Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-434

Allowed

Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product allows the upload or transfer of dangerous file types that are automatically processed within its environment.

6278 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-1405 (GCVE-0-2026-1405)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-19 04:36 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:45

Title

Slider Future <= 1.0.5 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Upload

Summary

The Slider Future plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in the 'slider_future_handle_image_upload' function in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.5. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-02-19 17:28 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Assigner

Wordfence mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/slider…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
franchidesign	Slider Future	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.0.5 (semver)

Credits

ZAST.AI

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-1400 (GCVE-0-2026-1400)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-28 08:26 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:25

Title

AI Engine <= 3.3.2 - Authenticated (Editor+) Arbitrary File Upload via 'filename' Parameter in update_media_metadata Endpoint

Summary

The AI Engine – The Chatbot and AI Framework for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in the `rest_helpers_update_media_metadata` function in all versions up to, and including, 3.3.2. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Editor-level access and above, to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible. The attacker can upload a benign image file, then use the `update_media_metadata` endpoint to rename it to a PHP file, creating an executable PHP file in the uploads directory.

Severity

7.2 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-01-28 16:06 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Assigner

Wordfence mitre root

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/ai-eng…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/ai-eng…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3447…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
tigroumeow	AI Engine – The Chatbot, AI Framework & MCP for WordPress	Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.3.2 (semver)

Credits

M Indra Purnama

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-1358 (GCVE-0-2026-1358)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-12 21:24 – Updated: 2026-03-03 20:23

Title

Airleader Master Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Summary

Airleader Master versions 6.381 and prior allow for file uploads without restriction to multiple webpages running maximum privileges. This could allow an unauthenticated user to potentially obtain remote code execution on the server.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

9.3 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-02-13 16:27 UTC

CWE

CWE-434

Assigner

icscert icscert root

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/i…
https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf…
https://airleader.us/contact/
https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Publikati…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Airleader GmbH	Airleader Master	Affected: 0 , ≤ 6.381 (custom)

Credits

Angel Lomeli of SySS reported this vulnerability to CISA.

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-1357 (GCVE-0-2026-1357)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-11 05:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:29

Title

Migration, Backup, Staging <= 0.9.123 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Upload

Summary

The Migration, Backup, Staging – WPvivid Backup & Migration plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Upload in versions up to and including 0.9.123. This is due to improper error handling in the RSA decryption process combined with a lack of path sanitization when writing uploaded files. When the plugin fails to decrypt a session key using openssl_private_decrypt(), it does not terminate execution and instead passes the boolean false value to the phpseclib library's AES cipher initialization. The library treats this false value as a string of null bytes, allowing an attacker to encrypt a malicious payload using a predictable null-byte key. Additionally, the plugin accepts filenames from the decrypted payload without sanitization, enabling directory traversal to escape the protected backup directory. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary PHP files to publicly accessible directories and achieve Remote Code Execution via the wpvivid_action=send_to_site parameter.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-02-11 15:45 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Assigner

Wordfence mitre root

References

8 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wpvivi…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wpvivi…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wpvivi…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wpvivi…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wpvivi…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wpvivi…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3448…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
wpvividplugins	WPvivid — Backup, Migration & Staging	Affected: 0 , ≤ 0.9.123 (semver)

Credits

Lucas Montes

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-1331 (GCVE-0-2026-1331)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-22 08:57 – Updated: 2026-01-22 15:01

Title

AMASTAR Technology｜MeetingHub - Arbitrary File Upload

Summary

MeetingHub developed by HAMASTAR Technology has an Arbitrary File Upload vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to upload and execute web shell backdoors, thereby enabling arbitrary code execution on the server.

Severity

9.3 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-01-22 14:56 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Assigner

twcert mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10650-a5ee9-1.html	third-party-advisory
https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10651-ff09c-2.html	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
AMASTAR Technology	MeetingHub	Affected: 0

Date Public

2026-01-22 08:52

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-1306 (GCVE-0-2026-1306)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-14 06:42 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:26

Title

midi-Synth <= 1.1.0 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Upload via 'export' AJAX Action

Summary

The midi-Synth plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type and file extension validation in the 'export' AJAX action in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible granted the attacker can obtain a valid nonce. The nonce is exposed in frontend JavaScript making it trivially accessible to unauthenticated attackers.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-02-18 20:33 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Assigner

Wordfence mitre root

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/midi-s…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/midi-s…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/midi-s…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/midi-s…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
adminkov	midi-Synth	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.1.0 (semver)

Credits

Athiwat Tiprasaharn Itthidej Aramsri Powpy Waris Damkham Peerapat Samatathanyakorn

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-1222 (GCVE-0-2026-1222)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-20 06:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 18:26

Title

BROWAN COMMUNICATIONS ｜PrismX MX100 AP controller - Arbitrary File Upload

Summary

PrismX MX100 AP controller developed by BROWAN COMMUNICATIONS has an Arbitrary File Upload vulnerability, allowing privileged remote attackers to upload and execute web shell backdoors, thereby enabling arbitrary code execution on the server.

Severity

8.6 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

7.2 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-01-20 18:25 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Assigner

twcert mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10642-3b808-1.html	third-party-advisory
https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10643-2f8d7-2.html	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
BROWAN COMMUNICATIONS	PrismX MX100 AP controller	Affected: 0 , < 1.03.23.01 (custom)

Date Public

2026-01-20 06:27

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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      "title": "BROWAN COMMUNICATIONS \uff5cPrismX MX100 AP controller - Arbitrary File Upload",
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CVE-2026-1152 (GCVE-0-2026-1152)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-19 11:32 – Updated: 2026-02-23 08:45

Title

technical-laohu mpay QR Code Image unrestricted upload

Summary

A security vulnerability has been detected in technical-laohu mpay up to 1.2.4. The impacted element is an unknown function of the component QR Code Image Handler. Such manipulation of the argument codeimg leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.

Severity

5.1 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

4.7 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

4.7 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-01-20 21:28 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload
CWE-284 - Improper Access Controls

Assigner

VulDB mitre root

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.341745	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.341745	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.735775	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/bdkuzma/vuln/issues/17	exploitissue-tracking

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
technical-laohu	mpay	Affected: 1.2.0 Affected: 1.2.1 Affected: 1.2.2 Affected: 1.2.3 Affected: 1.2.4

Credits

baihekuz (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-1126 (GCVE-0-2026-1126)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-18 16:32 – Updated: 2026-02-23 08:39

Title

lwj flow SVG File FormResource.java uploadFile unrestricted upload

Summary

A security vulnerability has been detected in lwj flow up to a3d2fe8133db9d3b50fda4f66f68634640344641. This affects the function uploadFile of the file \flow-master\flow-front-rest\src\main\java\com\dragon\flow\web\resource\flow\FormResource.java of the component SVG File Handler. The manipulation of the argument File leads to unrestricted upload. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. This product adopts a rolling release strategy to maintain continuous delivery. Therefore, version details for affected or updated releases cannot be specified. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-01-20 16:41 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload
CWE-284 - Improper Access Controls

Assigner

VulDB mitre root

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.341718	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.341718	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.735122	third-party-advisory
https://gitee.com/lwj/flow/issues/IDIQSE	exploitissue-tracking
https://gitee.com/lwj/flow/	product

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
lwj	flow	Affected: a3d2fe8133db9d3b50fda4f66f68634640344641

Credits

MaoQiu (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-1107 (GCVE-0-2026-1107)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-18 00:32 – Updated: 2026-02-23 08:35

Title

EyouCMS Member Avatar Diyajax.php check_userinfo unrestricted upload

Summary

A weakness has been identified in EyouCMS up to 1.7.1/5.0. Impacted is the function check_userinfo of the file Diyajax.php of the component Member Avatar Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument viewfile can lead to unrestricted upload. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-01-20 17:20 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload
CWE-284 - Improper Access Controls

Assigner

VulDB mitre root

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.341699	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.341699	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.731540	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/24-2021/vul3/blob/main/Eyoucms…	broken-link
https://github.com/24-2021/vul3/blob/main/Eyoucms…	broken-linkexploit

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
n/a	EyouCMS	Affected: 1.7.0 Affected: 1.7.1 Affected: 5.0 cpe:2.3:a:eyoucms:eyoucms::::::::

Credits

nobb (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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            "baseScore": 6.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 6.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 6.5,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:UR",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-434",
              "description": "Unrestricted Upload",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-284",
              "description": "Improper Access Controls",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-02-23T08:35:22.852Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-341699 | EyouCMS Member Avatar Diyajax.php check_userinfo unrestricted upload",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.341699"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-341699 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.341699"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #731540 | Hainan Zanzan Network Technology Co. Eyoucms \u003c=1.7.1 causing code execution due to file inclusion",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.731540"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "broken-link"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/24-2021/vul3/blob/main/Eyoucms/Eyoucms%3D1.7.1%20check_userinfo%20api%20viewfile%20exists%2C%20causing%20code%20execution%20due%20to%20file%20inclusion.md"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "broken-link",
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/24-2021/vul3/blob/main/Eyoucms/Eyoucms%3D1.7.1%20check_userinfo%20api%20viewfile%20exists%2C%20causing%20code%20execution%20due%20to%20file%20inclusion.md#poc"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-01-17T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-01-17T01:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-01-19T17:48:55.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "EyouCMS Member Avatar Diyajax.php check_userinfo unrestricted upload"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-1107",
    "datePublished": "2026-01-18T00:32:06.306Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-01-17T08:41:54.975Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-02-23T08:35:22.852Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Mitigation

Architecture and Design

Generate a new, unique filename for an uploaded file instead of using the user-supplied filename, so that no external input is used at all.[REF-422] [REF-423]

Mitigation MIT-21

Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.

Mitigation

Architecture and Design

Consider storing the uploaded files outside of the web document root entirely. Then, use other mechanisms to deliver the files dynamically. [REF-423]

Mitigation MIT-5

Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
For example, limiting filenames to alphanumeric characters can help to restrict the introduction of unintended file extensions.

Mitigation

Architecture and Design

Define a very limited set of allowable extensions and only generate filenames that end in these extensions. Consider the possibility of XSS (CWE-79) before allowing .html or .htm file types.

Mitigation

Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Ensure that only one extension is used in the filename. Some web servers, including some versions of Apache, may process files based on inner extensions so that "filename.php.gif" is fed to the PHP interpreter.[REF-422] [REF-423]

Mitigation

Implementation

When running on a web server that supports case-insensitive filenames, perform case-insensitive evaluations of the extensions that are provided.

Mitigation MIT-15

Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation

Implementation

Do not rely exclusively on sanity checks of file contents to ensure that the file is of the expected type and size. It may be possible for an attacker to hide code in some file segments that will still be executed by the server. For example, GIF images may contain a free-form comments field.

Mitigation

Implementation

Do not rely exclusively on the MIME content type or filename attribute when determining how to render a file. Validating the MIME content type and ensuring that it matches the extension is only a partial solution.

Mitigation MIT-17

Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation MIT-22

Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.

CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs

In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.

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