-m7gq-vv45-3g4v",
"modified": "2022-03-01T00:00:55Z",
"published": "2022-02-19T00:01:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46639"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.bentley.com/en/common-vulnerability-exposure/BE-2021-0009"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-226"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-M7H5-4HFX-R2MH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-07 03:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:30
VLAI
Details
Due to failure in validating the length provided by an attacker-crafted MSMMS packet, Wireshark version 4.0.5 and prior, in an unusual configuration, is susceptible to a heap-based buffer overflow, and possibly code execution in the context of the process running Wireshark
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-0667"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-07T03:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Due to failure in validating the length provided by an attacker-crafted MSMMS packet, Wireshark version 4.0.5 and prior, in an unusual configuration, is susceptible to a heap-based buffer overflow, and possibly code execution in the context of the process running Wireshark",
"id": "GHSA-m7h5-4hfx-r2mh",
"modified": "2025-11-04T00:30:37Z",
"published": "2023-06-07T03:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0667"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/issues/19086"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/09/msg00049.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202309-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://takeonme.org/cves/CVE-2023-0667.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M7HQ-M6M6-3VGM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:42 – Updated: 2023-01-26 21:30
VLAI
Details
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.343 and 19.x through 21.x before 21.0.0.213 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.616 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-1012, CVE-2016-1020, CVE-2016-1022, CVE-2016-1023, CVE-2016-1024, CVE-2016-1025, CVE-2016-1026, CVE-2016-1027, CVE-2016-1028, CVE-2016-1029, CVE-2016-1032, and CVE-2016-1033.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-1021"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-04-09T01:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.343 and 19.x through 21.x before 21.0.0.213 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.616 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-1012, CVE-2016-1020, CVE-2016-1022, CVE-2016-1023, CVE-2016-1024, CVE-2016-1025, CVE-2016-1026, CVE-2016-1027, CVE-2016-1028, CVE-2016-1029, CVE-2016-1032, and CVE-2016-1033.",
"id": "GHSA-m7hq-m6m6-3vgm",
"modified": "2023-01-26T21:30:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:42:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1021"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb16-10.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-05/msg00044.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-05/msg00045.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-0610.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/85932"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035509"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M7MF-48HP-5QMR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-12-02 18:28 – Updated: 2023-06-06 18:43
VLAI
Summary
Inappropriate implementation in V8
Details
CVE-2020-16009: Inappropriate implementation in V8
- https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2020/11/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html
- https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-16009
Google is aware of reports that exploits for CVE-2020-16009 exist in the wild.
Allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
There is currently little to no public information on the issue other than it has been flagged as High severity.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "CefSharp.Common"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "86.0.241"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "CefSharp.Wpf"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "86.0.241"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "CefSharp.WinForms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "86.0.241"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "CefSharp.Wpf.HwndHost"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "86.0.241"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-16009"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-12-02T18:27:42Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-03T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "CVE-2020-16009: Inappropriate implementation in V8\n\n- https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2020/11/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html\n- https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-16009\n\nGoogle is aware of reports that exploits for CVE-2020-16009 exist in the wild.\n\nAllowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\n\nThere is currently little to no public information on the issue other than it has been flagged as `High` severity.",
"id": "GHSA-m7mf-48hp-5qmr",
"modified": "2023-06-06T18:43:22Z",
"published": "2020-12-02T18:28:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cefsharp/CefSharp/security/advisories/GHSA-m7mf-48hp-5qmr"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-16009"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2020/11/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1143772"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/cefsharp/CefSharp"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/S4XYJ7B6OXHZNYSA5J3DBUOFEC6WCAGW"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SC3U3H6AISVZB5PLZLLNF4HMQ4UFFL7M"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202011-12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4824"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-11/msg00016.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-11/msg00017.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/159974/Chrome-V8-Turbofan-Type-Confusion.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Inappropriate implementation in V8"
}
GHSA-M7MH-M68X-WQXX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:21 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:21
VLAI
Details
VMware Workstation (14.x before 14.1.3) and Fusion (10.x before 10.1.3) contain an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the e1000 device. This issue may allow a guest to execute code on the host.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-6973"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-08-15T12:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "VMware Workstation (14.x before 14.1.3) and Fusion (10.x before 10.1.3) contain an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the e1000 device. This issue may allow a guest to execute code on the host.",
"id": "GHSA-m7mh-m68x-wqxx",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:21:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:21:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-6973"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2018-0022.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105094"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041491"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M7P7-FHFV-QVJ6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:54 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:54
VLAI
Details
Adobe Flash Player versions 24.0.0.186 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability related to setting visual mode effects. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-2928"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-01-11T04:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Adobe Flash Player versions 24.0.0.186 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability related to setting visual mode effects. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-m7p7-fhfv-qvj6",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:54:54Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:54:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-2928"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb17-02.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201702-20"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017-0057.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/95350"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037570"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M7P8-8C8G-QWRV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:12 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:12
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel before 5.5.8, get_raw_socket in drivers/vhost/net.c lacks validation of an sk_family field, which might allow attackers to trigger kernel stack corruption via crafted system calls.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-10942"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-03-24T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel before 5.5.8, get_raw_socket in drivers/vhost/net.c lacks validation of an sk_family field, which might allow attackers to trigger kernel stack corruption via crafted system calls.",
"id": "GHSA-m7p8-8c8g-qwrv",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:12:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:12:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-10942"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v5.x/ChangeLog-5.5.8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/linus/42d84c8490f9f0931786f1623191fcab397c3d64"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/06/msg00011.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/06/msg00012.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/06/msg00013.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lkml.org/lkml/2020/2/15/125"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200403-0003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4342-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4344-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4345-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4364-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4667"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4698"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-04/msg00035.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/04/15/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.