CWE-434
AllowedUnrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product allows the upload or transfer of dangerous file types that are automatically processed within its environment.
5976 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-QFR4-QJVR-4V26
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-10 18:31 – Updated: 2024-10-10 18:31A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Codezips Online Shopping Portal 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /update-image1.php. The manipulation of the argument productimage1 leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-9794"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-10T16:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Codezips Online Shopping Portal 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /update-image1.php. The manipulation of the argument productimage1 leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-qfr4-qjvr-4v26",
"modified": "2024-10-10T18:31:08Z",
"published": "2024-10-10T18:31:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9794"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ppp-src/CVE/issues/7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.279947"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.279947"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.417583"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-QG4R-FJ25-XF35
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-20 03:30 – Updated: 2023-12-20 03:30IBM Security Guardium Key Lifecycle Manager 4.3 could allow an authenticated user to upload files of a dangerous file type. IBM X-Force ID: 271341.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-47706"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-20T01:15:07Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Security Guardium Key Lifecycle Manager 4.3 could allow an authenticated user to upload files of a dangerous file type. IBM X-Force ID: 271341.",
"id": "GHSA-qg4r-fj25-xf35",
"modified": "2023-12-20T03:30:23Z",
"published": "2023-12-20T03:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-47706"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/271341"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7091157"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QG6W-C843-2XJM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-22 18:31 – Updated: 2025-05-22 18:31File upload vulnerabilities are present in ASPECT if session administrator credentials become compromised This issue affects ASPECT-Enterprise: through 3.08.03; NEXUS Series: through 3.08.03; MATRIX Series: through 3.08.03.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-30173"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-22T18:15:42Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "File upload vulnerabilities are present in ASPECT if session administrator credentials become compromised\nThis issue affects ASPECT-Enterprise: through 3.08.03; NEXUS Series: through 3.08.03; MATRIX Series: through 3.08.03.",
"id": "GHSA-qg6w-c843-2xjm",
"modified": "2025-05-22T18:31:17Z",
"published": "2025-05-22T18:31:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30173"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://search.abb.com/library/Download.aspx?DocumentID=9AKK108471A0021\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=pdf\u0026Action=Launch"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:N/AU:N/R:U/V:C/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-QG73-G3CF-VHHH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-13 16:46 – Updated: 2025-08-21 19:16Summary
Attacker can upload a html file with malicious content. If user tries to open that file in browser malicious scripts can be executed leading Stored XSS(Cross-Site Script) attack.
PoC
NocoDB was configured using the Release Binary Noco-macos-arm64, and nocodb version 0.202.9 (currently the latest version) was used.
binary hash infos: md5(164b727f287af56168bc16fba622d0b4) / sha256(43e8e97f4c5f5330613abe071a359f84e4514b7186f92954b678087c37b7832e)
1. Run the binary to start the server and access the arbitrary table dashboard.
Here, used the default Features table.
2. Click + in the table field header to add an attachment field.
3. Click the Add File(s) button to select and upload files.
Here, test.html containing <script>alert(document.domain)</script> was uploaded.
4. Check the uploaded file path.
<img width="1163" alt="image" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/86613161/287473337-b1c7c781-2fb5-4bd0-b464-dbd3d4158f04.png"
5. Access the uploaded file path.
When the file path is accessed, the <script>alert(document.domain)</script> script statement contained in the file is executed and the server host appears in the alert message.
Impact
This allows remote attacker to execute JavaScript code in the context of the user accessing the vector. An attacker could have used this vulnerability to execute requests in the name of a logged-in user or potentially collect information about the attacked user by displaying a malicious form.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.202.9"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "nocodb"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.202.6"
},
{
"fixed": "0.202.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-50717"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434",
"CWE-79"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-13T16:46:49Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T14:17:01Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\n---\nAttacker can upload a html file with malicious content. If user tries to open that file in browser malicious scripts can be executed leading Stored XSS(Cross-Site Script) attack.\n\n### PoC\n---\nNocoDB was configured using the Release Binary `Noco-macos-arm64`, and nocodb version 0.202.9 (currently the latest version) was used.\nbinary hash infos: md5(164b727f287af56168bc16fba622d0b4) / sha256(43e8e97f4c5f5330613abe071a359f84e4514b7186f92954b678087c37b7832e)\n\u003cimg width=\"665\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/86613161/287472673-aeb60a02-2080-429f-8583-9f130ab62779.png\"\u003e\n\n### 1. Run the binary to start the server and access the arbitrary table dashboard.\n\u003cimg width=\"830\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/86613161/287472852-98b2286e-ad66-45bf-b503-63780619d775.png\"\u003e\n\nHere, used the default `Features` table.\n\n### 2. Click `+` in the table `field header` to add an `attachment` field.\n\u003cimg width=\"1173\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/86613161/287472936-98a67213-a547-4e71-915c-d2a43300530b.png\"\u003e\n\n### 3. Click the `Add File(s)` button to select and upload files.\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1132\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/86613161/287473041-0801ff39-e48c-4746-8518-be825bfd5533.png\"\u003e\n\nHere, `test.html` containing `\u003cscript\u003ealert(document.domain)\u003c/script\u003e` was uploaded.\n\n### 4. Check the uploaded file path.\n\u003cimg width=\"1163\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/86613161/287473337-b1c7c781-2fb5-4bd0-b464-dbd3d4158f04.png\"\n\n### 5. Access the uploaded file path.\n\u003cimg width=\"1201\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/86613161/287473278-410f9228-58e3-4ee4-b111-70cdbffa9ed5.png\"\u003e\n\nWhen the file path is accessed, the `\u003cscript\u003ealert(document.domain)\u003c/script\u003e` script statement contained in the file is executed and the server host appears in the alert message.\n\n\n### Impact\n---\nThis allows remote attacker to execute JavaScript code in the context of the user accessing the vector. An attacker could have used this vulnerability to execute requests in the name of a logged-in user or potentially collect information about the attacked user by displaying a malicious form.",
"id": "GHSA-qg73-g3cf-vhhh",
"modified": "2025-08-21T19:16:05Z",
"published": "2024-05-13T16:46:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nocodb/nocodb/security/advisories/GHSA-qg73-g3cf-vhhh"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-50717"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/nocodb/nocodb"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "NocoDB Allows Preview of Files with Dangerous Content"
}
GHSA-QG9V-5P67-CG3R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-06 09:30 – Updated: 2025-06-06 09:30A vulnerability classified as critical was found in SourceCodester Open Source Clinic Management System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /manage_website.php. The manipulation of the argument website_image leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-5728"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-06T07:15:30Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability classified as critical was found in SourceCodester Open Source Clinic Management System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /manage_website.php. The manipulation of the argument website_image leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-qg9v-5p67-cg3r",
"modified": "2025-06-06T09:30:25Z",
"published": "2025-06-06T09:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5728"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mysq13/CVE/issues/4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.311248"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.311248"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.590578"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sourcecodester.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGCC-433M-FWMC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:16 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:16A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system of an affected device with the privileges of the web server.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-15424"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-10-05T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system of an affected device with the privileges of the web server.",
"id": "GHSA-qgcc-433m-fwmc",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:16:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:16:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-15424"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20181003-ise-mult-vulns"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041792"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGGX-95J5-5W5C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-04 00:00 – Updated: 2021-12-07 00:00An arbitrary file upload vulnerability in Z-BlogPHP v1.6.1.2100 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted JPG file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-29176"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-02T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An arbitrary file upload vulnerability in Z-BlogPHP v1.6.1.2100 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted JPG file.",
"id": "GHSA-qggx-95j5-5w5c",
"modified": "2021-12-07T00:00:59Z",
"published": "2021-12-04T00:00:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-29176"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/H9dawn/cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-QGQ2-VXCF-QW3X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-08 03:32 – Updated: 2025-04-08 03:32The Streamit theme for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in the 'st_Authentication_Controller::edit_profile' function in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.1. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level and above permissions, to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-2525"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-08T02:15:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Streamit theme for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in the \u0027st_Authentication_Controller::edit_profile\u0027 function in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.1. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level and above permissions, to upload arbitrary files on the affected site\u0027s server which may make remote code execution possible.",
"id": "GHSA-qgq2-vxcf-qw3x",
"modified": "2025-04-08T03:32:36Z",
"published": "2025-04-08T03:32:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2525"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.iqonic.design/streamit/change-log/streamit-v4-0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://themeforest.net/item/streamit-video-streaming-wordpress-theme/29772881"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/83a58119-d0ed-47fe-93d1-1aa1def2cf44?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGRX-3FF6-VW5G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-15 18:30 – Updated: 2024-11-21 21:33A file upload vulnerability in java_shop 1.0 allows attackers to upload arbitrary files by modifying the avatar function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-50652"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-15T16:15:36Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A file upload vulnerability in java_shop 1.0 allows attackers to upload arbitrary files by modifying the avatar function.",
"id": "GHSA-qgrx-3ff6-vw5g",
"modified": "2024-11-21T21:33:31Z",
"published": "2024-11-15T18:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-50652"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Yllxx03/CVE/blob/main/java_shop/FileUpload.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Yllxx03/CVE/tree/main/CVE-2024-50652"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGVX-MVF3-XW8R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-18 03:30 – Updated: 2024-11-07 18:31Insufficient verification vulnerability exists in Broadcast Mail CGI (pmc.exe) included in A.K.I Software's PMailServer/PMailServer2 products. If this vulnerability is exploited, a user who can upload files through the product may execute an arbitrary executable file with the web server's execution privilege.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-39933"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-18T01:15:48Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insufficient verification vulnerability exists in Broadcast Mail CGI (pmc.exe) included in A.K.I Software\u0027s PMailServer/PMailServer2 products. If this vulnerability is exploited, a user who can upload files through the product may execute an arbitrary executable file with the web server\u0027s execution privilege.",
"id": "GHSA-qgvx-mvf3-xw8r",
"modified": "2024-11-07T18:31:20Z",
"published": "2024-03-18T03:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39933"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://akisoftware.com/Vulnerability202301.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN92720882"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Generate a new, unique filename for an uploaded file instead of using the user-supplied filename, so that no external input is used at all.[REF-422] [REF-423]
Mitigation MIT-21
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
Mitigation
Consider storing the uploaded files outside of the web document root entirely. Then, use other mechanisms to deliver the files dynamically. [REF-423]
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- For example, limiting filenames to alphanumeric characters can help to restrict the introduction of unintended file extensions.
Mitigation
Define a very limited set of allowable extensions and only generate filenames that end in these extensions. Consider the possibility of XSS (CWE-79) before allowing .html or .htm file types.
Mitigation
Strategy: Input Validation
Ensure that only one extension is used in the filename. Some web servers, including some versions of Apache, may process files based on inner extensions so that "filename.php.gif" is fed to the PHP interpreter.[REF-422] [REF-423]
Mitigation
When running on a web server that supports case-insensitive filenames, perform case-insensitive evaluations of the extensions that are provided.
Mitigation MIT-15
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation
Do not rely exclusively on sanity checks of file contents to ensure that the file is of the expected type and size. It may be possible for an attacker to hide code in some file segments that will still be executed by the server. For example, GIF images may contain a free-form comments field.
Mitigation
Do not rely exclusively on the MIME content type or filename attribute when determining how to render a file. Validating the MIME content type and ensuring that it matches the extension is only a partial solution.
Mitigation MIT-17
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation MIT-22
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.