CWE-400
DiscouragedUncontrolled Resource Consumption
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
5412 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-M5XX-7Q4G-9WFX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-15 00:30 – Updated: 2025-11-15 00:30ReQuest Serious Play F3 Media Server versions 7.0.3.4968 (Pro), 7.0.2.4954, 6.5.2.4954, 6.4.2.4681, 6.3.2.4203, and 2.0.1.823 contain a remote denial-of-service vulnerability. The device can be shut down or rebooted by an unauthenticated attacker through a single crafted HTTP GET request, allowing remote interruption of service availability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-4465"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-14T23:15:42Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "ReQuest Serious Play F3 Media Server versions 7.0.3.4968 (Pro), 7.0.2.4954, 6.5.2.4954, 6.4.2.4681, 6.3.2.4203, and 2.0.1.823 contain a remote denial-of-service vulnerability. The device can be shut down or rebooted by an unauthenticated attacker through a single crafted HTTP GET request, allowing remote interruption of service availability.",
"id": "GHSA-m5xx-7q4g-9wfx",
"modified": "2025-11-15T00:30:26Z",
"published": "2025-11-15T00:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-4465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cxsecurity.com/issue/WLB-2020100122"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/190031"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://packetstorm.news/files/id/159602"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48951"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/request-serious-play-f3-media-server-remote-dos"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2020-5601.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.request.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-M633-WXJ8-4R58
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-25 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-25 18:30An incomplete fix was shipped for the Rapid Reset (CVE-2023-44487/CVE-2023-39325) vulnerability for an OpenShift Containers.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-6596"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-25T16:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An incomplete fix was shipped for the Rapid Reset (CVE-2023-44487/CVE-2023-39325) vulnerability for an OpenShift Containers.",
"id": "GHSA-m633-wxj8-4r58",
"modified": "2024-04-25T18:30:39Z",
"published": "2024-04-25T18:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6596"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:0485"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:0682"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-6596"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2253521"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M63J-WH5W-C252
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2019-03-13 17:25 – Updated: 2023-08-08 16:46Denial of Service Vulnerability in Action View
Impact
Specially crafted accept headers can cause the Action View template location code to consume 100% CPU, causing the server unable to process requests. This impacts all Rails applications that render views.
All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately.
Releases
The 6.0.0.beta3, 5.2.2.1, 5.1.6.2, 5.0.7.2, and 4.2.11.1 releases are available at the normal locations.
Workarounds
This vulnerability can be mitigated by wrapping render calls with respond_to blocks. For example, the following example is vulnerable:
class UserController < ApplicationController
def index
render "index"
end
end
But the following code is not vulnerable:
class UserController < ApplicationController
def index
respond_to |format|
format.html { render "index" }
end
end
end
Implicit rendering is impacted, so this code is vulnerable:
class UserController < ApplicationController
def index
end
end
But can be changed this this:
class UserController < ApplicationController
def index
respond_to |format|
format.html { render "index" }
end
end
end
Alternatively to specifying the format, the following monkey patch can be applied in an initializer:
$ cat config/initializers/formats_filter.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
ActionDispatch::Request.prepend(Module.new do
def formats
super().select do |format|
format.symbol || format.ref == "*/*"
end
end
end)
Please note that only the 5.2.x, 5.1.x, 5.0.x, and 4.2.x series are supported at present. Users of earlier unsupported releases are advised to upgrade as soon as possible as we cannot guarantee the continued availability of security fixes for unsupported releases.
Also note that the patches for this vulnerability are the same as CVE-2019-5418.
Credits
Thanks to John Hawthorn john@hawthorn.email of GitHub
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.2.11.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "actionview"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.2.11.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.2.2.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "actionview"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.2.2.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.1.6.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "actionview"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.1.6.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.0.7.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "actionview"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.0.7.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "actionview"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.0.0.beta1"
},
{
"fixed": "6.0.0.beta3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-5419"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:45:03Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-03-27T14:29:01Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "# Denial of Service Vulnerability in Action View\n\nImpact \n------ \nSpecially crafted accept headers can cause the Action View template location code to consume 100% CPU, causing the server unable to process requests. This impacts all Rails applications that render views. \n\nAll users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately. \n\nReleases \n-------- \nThe 6.0.0.beta3, 5.2.2.1, 5.1.6.2, 5.0.7.2, and 4.2.11.1 releases are available at the normal locations. \n\nWorkarounds \n----------- \nThis vulnerability can be mitigated by wrapping `render` calls with `respond_to` blocks. For example, the following example is vulnerable: \n\n``` ruby\nclass UserController \u003c ApplicationController \n def index \n render \"index\" \n end \nend \n``` \n\nBut the following code is not vulnerable: \n\n```ruby \nclass UserController \u003c ApplicationController \n def index \n respond_to |format| \n format.html { render \"index\" } \n end \n end \nend \n``` \n\nImplicit rendering is impacted, so this code is vulnerable: \n\n```ruby \nclass UserController \u003c ApplicationController \n def index \n end \nend \n``` \n\nBut can be changed this this: \n\n```ruby \nclass UserController \u003c ApplicationController \n def index \n respond_to |format| \n format.html { render \"index\" } \n end \n end \nend \n``` \n\nAlternatively to specifying the format, the following monkey patch can be applied in an initializer: \n\n``` \n$ cat config/initializers/formats_filter.rb \n# frozen_string_literal: true \n\nActionDispatch::Request.prepend(Module.new do \n def formats \n super().select do |format| \n format.symbol || format.ref == \"*/*\" \n end \n end \nend) \n``` \n\nPlease note that only the 5.2.x, 5.1.x, 5.0.x, and 4.2.x series are supported at present. Users of earlier unsupported releases are advised to upgrade as soon as possible as we cannot guarantee the continued availability of security fixes for unsupported releases. \n\nAlso note that the patches for this vulnerability are the same as CVE-2019-5418. \n\nCredits \n------- \nThanks to John Hawthorn \u003cjohn@hawthorn.email\u003e of GitHub ",
"id": "GHSA-m63j-wh5w-c252",
"modified": "2023-08-08T16:46:59Z",
"published": "2019-03-13T17:25:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5419"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/35708"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/f4c70c2222180b8d9d924f00af0c7fd632e26715"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0796"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1147"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1149"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1289"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/rails/rails"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionview/CVE-2019-5419.yml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/GN7w9fFAQeI"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/03/msg00042.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Y43636TH4D6T46IC6N2RQVJTRFJAAYGA"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2019/3/13/Rails-4-2-5-1-5-1-6-2-have-been-released"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-05/msg00011.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00025.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-08/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/03/22/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Denial of Service Vulnerability in Action View"
}
GHSA-M65F-FG8J-WXX8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-20 15:33 – Updated: 2026-02-02 18:31A security issue exists within ArmorStart® LT that can result in a denial-of-service condition. During execution of the Achilles Comprehensive grammar tests, the device reboots unexpectedly, causing the Link State Monitor to go down for several seconds.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-9465"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-20T14:16:16Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A security issue exists within ArmorStart\u00ae LT that can result in a denial-of-service condition. During execution of the Achilles Comprehensive grammar tests, the device reboots unexpectedly, causing the Link State Monitor to go down for several seconds.",
"id": "GHSA-m65f-fg8j-wxx8",
"modified": "2026-02-02T18:31:31Z",
"published": "2026-01-20T15:33:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.rockwellautomation.com/en-us/trust-center/security-advisories/advisory.SD1768.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-M69X-PW9P-7J3Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-10 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-10 00:31An application using spring-security-saml2-service-provider and the REDIRECT binding for SAML 2.0 Login or Logout may be vulnerable to a denial of service by way of an unbounded writer that inflates the compressed SAML payload into memory.
Affected versions: Spring Security 5.7.0 through 5.7.23; 5.8.0 through 5.8.25; 6.3.0 through 6.3.16; 6.4.0 through 6.4.16; 6.5.0 through 6.5.10; 7.0.0 through 7.0.5.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-40988"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-10T00:16:49Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An application using spring-security-saml2-service-provider and the REDIRECT binding for SAML 2.0 Login or Logout may be vulnerable to a denial of service by way of an unbounded writer that inflates the compressed SAML payload into memory.\n\nAffected versions:\nSpring Security 5.7.0 through 5.7.23; 5.8.0 through 5.8.25; 6.3.0 through 6.3.16; 6.4.0 through 6.4.16; 6.5.0 through 6.5.10; 7.0.0 through 7.0.5.",
"id": "GHSA-m69x-pw9p-7j3q",
"modified": "2026-06-10T00:31:51Z",
"published": "2026-06-10T00:31:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40988"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://spring.io/security/cve-2026-40988"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M6CJ-93V6-CVR5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-01 00:47 – Updated: 2022-08-11 17:02Impact
A carefully crafted RAR archive can trigger an infinite loop while extracting said archive. The impact depends solely on how the application uses the library, and whether files can be provided by malignant users.
Patches
The problem is partially patched in 7.4.1
Workarounds
None
References
https://github.com/junrar/junrar/issues/73
https://github.com/junrar/junrar/issues/81
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.github.junrar:junrar"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.4.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-23596"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-835"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-01-31T21:24:36Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-01T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nA carefully crafted RAR archive can trigger an infinite loop while extracting said archive. The impact depends solely on how the application uses the library, and whether files can be provided by malignant users. \n\n### Patches\nThe problem is partially patched in 7.4.1\n\n### Workarounds\nNone\n\n### References\n\nhttps://github.com/junrar/junrar/issues/73\n\nhttps://github.com/junrar/junrar/issues/81\n",
"id": "GHSA-m6cj-93v6-cvr5",
"modified": "2022-08-11T17:02:55Z",
"published": "2022-02-01T00:47:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/junrar/junrar/security/advisories/GHSA-m6cj-93v6-cvr5"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23596"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/junrar/junrar/issues/73"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/junrar/junrar/commit/7b16b3d90b91445fd6af0adfed22c07413d4fab7"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/junrar/junrar"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Junrar vulnerable to infinite loop via extracting carefully crafted RAR archive"
}
GHSA-M6GJ-X369-462F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-25 00:01In addAutomaticZenRule of ZenModeHelper.java, there is a possible permanent denial of service due to resource exhaustion. This could lead to local denial of service with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11 Android-12 Android-12LAndroid ID: A-220735360
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-20143"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-15T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In addAutomaticZenRule of ZenModeHelper.java, there is a possible permanent denial of service due to resource exhaustion. This could lead to local denial of service with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11 Android-12 Android-12LAndroid ID: A-220735360",
"id": "GHSA-m6gj-x369-462f",
"modified": "2022-06-25T00:01:01Z",
"published": "2022-06-16T00:00:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20143"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2022-06-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M6H2-634H-JCPJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:07 – Updated: 2024-11-26 15:57Designate 2015.1.0 through 1.0.0.0b1 as packaged in OpenStack Kilo does not enforce RecordSets per domain, and Records per RecordSet quotas when processing an internal zone file transfer, which might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via a crafted resource record set.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "designate"
},
"versions": [
"2015.1.0b2"
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-5695"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-11-21T22:15:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2017-08-31T22:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Designate 2015.1.0 through 1.0.0.0b1 as packaged in OpenStack Kilo does not enforce RecordSets per domain, and Records per RecordSet quotas when processing an internal zone file transfer, which might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via a crafted resource record set.",
"id": "GHSA-m6h2-634h-jcpj",
"modified": "2024-11-26T15:57:53Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:07:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-5695"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/designate/+bug/1471161"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1245241"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ironsource-mobile/designate"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/designate/PYSEC-2017-114.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpadlibrarian.net/211525251/bug-1471161-quotas-master.patch"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/07/28/11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/07/29/6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.openstack.org/pipermail/openstack/2015-July/013548.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Designate mDNS DoS through incorrect handling of large RecordSets"
}
GHSA-M6HM-534H-7MXM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-04 18:30 – Updated: 2025-08-04 21:30An issue in Artifex mupdf 1.25.6, 1.25.5 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via an infinite recursion in the mutool clean utility. When processing a crafted PDF file containing cyclic /Next references in the outline structure, the strip_outline() function enters infinite recursion
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-46206"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-674"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-04T18:15:34Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue in Artifex mupdf 1.25.6, 1.25.5 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via an infinite recursion in the `mutool clean` utility. When processing a crafted PDF file containing cyclic /Next references in the outline structure, the `strip_outline()` function enters infinite recursion",
"id": "GHSA-m6hm-534h-7mxm",
"modified": "2025-08-04T21:30:42Z",
"published": "2025-08-04T18:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46206"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.ghostscript.com/show_bug.cgi?id=708521"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cgit.ghostscript.com/cgi-bin/cgit.cgi/mupdf.git/commit/?id=0ec7e4d2201bb6df217e01c17396d36297abf9ac"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Landw-hub/CVE-2025-46206"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://artifex.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://mupdf.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M6M7-MF2P-99P5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-08 00:01 – Updated: 2022-05-04 00:00calibre before 5.32.0 contains a regular expression that is vulnerable to ReDoS (Regular Expression Denial of Service) in html_preprocess_rules in ebooks/conversion/preprocess.py.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-44686"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-07T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "calibre before 5.32.0 contains a regular expression that is vulnerable to ReDoS (Regular Expression Denial of Service) in html_preprocess_rules in ebooks/conversion/preprocess.py.",
"id": "GHSA-m6m7-mf2p-99p5",
"modified": "2022-05-04T00:00:57Z",
"published": "2021-12-08T00:01:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44686"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dwisiswant0/advisory/issues/18"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/calibre/+bug/1951979"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kovidgoyal/calibre/compare/v5.31.1...v5.32.0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/W7QKFPYJ23KG6WJ5NIYAM4N2NWZCLQGL"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
Mitigation
- Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
- The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
- The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
- recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
- uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
Mitigation
Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death
An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.
CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement
An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.
CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.