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It should not be framed as an authorization bypass; the lock is an in-process concurrency primitive, not an access-control boundary.\n\n###  Version\nSoftware: concurrent-ruby\nVersion: 1.3.6\nCommit: 7a1b78941c081106c20a9ca0144ac73a48d254ab\n\n### Details\n\n`release_write_lock` checks only whether the global counter indicates that a writer is running. It does not track or verify ownership:\n\n```ruby\ndef release_write_lock\n  return true unless running_writer?\n  c = @Counter.update { |counter| counter - RUNNING_WRITER }\n  @ReadLock.broadcast\n  @WriteLock.signal if waiting_writers(c) \u003e 0\n  true\nend\n```\n\nBecause ownership is not checked, a different thread can clear the `RUNNING_WRITER` bit while the original writer is still inside its critical section. Another writer can then acquire the write lock and run concurrently with the first writer.\n\n`release_read_lock` unconditionally decrements the shared counter:\n\n```ruby\ndef release_read_lock\n  while true\n    c = @Counter.value\n    if @Counter.compare_and_set(c, c-1)\n      if waiting_writer?(c) \u0026\u0026 running_readers(c) == 1\n        @WriteLock.signal\n      end\n      break\n    end\n  end\n  true\nend\n```\n\nOn a fresh lock, this changes the counter from `0` to `-1`. A later `acquire_read_lock` raises `Concurrent::ResourceLimitError` because the maximum-reader check masks the negative counter as saturated.\n\n# Reproduce\n\nFrom the root of a `concurrent-ruby` checkout, run:\n\n```bash\nruby -Ilib/concurrent-ruby - \u003c\u003c\u0027RUBY\u0027\nrequire \u0027concurrent/atomic/read_write_lock\u0027\nrequire \u0027concurrent/version\u0027\nrequire \u0027thread\u0027\n\nputs \"ruby=#{RUBY_DESCRIPTION}\"\nputs \"concurrent_ruby_version=#{Concurrent::VERSION}\"\nputs \"poc=ReadWriteLock release methods corrupt or bypass lock state\"\n\nlock = Concurrent::ReadWriteLock.new\nevents = Queue.new\nwriter1_inside = false\n\nwriter1 = Thread.new do\n  lock.acquire_write_lock\n  writer1_inside = true\n  events \u003c\u003c :writer1_acquired\n  sleep 0.5\n  writer1_inside = false\n  lock.release_write_lock\n  events \u003c\u003c :writer1_finished\nend\n\nevents.pop\nputs \u0027writer1_acquired=true\u0027\n\nintruder_result = nil\nintruder = Thread.new do\n  intruder_result = lock.release_write_lock\nend\nintruder.join\n\nputs \"wrong_thread_release_write_lock_returned=#{intruder_result}\"\n\nwriter2_entered_while_writer1_inside = nil\nwriter2 = Thread.new do\n  lock.acquire_write_lock\n  writer2_entered_while_writer1_inside = writer1_inside\n  lock.release_write_lock\nend\n\nwriter2.join(0.25)\n\nputs \"writer2_acquired_while_writer1_inside=#{writer2_entered_while_writer1_inside}\"\n\nwriter1.join\n\nlock2 = Concurrent::ReadWriteLock.new\nstray_read_release_result = lock2.release_read_lock\ncounter_after_stray_read_release = lock2.instance_eval { @Counter.value }\nread_after_stray_release = begin\n  lock2.acquire_read_lock\n  \u0027acquired\u0027\nrescue =\u003e error\n  \"#{error.class}: #{error.message}\"\nend\n\nputs \"stray_release_read_lock_returned=#{stray_read_release_result}\"\nputs \"counter_after_stray_read_release=#{counter_after_stray_read_release}\"\nputs \"acquire_read_after_stray_release=#{read_after_stray_release}\"\n\nif intruder_result \u0026\u0026 writer2_entered_while_writer1_inside \u0026\u0026 counter_after_stray_read_release == -1\n  puts \u0027result=REPRODUCED wrong-thread write release and stray read-release corruption\u0027\nelse\n  puts \u0027result=NOT_REPRODUCED\u0027\nend\n```\nExpected result:\n\n- A second thread successfully calls `release_write_lock` while the first writer still holds the lock.\n- A second writer enters while the first writer is still inside the write critical section.\n- Calling `release_read_lock` on a fresh lock changes the counter to `-1`.\n- A subsequent read acquisition fails with `Concurrent::ResourceLimitError`.\n\n### Log evidence\n\nLocal reproduction output:\n\n```text\nruby=ruby 2.6.10p210 (2022-04-12 revision 67958) [universal.arm64e-darwin25]\nconcurrent_ruby_version=1.3.6\npoc=ReadWriteLock release methods corrupt or bypass lock state\nwriter1_acquired=true\nwrong_thread_release_write_lock_returned=true\nwriter2_acquired_while_writer1_inside=true\nstray_release_read_lock_returned=true\ncounter_after_stray_read_release=-1\nacquire_read_after_stray_release=Concurrent::ResourceLimitError: Too many reader threads\nresult=REPRODUCED wrong-thread write release and stray read-release corruption\n```\n\n### Impact\nThis can break the write-lock mutual exclusion guarantee and can also leave a lock unusable after a stray read release.\nThe impact is local to applications that expose or misuse the manual `acquire_*` / `release_*` APIs. If the lock protects integrity-sensitive mutable state, wrong-thread write release can allow concurrent writers and data races. The stray read-release path can cause denial of service by corrupting the lock counter.\n\n### Credit\nPranjali Thakur - depthfirst ([depthfirst.com](\u003chttp://depthfirst.com\u003e))",
  "id": "GHSA-6wx8-w4f5-wwcr",
  "modified": "2026-06-19T20:47:41Z",
  "published": "2026-06-19T20:47:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/security/advisories/GHSA-6wx8-w4f5-wwcr"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Concurrent Ruby: ReadWriteLock allows wrong-thread write release and stray read-release counter corruption"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-54625"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-414"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-06T03:15:25Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Race condition vulnerability in the kernel file system module.\nImpact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.",
  "id": "GHSA-8767-h358-4h2q",
  "modified": "2025-08-06T03:30:27Z",
  "published": "2025-08-06T03:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54625"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2025/8"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-5447"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-414"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T14:27:17Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing lock check in SynHsaService may create a use-after-free condition which causes abnormal termination of the service, resulting in denial of service for the Synaptics Hardware Support App.",
  "id": "GHSA-frfw-jrj7-8fg6",
  "modified": "2024-05-14T15:32:51Z",
  "published": "2024-05-14T15:32:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-5447"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.synaptics.com/sites/default/files/2023-10/fingerprint-driver-HSAService-security-brief-2023-10-13.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-53071"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-414",
      "CWE-416",
      "CWE-667"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-24T17:17:20Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: l2cap: Add missing chan lock in l2cap_ecred_reconf_rsp\n\nl2cap_ecred_reconf_rsp() calls l2cap_chan_del() without holding\nl2cap_chan_lock(). Every other l2cap_chan_del() caller in the file\nacquires the lock first. A remote BLE device can send a crafted\nL2CAP ECRED reconfiguration response to corrupt the channel list\nwhile another thread is iterating it.\n\nAdd l2cap_chan_hold() and l2cap_chan_lock() before l2cap_chan_del(),\nand l2cap_chan_unlock() and l2cap_chan_put() after, matching the\npattern used in l2cap_ecred_conn_rsp() and l2cap_conn_del().",
  "id": "GHSA-g7cw-xhg8-933g",
  "modified": "2026-09-16T15:30:36Z",
  "published": "2026-06-24T18:32:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53071"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-53071.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe1188abdae9b7a8199dcdfcf9244d5e5d61eb14"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dc89961b76f12aff47124c1df4bdb32a080f4d0c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/96dca51715d86559ed6ed8028e5445cecb80f3ae"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/77a853aec710b2fdf41fa298ea3cbc9a4358f917"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5501d055a1ce3c747141e3955ba8cf034d193f3e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/42776497cdbc9a665b384a6dcb85f0d4bd927eab"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/330b20ec97916961ee0e6c29c06bc0fa7c96e64c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ccd75c51f620374086f359e906917676e699a1c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2492458"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-53071"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:67723"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:67721"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:65711"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:65710"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:43307"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42919"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42552"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42550"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-54510"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-414"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-16T19:16:32Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A missing lock verification in AMD Secure Processor (ASP) firmware may permit a locally authenticated attacker with administrative privileges to alter MMIO routing on some Zen 5-based products, potentially compromising guest system integrity.",
  "id": "GHSA-mwrh-fvw2-28c5",
  "modified": "2026-04-16T21:31:13Z",
  "published": "2026-04-16T21:31:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54510"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/AMD-SB-3034.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}